Test center 1. Main risk factors of chronic diseases
1. Smoking
drink
3. Unreasonable diet:
① Too much fat in food;
② vitamin deficiency;
③ Insufficient intake of cellulose in food;
④ Too many calories in the diet.
4. Lack of physical activity
5. Other factors
Test site 2, malignant tumor
I. Risk factors of malignant tumor
Genetic factors, congenital factors and acquired environmental factors.
A few cancers are mainly related to genetic and congenital factors, but most cancers are mainly related to acquired environment and personal lifestyle factors.
The main risk factors of cancer in China are smoking, HBV infection, unreasonable diet, occupational hazards and other environmental factors.
Second, screening and early diagnosis of malignant tumors
Early detection, diagnosis and treatment of cancer is one of the main strategies to reduce mortality and improve survival rate.
The World Health Organization estimates that, if properly applied, the existing technical methods can reduce cancer mortality by about 65,438+0/3.
Key tumors for screening: cervical cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer.
Determination of alpha-fetoprotein for screening liver cancer
Test point 3, hypertension
First, the diagnosis of hypertension
(A) related concepts and diagnostic criteria of hypertension
The clinical diagnostic criteria of hypertension are: measuring blood pressure and systolic pressure three times on different days? 140mmHg and/or diastolic pressure? 90 mm Hg.
Essential hypertension: the cause is unknown, and most of them need lifelong treatment.
Secondary hypertension: hypertension caused by some diseases, accounting for about 5%~ 10%. White coat hypertension: the blood pressure measured by medical institutions is higher than 140/90mmHg, but the 24-hour average.
Recessive hypertension: Go to a medical institution for blood pressure measurement.
(2) Standard method of blood pressure measurement
Outpatient blood pressure, self-measured blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure.
Second, the risk factors of hypertension
1. high sodium and low potassium diet
2. Overweight and obesity
drink
4. Other risk factors (heredity, sex, age, overwork, psychological factors, hyperlipidemia, etc. )
The above is about the sharing of the chapter "Basic Knowledge" of health managers in 2020. I hope it will be helpful to all candidates. For more examination time nodes and preparation skills for health managers, please visit the global Ivy League website in time!