What are the main contents of neonatal health care? Many parents will worry that their parenting style is not comprehensive enough, and there will be happiness and trouble during their growth. After reading the main contents of neonatal health care, learn to enlighten the little angels at home!
What are the main contents of neonatal health care? 1 The baby's physical development at this age is not perfect and is easily influenced by the external environment. Therefore, parents should take good care of their babies, and improper care will affect their normal development. The behavior of parents to take this series of nursing measures for babies is called baby care. Baby care includes many aspects, such as baby touching, hip care, skin care, oral care, head care, facial care and so on.
1, umbilical nursing. The umbilical cord of newborns usually falls off after 1-7 days. Before the umbilical cord falls off, pay attention to check whether the gauze binding the umbilical cord has oozing blood. After the umbilical cord falls off, if there is blood or pus in the umbilical fossa, 75% alcohol can be used to smear the exudate and keep it dry so as to go to the hospital for treatment in time.
2, heat preservation. Because the newborn's function of regulating body temperature is poor, it is easy to get pneumonia, colds and other diseases because of catching cold, so it is necessary to maintain an ideal room temperature. Generally, 20-24 degrees Celsius is appropriate. The lower the weight of premature infants, the more attention should be paid to keeping warm. You can use a hot water bottle, and if possible, you can use air conditioning equipment to keep warm.
3. Oral hygiene. The oral mucosa of newborns is soft, rich in blood vessels and dry. Yellow and white spots are often seen on both sides of the maxillary midline and the gingival margin, which are caused by accumulation of epithelial cells or retention and swelling of mucous glands. This small spot is called epithelial bead, commonly known as horse tooth. Don't pick, don't rub. Picking and rubbing can cause local ulceration, and severe sepsis can occur.
4. Respiratory care. The characteristics of newborn's breathing are shallow and pleasant, with different rhythms. It is necessary to keep the newborn's respiratory tract unobstructed. If there is mucus in the nasal cavity, you can gently wipe it off with sterile cotton. When catching a cold, it often causes serious nasal congestion, which affects breastfeeding. You can use 0.5% ephedrine solution one drop at a time before breastfeeding. Adult nasal drops are strictly prohibited to avoid poisoning.
5, skin care. Fetal fat can protect the skin, and it can be gradually absorbed several hours after birth. Don't wash it. Newborns' skin is delicate and easy to be scratched and cause infection, especially the neck, armpits, thigh roots, buttocks and other parts, which should be cleaned every day to prevent infection.
6. Take a bath. Newborns have a strong metabolism, so taking a bath often can clean the skin and improve blood circulation. Take a bath, wash your face and neck, and then wash your whole body. Pay attention to the cleanliness of the folds behind the ear, neck, armpit, elbow and groin. Wash the vulva of the baby girl from front to back to prevent the feces around the anus from polluting the vagina and urethra. After taking a bath, dry your body with a dry towel and apply baby powder to the wrinkles on your skin.
7. Sleep. In addition to breastfeeding and washing, newborns are almost always in a state of sleep, and light should be avoided to directly stimulate the eyes during sleep. Sleep posture has a great relationship with the baby's health and body development. Studies have confirmed that babies who sleep on their backs for a long time are in the stage of shaping their body shape and appearance when they grow up. Most of them have good facial features and good faces.
8, medication. Newborns should be careful when using drugs. Treat diseases under the guidance of a doctor, and don't give drugs to children casually.
What are the main contents of neonatal health care? 2. Neonatal period is a special stage of infancy, and the focus of neonatal health care is to prevent hypoxia, asphyxia, hypothermia, frostbite and infection at birth, which can be divided into two categories:
First, care at birth. After delivery, newborns should quickly clean up oral mucus, ensure unobstructed respiratory tract, strictly sterilize and ligate umbilical cord, record Arrhenius score at birth, and then record breathing, heartbeat, body temperature, weight and length. If it is assessed as a critically ill newborn, it will be sent to the neonatal intensive care unit. Newborns should be screened for congenital metabolic diseases according to the neonatal screening regulations before they leave the hospital and go home. At present, there are congenital hypothyroidism, phenylketonuria and hearing screening.
Second, the family health care of newborns In winter, the indoor temperature should be kept at around 20℃-22℃ and the humidity should be 15% to ensure the normal body temperature of newborns. Advocate breast-feeding and guide mothers on the correct breast-feeding methods. The newborn's skin is delicate, so it should be kept clean to avoid injury. We should guide the mother to touch the newborn. Touching is beneficial to the development of nervous system in early newborns and promotes emotional communication between mother and child. Should try to avoid too much contact with outsiders, pay attention to umbilical care, to prevent infection. The above is the main content of neonatal health care.
What are the main contents of neonatal health care? 3 What should special infant care pay attention to?
Neonatal care
After birth, the fetus originally living in the mother's womb can only survive on its own. At birth, babies should receive basic care to help them breathe and clean their bodies.
After the basic care for newborns, the doctor will immediately conduct a comprehensive physical examination for the baby. At this time, the mother can also participate. If you have any questions, you'd better consult a doctor.
Nursing care of premature infants
Most premature babies weigh less than 2500 grams at birth. The mortality rate of premature infants is high, because the organs and systems of premature infants are immature and prone to various complications. Therefore, most premature babies need to receive treatment and care in the hospital for a period of time. Premature babies also need careful care when they are brought home.
Nursing care of children undergoing caesarean section
Newborns born by caesarean section will receive more attention than those born naturally. In addition to checking the baby's brain injury, the medical staff will also remind the new mother to pay more attention to whether the child is breastfeeding or not, and whether she likes to sleep. If she finds anything abnormal, she should consult a doctor in time.
At the same time, women who choose caesarean section will give birth later, and newborns generally can't eat breast milk on the first day of birth. In order to prevent the baby from hypoglycemia, it is necessary to feed the baby some sugar water or milk powder.
In addition, it is found that the incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice) in newborns by caesarean section is relatively high. Many investigation results show that many cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia have no other reasons except the mother's cesarean section. Although the mechanism of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia caused by caesarean section is still unclear, experts suggest that the micro-serum bilirubin of newborns by caesarean section should be actively monitored, and infants with high micro-serum bilirubin levels should be treated in time.