Physiological genetic factors mainly include genetic factors, bacterial or viral infection, brain injury or chemical poisoning, as well as physical diseases or physiological dysfunction.
(1) Genetic factors. Generally speaking, people's psychological activities cannot be inherited. However, as a whole with both body and mind, a person is closely related to genetic factors, especially a person's physical, temperament, intelligence, neural process and other characteristics, which are more obviously influenced by genetic factors.
(2) Bacterial or viral infection. Clinical studies have proved that infectious diseases of the central nervous system, such as typhus and epidemic encephalitis, cause organic psychological disorder or mental disorder due to the damage of germs and viruses to nerve tissue structure, which can inhibit psychological development and cause mental retardation or dementia.
(3) brain injury or chemical poisoning. Concussion and brain contusion caused by various reasons can lead to psychological obstacles such as consciousness disorder, amnesia, speech disorder and personality change; Harmful chemicals invade the human body and poison the central nervous system, such as alcoholism, food poisoning, gas poisoning and drug poisoning. , but also lead to psychological disorders or mental disorders.
(four) serious physical illness or physiological dysfunction. For example, the most prominent endocrine disorders, such as thyroid dysfunction and hyperthyroidism, often have psychological abnormalities such as sensitivity, irritability, irritability, emotional impulse, and weakened self-control; Excessive adrenaline secretion can cause mania, while insufficient adrenaline secretion may lead to depression.
Second, family factors.
Family has a great influence on the physical and mental health of primary school students. Mainly include: bad family environment factors, improper family education methods, family tension.
(1) Bad family. A large number of studies at home and abroad show that bad family environment factors can easily cause abnormal psychological behavior of family members. For example, the main family members are incomplete, such as parents' death, parents' divorce or separation, and parents' remarriage.
(2) Improper family education. Such as autocracy, coercion, or connivance, laissez-faire, etc.; There are family changes, accidents and so on.
(3) family relations are tense. For example, the relationship between parents, mother-in-law, sister-in-law, brothers and sisters is not harmonious, the family emotional atmosphere is indifferent, and conflicts occur frequently.
Third, the school factor.
School is the main place for students to study and live, and students spend most of their time in school. Therefore, school life has a great influence on students' physical and mental health. School factors mainly include: excessive study burden, improper educational methods, and disharmony in interpersonal relationships, which will make students feel depressed, nervous and anxious. If it is not adjusted in time, it will cause psychological obstacles and lead to psychological obstacles. Improper handling will affect students' physical and mental health development.
(A) improper educational methods. The research materials show that if the idea of school education is incorrect and only a few top students are concerned, most students will feel inferior or rebellious.
(2) The study burden is too heavy. Excessive learning burden will cause students to be tired and afraid of learning, and promote the development of depression and stubborn behavior of some students.
(3) Bad interpersonal relationship. If a pupil can be accepted, affirmed and respected by teachers and classmates, his body and mind will develop healthily. On the contrary, it will form a sense of inferiority or hostility, which will affect their mental health development.
Fourth, social factors.
Social factors mainly include politics, economy, culture and education, social relations and so on. These factors play an important role in a person's survival and development.
(1) political system factors. First of all, the political system of the national society has a certain influence on the mental health of primary school students, which basically determines their social environment to a certain extent and has an impact on their body and mind.
(2) Economic factors. The economic situation in society or people's attitude towards the material world unconsciously affects the world outlook and values of primary school students, thus affecting their mental health.
(3) Cultural education. According to research, there are more hysteria patients in areas with low educational level, while depression is more common in areas with developed culture. This is also an example of social and cultural factors affecting people's mental health.
(4) social relations. All kinds of unhealthy thoughts, emotions and behaviors in social life seriously poison students' minds. Especially at present, the communication between people is increasingly extensive, the role of various social media is increasing, the tension in life is increasing, and contradictions, conflicts and competition are intensifying. These phenomena will increase students' psychological burden and inner contradictions, and affect their physical and mental health.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) personal factors
Personal factors that affect pupils' mental health mainly include: physical quality, life and health habits, early experience, psychological conflict and frustration tolerance.
(1) Physical quality and living hygiene habits. Generally speaking, pupils with good physique are energetic, flexible and coordinated, with strong adaptability and immunity, which can effectively cope with various pressures and reduce the adverse effects on body and mind.
(2) Early experience. If a person has not received enough care from his parents since childhood, or lives in an incomplete family, he will have a strong sense of insecurity, which may affect his life and make him often anxious.
(3) Psychological conflict. Many psychodynamicists believe that unresolved psychological conflicts are the enemies of health. Psychological conflict will make individuals anxious and disappointed, cause inner pain, and even become a direct cause of mental illness.
(4) the ability to withstand setbacks. Frustration tolerance is an important factor for a person to maintain mental health. The negative reaction after individual frustration often becomes the direct cause of pupils' psychological and behavioral problems.