Knowledge of correct feeding for newborns? In fact, breastfeeding is also a science. Although this kind of behavior seems simple, it is actually very hard. Many novice mothers don't know much about breastfeeding. Let's share the correct feeding knowledge of newborns and have a look.
Correct feeding knowledge of newborns 1 infant feeding knowledge
1. Correct chest holding posture: first aim the baby's nose at the nipple, then wrap the areola with the lower lip, and finally hold the whole areola (incorrect chest holding posture will lead to nipple rupture).
2. Keep the baby's head, neck and back in a straight line when feeding.
3. Suck early and start early (try to feed within half an hour after delivery, it will be more difficult to feed too late and start breastfeeding)
4. For the first child, it usually takes 72 to 120 hours to give milk. Only colostrum can be fed before giving milk, and no extra milk powder and water are needed.
5. How to stimulate lactation: let the baby suck more and get in close contact with the baby. If the baby can't suck it out, suck it with a breast pump, drink more boiled water, and don't drink all kinds of oil and water.
6. Diet should be light in the first week after delivery. If you eat milk soup too early, it is easy to block milk and suffer from mastitis. Pay attention to a balanced diet after breastfeeding, don't make up, don't drink alcohol.
7, blocking milk dredging strategy: keep hot compress with a towel and massage the breast.
8, how to prevent breast pain: Even if the baby does not want to eat milk, it is necessary to suck out excess milk in time every two or three hours to empty the breast.
9. How to protect the nipple: squeeze out a little milk and apply it to the nipple or use nipple cream after each feeding. The nipple protector can be used after the nipple is damaged.
10, the feeding interval is generally within 15 days: 2h, 15-45 days: 2h, 45-60 days: 3h, 60-90 days: 3h, and 90 days later: 4h.
1 1. Consequences of feeding too frequently: poor sleep quality during the day, easy to get sleepy at night (the more sleepy the newborn, the more energetic it is).
10 month infant feeding plan
Under normal circumstances, a baby of 10 month can be fed breast milk or 200ml of milk powder at six o'clock in the morning. At 8 o'clock, parents can also let their babies eat fruit or grind their teeth while eating breakfast, which is about100g. By 10, the baby can drink porridge and eat eggs. If the baby has a big appetite, he can also eat some steamed bread. Let him eat about 30 grams of bean products or minced meat at 12.
In the afternoon 14, let the baby eat some soft rice and half an egg, and add 30 grams of minced meat. 16 o'clock, let him eat some snacks and drink more juice. 18 o'clock, the baby can eat soy products and noodles. Of course, at eight o'clock in the evening, you can also let them eat some food that grinds their teeth, about 100 mg.
The baby is only 10 month. At this time, they don't know how to eat and need the help of their parents. Parents must arrange their diet.
Knowledge of correct feeding of newborns II. Little is known about neonatal feeding.
Infant feeding method
The newborn babies are mainly breast-fed, artificial feeding and mixed feeding. Among them, breastfeeding refers to
Breastfeeding newborns is the best way. Artificial feeding means that when the mother can't breastfeed for various reasons, she can use baby milk powder or other milk substitutes made from animal milk such as cattle and sheep for artificial feeding; Mixed feeding refers to feeding with milk, goat milk and other milk substitutes when the mother's milk is insufficient and she can't feed for many times.
Nutrition for newborns
Neonatal period is also a critical period for the development of the central nervous system, which requires balanced and rich long-chain unsaturated fatty acids to provide appropriate nutrition and information stimulation, so that the brain can get the best development. In addition, the smaller the baby, the faster it grows and the more protein it needs. However, the newborn's stomach capacity is small and its digestive function is immature, which means that the baby should take enough high-quality protein, especially the easily digestible whey protein.
Newborns need the following nutrients every day:
1, protein: Full-term infants need about 2-3 grams per kilogram of body weight every day.
2. Fat: The total daily requirement is 9 ~ 17g/100 calories. Unsaturated fatty acids in breast milk account for 5 1%, of which 75% can be absorbed, while unsaturated fatty acids in milk only account for 34%. Linseed acid and arachidonic acid are essential fatty acids. Flaxseed acid deficiency leads to rash and growth retardation, while arachidonic acid synthesizes prostaglandin.
3. Amino acids: The nine essential amino acids are lysine, arginine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and tryptophan. Newborns must take enough of these nine amino acids every day.
4. Heat energy: In the first week after birth, the full-term baby needs about 250 ~ 335 kilojoules per kilogram of body weight every day; In the second week after birth, you need about 335 ~ 420 kilojoules per kilogram of body weight every day; It takes about 420 ~ 500 kilojoules per kilogram of body weight every day in the third week and above after birth.
5. Sugar: Full-term infants need 17 ~ 34g/100 calories of sugar every day. The sugar in breast milk is lactose, and the sugar and lactose in milk each account for about half.
6. Minerals, macroelements and trace elements.
Sodium: Salt is sodium chloride, which provides necessary sodium for human body. Mother should not eat anything too salty during breastfeeding, but it doesn't mean that sodium is completely unnecessary. It is not right for lactating mothers not to eat salt at all in the second month, and newborns also need salt.
Potassium: Potassium in dairy products can meet the needs of newborns. Chlorine: Chlorine is absorbed together with sodium and potassium. Calcium and phosphorus: 50% ~ 70% of calcium in breast milk is absorbed in the intestines of newborns; The absorption rate of milk calcium is only 20%. Therefore, breast feeding is not easy to lack calcium, and milk feeding is easy to lack calcium. Phosphorus absorption is good and it is not easy to lack.
Magnesium: magnesium deficiency affects calcium balance.
Iron: the iron content in breast milk and milk is not high, and the iron in milk is not easy to absorb, so it is easier to lack iron when feeding.
Zinc: There is little zinc deficiency in the neonatal period, and generally no additional supplement is needed. Hair zinc can not represent the blood zinc situation at that time. Therefore, don't measure the blood zinc at that time by sending zinc. Low hair zinc does not mean low blood zinc, but should be based on blood zinc.
7. Vitamins: Newborns born to healthy pregnant women rarely lack vitamins, so they don't need extra supplements. If the expectant mother is seriously deficient in vitamin intake during pregnancy, the placental function is low, and she is premature, the newborn may lack vitamin D, C, E and folic acid.
Vitamin K: Vitamin K deficiency can cause spontaneous hemorrhage or delayed V-K deficiency hemorrhage in newborns. Especially for infants who are exclusively breastfed, the probability of occurrence is relatively high. Therefore, routine intramuscular injection of V-K 1 1 0 mg after birth plays a preventive role. Premature infants are prone to V-K deficiency due to the late growth of intestinal bacteria and immature liver function. Vitamin K 1 mg should be supplemented daily, three times in a row.
Vitamin D: Although the newborn stores a certain amount of vitamin D at birth, it can't get enough sunshine and eat food outdoors, so vitamin D deficiency infantile tetany and infantile rickets may occur in infancy. Vitamin d should be supplemented from half a month after birth, with a daily dose of 400 international units.
Vitamin E: Premature babies need to be supplemented, 30mg a day. Excessive vitamin A: When supplementing vitamin D, some people choose cod liver oil preparation, that is, vitamin AD agent. If the proportion is improper, there may be excessive vitamin A and even poisoning.
How to feed newborns
Normal newborns should start sucking their mother's nipples within half an hour after birth, and no later than 2 hours after birth, because early sucking can promote milk secretion; Breastfeeding can be based on the baby's needs, without emphasizing the timing. If you can't breastfeed for some reason, you can use formula milk, the dose is 60 ~ 90 ml, once every 4 hours. Sugar water is not recommended, and a small amount of boiled water can be fed if necessary.
Matters needing attention in neonatal feeding
1, the correct feeding method. When feeding, it is best for the mother to pick up the baby and let the baby lie in her arms. The mother should hold the nipple gently with the separated index finger and middle finger, and press down the breast at the same time to prevent the breast from blocking the child's nostrils and obstructing breathing, and also to prevent the baby from being choked by the milk because the milk flow rate is too fast. Eat the empty side first, then the other side. Let the baby suck the milk empty every time you feed, so as to promote the next milk secretion. Wash your hands before each feeding, wash your nipples with warm water and keep them clean locally. Mom should also change her underwear frequently, take a bath frequently and maintain personal hygiene.
2, feeding should be timed so that the baby's digestive system can work regularly. If the child cries and feeds, it is neither regular nor quantitative, and the child will have digestive dysfunction, which will affect digestion and absorption and even directly affect the child's growth and development. Newborns can be breastfed every 3 hours, such as 6: 00 am, 9: 00 am, 12, 3: 00 pm, 6: 00 pm, 12, and 3: 00 pm.
3, milk powder should be mixed with milk powder, it is easy to have an inappropriate ratio, too thin or too thick. Too thin makes the content of protein lower. In the long run, children will be malnourished, and newborns will be poisoned by water if they eat dilute milk for a long time. So it's too thick, okay No, too strong milk contains more minerals, especially sodium salt. Neonates have poor renal function and sodium can't be discharged. Too much sodium can cause brain cell edema, which is called salt poisoning. Just like the consequences of water poisoning, it can also cause convulsions. Therefore, attention should be paid to the preparation of milk powder.