Is blood sugar content 7.4 diabetes? What should I pay attention to when eating?

Nutrition experts believe that, first of all, diabetics are forbidden to eat sweets and various fruits, because glucose and sucrose are digested and absorbed quickly, which will increase blood sugar after eating; Also eat less foods with high carbohydrate content, such as sweet potatoes, potatoes and lotus roots. It's best not to drink either. People with diabetes can eat more high-fiber foods to promote the body's sugar metabolism. Such as corn, wheat, Chinese cabbage, leek, bean products, etc. Vegetables with low sugar content. Such as leek, zucchini, wax gourd, pumpkin, green vegetables, green peppers, eggplant and so on. Tomatoes, on the other hand, have low sugar content and can be used as both vegetables and fruits. Eat more foods containing calcium. Calcium deficiency will aggravate the condition of diabetic patients. Such as shrimp skin, kelp, ribs, sesame sauce, soybeans, milk and so on. Foods rich in selenium. Selenium has the same physiological activity as insulin in regulating glucose metabolism. Such as fish, mushrooms, sesame, garlic, mustard and so on. , can lower blood sugar and improve diabetes symptoms. Foods rich in vitamin B and vitamin C, supplementing these two elements is beneficial to slow down the process of diabetic complications and reduce diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Such as fish, milk, cabbage, beans, vegetables, mustard greens, kale, green peppers, fresh dates and so on. In addition, pumpkin, bitter gourd, onion, eel and so on. It can obviously improve the symptoms of patients with polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria, and has the functions of lowering blood sugar and regulating blood sugar concentration, which is suitable for polyphagia. Diabetes is a common chronic non-infectious disease, which is caused by the absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body, which leads to the increase of blood sugar concentration, and then a large amount of sugar is excreted from urine, which is manifested as polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, emaciation, dizziness, fatigue and other symptoms. Diabetes will further lead to a variety of serious acute and chronic complications, causing damage to many systems in the body, especially blood vessels and nerves. Diabetes has become one of the three major killers of human health, which seriously threatens human health. Among them, diabetic foot is one of the most common complications, which often leads to disability and even death. Dietary principles of diabetics Modern medicine has proved that after normal people eat, with the increase of blood sugar, insulin secretion also increases, so that blood sugar drops and remains within the normal range, so diabetes will not occur. However, due to the decline of islet function, insulin secretion in diabetic patients is absolutely or relatively insufficient, and insulin cannot increase with the increase of blood sugar after eating, which can not effectively reduce blood sugar, so blood sugar exceeds the normal range. At this time, if you eat like a normal person, do not control your diet, or even overeat, your blood sugar will rise too high, which will adversely affect the islet tissue that is already under-secreted, making the islet function lower and insulin secretion lower, thus further aggravating the condition. Therefore, diabetics should control their diet reasonably. Dietotherapy is the basis of treating all kinds of sugar laziness, and it is also one of the most fundamental treatments for diabetes. No matter what type of diabetes is, the severity of the disease or whether there are complications, whether it is treated with insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs, it is necessary to strictly carry out and adhere to diet control for a long time. For obese patients with type 2 diabetes or elderly mild cases, diet therapy can be used as the main treatment method, and proper oral hypoglycemic drugs can achieve the purpose of effectively controlling the disease. For type I diabetes and severe cases, it is necessary to actively control diet on the basis of insulin and other drugs in order to effectively control blood sugar and prevent the disease from getting worse. Therefore, diet therapy is the basic treatment of diabetes, which must be strictly observed. 1. The purpose of dietotherapy (1) is to reduce the burden of islets, make blood sugar and blood lipids reach or approach normal values, and prevent or delay the occurrence and development of cardiovascular complications. (2) Keep healthy so that adults can engage in various normal activities and children can grow and develop normally. (3) maintain a normal weight. Reducing the energy intake of obese people can improve the sensitivity of receptors to insulin. Thin people can increase their resistance to infection by gaining weight. 2. Main points of dietotherapy application (1) Dietotherapy is the basic therapy for diabetes, the premise of all treatment methods, and it is suitable for all types of diabetic patients. Mild cases can achieve good results mainly through diet therapy, and moderate and severe patients must also apply physiotherapy and drug therapy reasonably on the basis of diet therapy. Only by controlling diet, oral hypoglycemic drugs or islets can play a good role. Otherwise, it is difficult to achieve good results in clinic by blindly relying on so-called new drugs and drugs and ignoring diet therapy. (2) Dietotherapy should be flexibly adjusted and mastered according to the condition. Thin patients can relax appropriately to ensure the total calories. Obese patients must strictly control their diet and focus on a low-calorie fat diet to lose weight. For patients treated with insulin, we should pay attention to adding meals at 9 ~ 10, 3 ~ 4 pm or before going to bed as appropriate to prevent hypoglycemia. When manual labor or activities are long, attention should also be paid to appropriately increasing staple food or dinner. (3) Dietotherapy should be scientific and reasonable, neither too much nor too little. Just don't be arbitrary, too strict, and dare not eat any carbohydrates. On the contrary, it will aggravate your condition and even cause ketosis. We should strictly calculate according to our own conditions, weight, height, etc., and arrange our diet scientifically and reasonably under the premise of controlling the total calories, so as to meet the minimum needs of the human body and control the total calories. (4) Arrange staple food and non-staple food scientifically, and don't just pay attention to staple food and despise non-staple food. Although staple food is the main source of blood sugar and should be controlled, some protein and fat in non-staple food can also become blood sugar and become the source of blood sugar. In metabolism, 58% of protein and 10% of fat become glucose. Eating too much of this kind of non-staple food will also make people fat, which is not good for their illness. Therefore, in addition to reasonable control of staple food, non-staple food should also be reasonably matched, otherwise the expected effect will not be achieved. (5) Choosing foods suitable for diabetics is also very important to control diabetes. Pay attention to the following two points: ① The foods that are not suitable for eating are: Ⅰ. Foods that can easily raise blood sugar rapidly: white sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, glucose, maltose, honey, chocolate, toffee, fruit candy, candied fruit, canned fruit, soft drinks, fruit juice, sweet drinks, jam, ice cream, sweet biscuits, cakes, sweet bread and sweets made of sugar. Ii. Foods that are easy to raise blood lipids: butter, sheep oil, lard, butter, cream and fat. For foods rich in cholesterol, special attention should be paid to using them less or not to prevent the occurrence of atherosclerotic heart disease. Iii. it is not advisable to drink alcohol. Because the alcohol contained in the wine contains no other nutrients, it only provides heat energy, and each gram of alcohol produces about 7 kilocalories (294 joules), which is harmful to the liver and easy to cause the increase of serum triglycerides. A few patients who take sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs are prone to palpitation, shortness of breath and blushing after drinking. Note that insulin patients who drink alcohol on an empty stomach are prone to hypoglycemia. For the safety of patients, it is best not to drink alcohol. 2 Suitable foods: mainly foods that can delay the increase of blood sugar and blood lipid. Ⅰ. Soybean and its products: These foods are rich in protein, inorganic salts and vitamins. There are more unsaturated fatty acids in soybean oil, which can reduce blood cholesterol and triglycerides, and the sitosterol contained in them also has lipid-lowering effect. Ⅱ. Coarse miscellaneous sugar: such as naked oats powder, buckwheat powder, hot cereal, corn flour, etc. contain various trace elements, vitamin B and dietary fiber. Experiments show that they can delay the rise of blood sugar. Corn flour, soybean flour and white flour can be made into steamed bread, pancakes and noodles in a ratio of 2: 2: 1. If you stop using it for a long time, it will not only help reduce blood sugar and fat, but also reduce hunger. (6) People with diabetes should eat less or not eat fruit. Because fruit contains more carbohydrates, mainly glucose, sucrose and starch. Rapid digestion and absorption after eating will lead to a rapid increase in blood sugar, which is not good for diabetic patients. Therefore, diabetic patients generally should not eat more fruits. But because fruit contains more pectin, pectin can delay the absorption of glucose, so you can eat less fruit when your condition is stable. Choose the principle of low sugar when eating fruit. At the same time, according to its sugar content, calculate its heat energy. Convert it into staple food, reduce or deduct the amount of staple food, and keep the total calories unchanged. Fruit should not be eaten at every meal, and it is generally considered that it is more appropriate to eat a small amount between meals (when blood sugar drops). There is a nutrient composition table, which should be selected according to the condition. (7) Diabetic patients should also limit the cholesterol content in their diet. When the condition of diabetic patients is not well controlled, it is easy to increase serum cholesterol, which will lead to diabetic vascular complications and disease-free coronary heart disease. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the intake of cholesterol in the diet of diabetic patients, and it is generally advocated that the limit of cholesterol is below 300 mg per day. Therefore, fat meat and animal viscera, such as heart, liver, kidney and brain, should not be used or used sparingly in clinic, because these foods are rich in cholesterol. And eat more lean meat, fish and shrimp, which are high-protein and low-fat foods. Strict diet control is the prerequisite and the most important part of treating diabetes. Doctors found in clinical practice that patients often can't play their due role because of poor diet control. The principles of diet control are as follows: 1. Break the misconception that you can eat more if you eat more hypoglycemic drugs. 2. Eat less and eat more. It not only ensures the supply of calories and nutrients, but also avoids the peak of postprandial blood sugar. 3. Carbohydrate foods should be eaten according to regulations, neither less nor more, and should be balanced (carbohydrates refer to sugar in food, vegetables, milk, fruits, bean products and hard fruits). There is no difference between eating dessert and salty dessert, both of which will lead to high blood sugar. The amount of "diabetic food" should be equal to that of ordinary food. "Diabetic food" refers to foods with high dietary fiber, such as buckwheat and oats. Although these foods take a long time to digest and absorb, they will eventually become glucose. 6. The so-called "sugar-free food" is essentially a food without sucrose. Some foods use sweeteners instead of sucrose, but you still can't eat them casually. 7. Vegetables with starch as the main component should be included in the staple food. These vegetables include potato, sweet potato, lotus root, yam, water chestnut, taro, lily, water chestnut, arrowhead and so on. 8. Beans other than soybeans, such as red beans, mung beans, broad beans, kidney beans and peas, are mainly composed of starch, so they should also be counted as staple foods. 9. Eat non-staple food in moderation. 10. Hard fruits such as peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds and pine nuts cannot be used to satisfy hunger. 1 1. Eat more foods containing dietary fiber. 12. Eat less salt. 13. Eat less foods containing cholesterol. 14. About eating fruit. Patients with better blood sugar control can eat fruits with lower sugar content, such as apples, pears, oranges, oranges and strawberries, but the amount should not be too much. The time to eat fruit should be when blood sugar is low between meals. If you eat fruit in the future, it is equivalent to adding meals, and your blood sugar will rise immediately. In addition, after eating watermelon, sugar is absorbed quickly, so try not to eat it. Banana has a high starch content and should be counted as a staple food. 15. Sweeteners will not be converted into glucose and will not affect the change of blood sugar, so they cannot be used as self-help food for hypoglycemia. 16. Diabetic patients should not limit drinking water. Chinese medicine prescription 1 gypsum 30g, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi 10g, Cortex Lycii and Rhizoma Anemarrhenae each 15g, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Ophiopogonis, Trichosanthis Radix and polished round-grained rice 20g, and Radix Glycyrrhizae 8g. Preparation and usage: decoction, daily 1 dose. Indications: 20g of Radix Rehmanniae, 20g of Rhizoma Dioscoreae, 20g of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Puerariae10g, 0/2g of clam powder, pumice15g of pollen, 5g of endothelium corneum Gigeriae Galli. Usage: Indications: 30g of adzuki bean and 40g of yam. Pig pancreas 1 usage: decocted, daily 1 dose, depending on the degree of blood sugar reduction. Indications: diabetes prescription 4: 50 grams of watermelon seeds and 30 grams of japonica rice. Usage: Mash watermelon seeds with water, add water to decoct to get juice, and then add rice to cook porridge. Help yourself. Indications: Prescription 5: Watermelon peel and winter melon peel 15g, Trichosanthes root 12g. Method: decoct. Half a cup twice a day. Indications: prescription for relieving thirst and turbid urine: raw cogongrass rhizome 60-90g. Usage: decoct. Tea substitute, daily 1 dose, continuous 10 days. Indications: No.7 prescription for diabetes: Chinese yam and Trichosanthes root. Usage: decoct in water, 30 grams a day. Indications: diabetes prescription 8 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo Indications: Xiaoke Duoniao recipe 9: Ge Fen 30g, Trichosanthes root 30g, pig pancreas 1. Usage: First, slice pig pancreas with water, mix it with Ge Fen and Trichosanthes root, and take it three times a day. Indications: 65,438+00g of Xiaoke Duoyin Duoshi Recipe, 65,438+00g of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, 65,438+00g of Radix Codonopsis, 30g of Gypsum Fibrosum, 65,438+02g of Radix Scrophulariae and 65,438+08g of Radix Rehmanniae. Usage: Indications: 65,438+065,438+stomach fluid syndrome of diabetes. Radix Asparagi, Fructus Rosae Laevigatae, Ootheca Mantidis and Semen Astragali Complanati each 65438 00 g, Fructus Corni and Semen Euryales each 65438 05 g, and Rhizoma Dioscoreae 30 g Usage: Decoction: Prescription of Diabetic Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome 12g. Usage: decoction: diabetes. Radix Puerariae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Astragali, Herba Leonuri and Rhizoma Dioscoreae each 30g, Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Rhizoma Atractylodis each 65438 02g. Usage: decoction: 9 grams each of Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix Pseudostellariae and Radix Rehmanniae, and 6 grams of Radix Trichosanthis. Usage: * * Grind into powder. Take it with 14g water three times a day. Indications: Diabetes with Deficiency of both Qi and Yin 15 Prescription: Polygonatum sibiricum, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Radix Rehmanniae, Scrophulariae, Ophiopogon japonicus, Radix Puerariae, Trichosanthis Radix and Radix Astragali. Preparation and usage: decoction, daily 1 dose. Indications: diabetic nephropathy with deficiency of both liver and kidney qi and yin and depression syndrome prescription 16 silkworm cocoon 50g. Usage: support silkworm chrysalis and decoct in water. Drink tea instead, daily 1 dose. Indications: Diabetes mellitus is thirsty and drinks too much, and urine sugar continues to decrease. Prescription 17 Pig Pancreas 1 Usage: low-temperature drying for powder and honey refining for pills. Take 15g with boiling water every time, and take it regularly. Indications: Xiaoke Fang 18, Radix Asparagi, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Radix Paeoniae Rubra each 15g, Radix Scutellariae and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (below) each 10g, Rhizoma Coptidis 6g, Cortex Moutan 12g, Radix Scrophulariae 30g and Stigma Maydis 60g. Usage: Indications: Diabetes with excessive stomach heat. Usage: Rhizoma Coptidis 10 g decoction. Indications: Prescription for relieving thirst, diuresis and hunger 20 Laosong tea 10 g. Usage: Take it with boiling water. Drink tea instead. Indications: Xiaoke Fang 2 1 Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Astragali each 15g, Sweet Potato Meat, Fructus Psoraleae and Fructus Schisandrae each 10g, Radix Scrophulariae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae each 12g, Rhizoma Atractylodis 6 g and Cortex Cinnamomi 3 g. Radix Codonopsis and Radix Astragali are added for patients with qi deficiency; Radix Curcumae and Herba Artemisiae Scopariae are added for patients with liver depression; Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Fructus Lycii and Fructus Corni are added for premature senility. Indications: Xiaoke Fang 23 fresh pig pancreas 1, Coix seed 50 g or Astragalus membranaceus 100 g Usage: Wash pig pancreas with clear water, cut it into several pieces, then put it in a bowl with Coix seed and drown it with water. Stew in an iron pan over water, add appropriate amount of salt, and adjust the indications: diabetes prescription 24: fresh celery and radish 500g, wax gourd 1000g, mung bean and pear 120g. Two production methods: First, the celery and wax gourd are boiled in water, wrapped with white gauze to get juice, and cooked with mung beans, pears and radishes. Indications: Xiaoke Fang 25 Fructus Cnidii, Lotus Seed, Cornus officinalis and Dictamni Radicis each 65438±00g, Alpinia oxyphylla, Mulberry, Radix Astragali Preparata, Rhizoma Dioscoreae and Caulis Lonicerae each 30g, Poria 65438±05g, Galla Chinensis, Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli (ground) each 6g, and Notoginseng (ground) each 3g. Trichosanthes root is added to thirsty people, and hawthorn fruit is added to loose stool people. Indications: 30g of Rhizoma Atractylodis, 30g of Radix Scrophulariae and 30g of Radix Astragali for diabetes, and 65438 00g of Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Ophiopogonis, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Galla Chinensis, Os Draconis and Poria. Usage: decoct in water. Indications: Decoction: Prescription 28: Dry Portulaca oleracea L. is used to treat diabetes with qi and yin stasis syndrome. Usage: decoct in water. Daily 1 dose, generally taking 1-2 weeks to turn negative after urine sugar. Indications: Diabetes prescription: 29 loaches 10 tablets, 3 dried lotus leaves. Usage: dry loach in the shade and grind it into powder, and mix it with lotus leaf powder evenly. Take 10g each time, three times a day. Diabetes is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly people. If it is not well controlled, it will cause some complications. Treatment is usually a combination of diet, exercise and medicine, among which diet therapy is the basis of all treatments. For mild diabetes, only diet therapy can control the condition. The basic principle of dietotherapy is to estimate the total calories needed according to the patient's weight and activity, and arrange the daily diet reasonably. Don't eat foods with high sugar content, eat less foods containing fat and starch, mainly vegetables and miscellaneous grains, with a certain amount of high-quality protein foods such as lean meat, milk, eggs and bean products. Fruit contains sugar, can I eat fruit? It is not appropriate to eat fruit at all, because fruit contains a lot of vitamins, cellulose and minerals, which is beneficial to diabetics. The sugars contained in fruits are glucose, fructose and sucrose, among which fructose does not need insulin to participate in metabolism. Therefore, diabetic patients do not reject fruits after their blood sugar is controlled. Moreover, the sugar content of fruits is different and cannot be treated equally. The foods below 100g 10g are: dark plum, watermelon, melon, coconut milk, orange, lemon, grape, peach, plum, apricot, loquat, pineapple, strawberry, sugarcane, coconut, cherry, olive and so on. , available for diabetics to choose from. Fruits with sugar content of 1 1-20g include bananas, pomegranates, grapefruit, oranges, apples, pears, lychees and mangoes. So choose carefully. There are dates and red fruits over 20g, especially dried dates, candied dates, dried persimmons, raisins, dried apricots and longan. It is forbidden to eat because of its high sugar content. Many vegetables can be eaten as fruits, such as tomatoes, cucumbers and melons. Every 100 grams of food contains less than 5 grams of sugar and is rich in vitamins. Can completely replace fruits, is suitable for diabetics and can be popularized. In addition, the amount of food should be matched, not the same. Watermelon contains 4% sugar, pear contains 12% sugar and banana contains 20% sugar. Watermelon contains less sugar, but if you eat 500 grams, it is equivalent to banana 100 grams and pear 170 grams, so you should not eat more. You should also pay attention to the way you eat fruit. Don't eat immediately after meals, but eat between meals or before going to bed. It is best to try to eat, that is, to measure urine sugar 2 hours after meals. If urine sugar increases, it needs to be reduced; If urine sugar is still high after fruit reduction, the amount of staple food should be reduced appropriately. Dietary precautions for diabetes: 1. The staple food of diabetics is generally rice and flour. Coarse grains such as oats, cereals and corn flour contain more inorganic salts and vitamins, and are also rich in dietary fiber, which has the function of lowering blood sugar and is conducive to controlling blood sugar. 2. The protein source of diabetic patients is soybean and its bean products. On the one hand, its protein is of good quality; On the other hand, it contains no cholesterol and has the function of lowering blood fat, so it can replace some animal foods, such as meat. 3. When diabetics are still hungry during calorie control, they can eat vegetables with less sugar, add some seasonings after boiling with water, and they can eat. Vegetables are essential foods for diabetics because of their high dietary fiber, high water content, low thermal energy and strong satiety. 4. Foods forbidden to eat include: white sugar, red pond, glucose and sugary sweets, such as candy, cakes, jam, candied fruit, ice cream and sweet drinks. In addition, there are potatoes, yams, taro, lotus roots, garlic sprouts, carrots and so on. , containing more carbohydrates, using less after eating or reducing the corresponding staple food. 5. Lard, butter, foreign oil, cream, butter, etc. Those rich in saturated fatty acids are seldom used, so it is better not to use them. Vegetable oil can be used instead of some animal oil. Peanuts, walnuts, sesame seeds and melon seeds also contain a lot of fat. Try not to eat or eat less or reduce oil intake. 6. Egg yolk and viscera of animals such as liver, brain and waist contain quite high cholesterol and should be used as little as possible or not. 7. Fruit contains glucose and fructose, which can raise blood sugar, so when blood sugar and urine sugar are relatively stable, fasting blood sugar.