Sudden cardiac death refers to the natural death caused by the heart and characterized by loss of consciousness within 1 hour after the onset of acute symptoms.
Its onset is sudden, and the success rate of rescue is extremely low (less than 1%). In particular, patients with ischemic heart disease over 40 years old are the most common, and others include ruptured aortic aneurysm, hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (mainly myocarditis) and heart valve disease.
The direct causes of sudden death are myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, atrioventricular block and preexcitation syndrome.
In winter, due to the stimulation of cold, people's sympathetic nerves will be excited, the whole body capillaries will contract, and the blood circulation resistance will increase, which will lead to a sudden increase in blood pressure, a faster heartbeat, an increase in myocardial oxygen consumption, coronary artery spasm, and a decrease in coronary blood flow, which will easily lead to thrombosis, thus easily inducing myocardial infarction. Therefore, winter is more likely to lead to sudden death.
There is no special medicine and means to prevent sudden death, and we can only stop it by finding risk factors in time and taking necessary preventive measures. Especially for middle-aged and elderly people who usually suffer from hypertension and coronary heart disease, it is necessary to strengthen prevention.
Live a regular life
Life should be regular, ensure adequate and high-quality sleep (not less than 7 hours a day), try not to stay up late, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, pay attention to rest in time, and don't be overworked.
emotional stability
We should maintain a peaceful, optimistic and open-minded attitude and avoid all kinds of bad mental stimulation, especially to prevent and avoid rage and excessive sadness.
quick
Patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes should pay special attention to diet control, don't overeat, and it is best to eat only 70% to 80% full every meal. The three-meal diet should be low in fat (in the total calorie intake, the calorie of fat should be below 30%), low in salt (below 6 grams per day) and low in sugar, and should eat as many vegetables (especially leafy vegetables) and fruits as possible? Three highs? .
Quit smoking and limit alcohol.
Smokers are at least twice as likely to suffer from coronary heart disease as non-smokers. Nicotine in cigarettes can damage the inner wall of arteries, accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis and aggravate myocardial hypoxia, which is an important factor of sudden death. The study also shows that if a person drinks 2 cups (more than 2 cups) a day, the incidence of sudden cardiac death will increase by more than 15%. Therefore, we must give up smoking and limit alcohol and change all bad living habits.
Appropriate exercise
We should insist on proper, gradual and persistent exercise, such as Tai Ji Chuan, walking and fitness dancing, and it is best not to do strenuous exercise, because strenuous exercise is also an important cause of sudden death.
Control weight
Obesity can lead to many diseases. Studies have shown that when the body weight exceeds 20% of normal, the risk of heart disease increases by more than 1 times. Therefore, obese patients should shut up, spread their legs and try to control their weight within 20% of the standard weight.
Pay attention to decompression
Excessive and persistent psychological stress is an important cause of sudden death in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, we should pay attention to maintain a peaceful and optimistic attitude, make more friends, tell our friends and colleagues what is on our minds, release the pressure in our hearts in time, and avoid being too excited and sad.
Prevention of constipation
Patients with constipation, hypertension and coronary heart disease who hold their breath too hard during defecation will die of acute myocardial infarction (crosstalk master Ma Ji died on the toilet). Therefore, usually eat more foods with moisturizing effect and rich dietary fiber to keep the stool unobstructed.
Cold and warm
Pay attention to the weather changes, especially the weather where strong winds cool down and cold waves pass, and pay special attention to cold protection and warmth. Room temperature should be kept above 65438 08℃. In the case of abnormal weather, the elderly should not go out to exercise in the morning. Take medicine when necessary and pay attention to prevention and treatment.
Regular health examination
Middle-aged and elderly people should have regular physical examinations (2 years for middle-aged people 1 time, and 1 year for the elderly 1 time). Especially for people with hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity and smoking, it is necessary to regularly check their hearts, measure their blood pressure and blood sugar, and find abnormalities such as heart, blood lipid, blood pressure, blood sugar and blood viscosity in time, so as to achieve the purpose of early detection and early treatment.
Get the medicine ready
Patients who have been diagnosed with heart disease, especially coronary heart disease, hypertension, etc., in addition to taking medicine on time according to the doctor's advice and checking on time to control their blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipid at normal levels, patients with coronary heart disease had better prepare first-aid drugs such as nitroglycerin and quick-acting jiuxin pills at any time (you should also put a card in your pocket to show that you have heart disease and have first-aid drugs in your pocket). Don't move the patient at will. Call 120 immediately. Once acute myocardial infarction occurs, you should immediately take emergency drugs such as nitroglycerin under your tongue and call the emergency number.