Parents can't help being cautious about vaccinating their children. Cao Qing, Director of Infectious Diseases Department of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, gave detailed answers to several questions that parents are most concerned about.
Q: Is it necessary for children aged 6-1/kloc-0 to get COVID-19 vaccine?
A: Everyone is susceptible to novel coronavirus, and children are no exception. The early data of the epidemic showed that the proportion of children infected with COVID-19 was low, and the symptoms were mild after infection, which posed little threat to life and health. In addition, vaccination has just begun, so children, especially young children, are not listed as vaccination targets. However, with the spread of the epidemic and the variation of the virus, the infection rate of children has gradually increased, and the proportion of infected people has also gradually increased. According to WHO statistics, it has increased from 1% at the beginning of the year to 8.7%. With the increase of children's infection cases, children patients may become an important source of infection. The infection of many primary school students in Fujian Province in September this year is an obvious example, which sounded the alarm for us. Relatively speaking, younger children are not as aware of wearing masks and maintaining hand hygiene as adults, and the degree of school gathering is relatively higher, so once a case occurs, it may spread faster and stronger.
Q: What are the COVID-19 vaccines for children vaccinated in Shanghai at present?
A: At present, the vaccine is COVID-19 inactivated vaccine produced by Sinopharm Zhongsheng Beijing Institute, Sinopharm Zhongsheng Wuhan Institute and Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the basic immunization is twice.
Q: Is it safe to vaccinate people aged 6- 1 1 year with COVID-19 vaccine?
A: China COVID-19 Inactivated Vaccine has completed relevant clinical trials and real-world observation studies at home and abroad since its launch. These data not only confirmed that COVID-19 inactivated vaccine was very safe for children aged 3- 17 years, but also its neutralizing antibody production rate was similar to that of adults.
Q: What are the contraindications for children aged 6-1/kloc-0 to get COVID-19 vaccine?
Answer: The contraindications of vaccination for people aged 6- 1 1 year are the same as those for adults aged 18 and above. The usual contraindications are: 1. Allergic to active ingredients, any inactive ingredients and substances used in the production process, or allergic to similar vaccines before; 2. Those who had severe allergic reaction to the vaccine in the past (such as acute allergic reaction, angioneurotic edema, dyspnea, etc.). ); 3 uncontrolled epilepsy and other serious nervous system diseases (such as transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, demyelinating diseases, etc.). ); 4. Patients with fever, acute disease, acute attack of chronic disease or uncontrolled serious chronic disease.
Vaccination should also be suspended in the following situations: 1. If immunosuppressive drugs (including biological agents that regulate immunity) are being used, such as high-dose glucocorticoid [prednisone ≥ 2 mg/(kg d) or ≥20mg/d] and rituximab, vaccination should be suspended; 2. Vaccination of leukemia patients is suspended during chemotherapy and within 6 months after chemotherapy; 3. Suspension of vaccination within 1 year after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children.
The following conditions do not affect COVID-19 vaccination: 1. Patients with allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis and food allergy can be vaccinated under stable conditions (except children who are allergic to the ingredients in the vaccine or have had severe allergic reactions to the vaccine in the past); 2. People in remission of asthma (including the use of inhaled corticosteroids) can be vaccinated. Vaccination will be suspended during the acute attack of asthma (wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and other symptoms). COVID-19 vaccine can be inoculated during anti-IgE monoclonal antibody therapy and allergen-specific immunotherapy, and it should not be carried out on the same day as far as possible; 3. After the chronic disease has stabilized for 3 months, vaccination can be considered. If necessary, please consult a specialist attending physician; 4. Although insulin, levothyroxine and growth hormone are hormones, they will not inhibit children's immune system, so the use of these hormones will not affect the vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine.
Q: What are the precautions for children before and after vaccination?
A: Before vaccination, children should be accompanied by their guardians or clients for COVID-19 vaccination. On the day of inoculation, you should wear masks, loose clothes and carry the ID card or household registration book of the vaccinator.
After inoculation: observe the observation area at the inoculation point for 30 minutes, and then leave without any symptoms. Keep the skin of the inoculation site clean and dry, and avoid scratching the inoculation site with your hands.
Q: What are the adverse reactions after vaccination? How to deal with it?
A: Most of the adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccine are mild to moderate, and most of them can be alleviated within 24 hours after vaccination. Common adverse reactions include injection site pain, redness and fever, headache, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, limb pain and so on. The above adverse reactions can be alleviated by rest and symptomatic treatment. If you have high fever, rash, chest tightness, shortness of breath, special discomfort or persistent illness, you should seek medical advice promptly.
Q: Is the COVID-19 6- 1 1 year-old child vaccine the same as the adult vaccine?
A: COVID-19 vaccine for 6- 1 1 year-old population is exactly the same as COVID-19 vaccine for Huasong population in terms of dosage, composition and immunization program.
Q: Can COVID-19 vaccine be vaccinated at the same time as other vaccines?
A: It is not recommended to vaccinate pneumonia vaccine with other vaccines for the time being. Time interval after vaccination in COVID-19 >; Other vaccines can only be vaccinated on 14 days. However, when rabies vaccine, tetanus vaccine and special immunoglobulin need to be vaccinated urgently due to animal injury, trauma and other reasons, the above vaccination interval may not be considered.
At present, the Shanghai Children's Medical Center affiliated to the School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University has carried out an evaluation clinic for immunization of special children to protect children with special health conditions from infection and immunization. Children and parents in need can make an appointment. Wechat pays attention to the official account of Wechat, the patient service of Shanghai Children's Medical Center, selects "outpatient appointment" in the outpatient clinic, and selects "specialist" vaccination evaluation in the "infectious disease outpatient clinic", and the appointment is successful. At that time, take the children and vaccination books to the outpatient clinic for evaluation and vaccination.
According to the parents' consultation messages, the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention summarized six issues that people are more concerned about. "The child has herpetic angina. How long does it take to get the COVID-19 vaccine? " "Allergic constitution, can I get a vaccine?" See the answer ↓
Q: Some netizens asked who couldn't get the vaccine: "How long does it take for a child to get herpetic angina to get the COVID-19 vaccine?"
A: It is suggested that vaccination should be suspended during the onset of herpetic pharyngeal and buccal inflammation, and then vaccinated after recovery.
Q: Allergic constitution, can I get a vaccine?
A: I had a serious allergic reaction to vaccination in the past or during allergic diseases. It is recommended to suspend vaccination.
Allergies to non-vaccine ingredients, such as food allergy and pollen allergy, are not contraindications for vaccination in COVID-19, but it is necessary to strengthen observation. If you feel unwell, you are advised to seek medical advice immediately.
Q: Some netizens questioned the efficacy of the vaccine: "In this wave of epidemic, many people have been vaccinated. Why let the children suffer this kind of suffering? "
A: Vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine can obtain corresponding immunity, thus effectively reducing the risk of onset, severe illness and death; At the same time, children and adolescents will be infected to the people around them. Vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine is of great significance to improve the immune level of the population and curb the COVID-19 epidemic.
Q: Some netizens asked about the specific matters of carrying materials: "The parents' meeting at the school said that vaccination books should be brought. Is it necessary? "
A: As the interval between COVID-19 vaccine and other vaccines needs at least 14 days, carrying the vaccination certificate can help the vaccinator to know the child's previous vaccination and judge whether it meets the vaccination conditions.
Q: Some netizens asked about the appointment of two children: "My two children, can Health Cloud make an appointment for two barcodes?"
A: A health cloud account can make appointments for up to 3 minors. If it exceeds this number, you can change your account to make an appointment, or consult Health Cloud Customer Service: 400-92 16-5 19.
Q: There are many children with asthma. Will they fight?
A: When asthma is stable, COVID-19 vaccine is not taboo, but it can be vaccinated. If you are in an acute attack period, it is recommended to suspend vaccination.
Text: Yan
Editor: Zou Ying
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Source: Pudong release
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