1. Why are people obese?
1. Genetic factors
If you are fat, there is a great chance that the next generation will be fat. Heredity leads to different body fat rate and hormone secretion, which leads to different obesity rate. The recent discovery of obesity genes and weight loss proteins transcribed from obesity genes provide the best evidence. Weight loss protein can be produced by fat cells and sent to the brain through blood circulation to regulate food intake. If the concentration of leptin in the blood is low, or the leptin receptor in the brain is abnormal, it will easily lead to overeating, body fat accumulation, reduced energy consumption, and eventually lead to weight gain. If both parents are obese, the child is 70% obese, one parent is obese, and the child is 50% obese.
2. Dietary factors
A large number of data show that diet is the main killer of obesity. A high-calorie diet with high sugar and fat is obviously related to obesity, and foods with high salt content are also easy to cause water retention in the body and increase weight.
3. Disease factors
Hypothyroidism, hyperinsulinemia, hypothalamic syndrome. .. and other diseases are related to obesity characteristics.
4. Age
The increase of age will lead to the decrease of basal metabolic rate. If you keep the same calorie intake as when you were young, and the amount of activity decreases, it will easily lead to an increase in body fat rate and obesity.
5. Endocrine disorders
Middle-aged and elderly women are prone to endocrine disorders and mental and emotional changes due to menopause, leading to endocrine disorders and obesity.
6. Gender
Women's body fat ratio is higher than that of men. In development, adolescence, pregnancy and menopause, women's Hermon can promote the increase of body fat ratio, which makes them more likely to be obese than men.
From the above, we know other causes of obesity, so let's learn how to prevent obesity together.
2. How to prevent obesity
1. Understanding obesity
Many people don't know what harm obesity has. Knowledge thinks that there is no difference except getting fat. It is this concern that causes more and more people to become obese. To prevent obesity, we should improve our understanding of health and fully understand the harm of obesity to human body. Parents should help their children control their weight and pay attention to prevent obesity in the future.
2. A balanced and reasonable diet
Three meals a day are regularly and quantitatively, and the daily diet is scientifically arranged. The diet is not greasy and sweet, but not too much. It is advisable to eat more vegetables and coarse grains, be vegetarian and eat less snacks.
3. Strengthen physical exercise
Regular participation in outdoor activities such as jogging, mountain climbing and playing ball games can not only enhance physical fitness, make the body fit, but also prevent obesity.
Eat three meals regularly.
Eating three meals regularly sounds old-fashioned, but it can't be done. Fighting obesity is tantamount to failure before the war. Some people are too busy to eat at noon, and when they are hungry in the afternoon, they grab snacks and snacks and stuff them into their stomachs. However, most snacks are relatively small in size and are not easy to give people a sense of fullness. If you are not careful, you will eat more, and most of them are high in calories, sugar and oil. After eating a lot, they may have more calories than a full meal.
5. Ensure adequate sleep for 6-8 hours.
Western medicine and Chinese medicine weight loss experts said in unison: "Don't lose weight if you don't get enough sleep!" Studies at home and abroad have confirmed that people who sleep less than 6 hours or more than 9 hours a day have higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep for about 7-8 hours, and are also prone to accumulate body fat.
6. Supplement foods rich in calcium, magnesium and zinc.
People who are stressed by stress, prone to cramps and insomnia for a long time can supplement foods rich in calcium, magnesium and zinc, such as milk, tofu, bean products, dried fish, dark green vegetables, oysters and seafood. These minerals can regulate muscle contraction, relax nerves, stabilize mood and help sleep. However, people with high cholesterol and uric acid should avoid eating seafood, such as shrimp, crab, oyster and squid.
7. Keep a good mood
Good mood can keep the physiological functions of various systems in the body running normally and play a certain role in preventing obesity.
The above is an introduction to obesity. Obesity does great harm to people. Everyone must do a good job in prevention in time to prevent themselves from being deeply hurt by obesity.
3. The harm of obesity
1, heart
Observing the people around you, you will find that most obese patients have heart problems to some extent, and excess adipose tissue in the human body needs to consume more oxygen. The heart must provide more blood oxygen to adipose tissue. In addition, the more fat accumulated in the artery, the worse the arterial function, the thicker the blood vessel wall and the less the blood flow, which not only increases the burden on the heart, but also increases the risk of thrombosis and the deterioration of systemic blood circulation. Compared with healthy people, obese people have a higher risk of atherosclerosis 10 times.
2. Brain
A new study at UCLA found that compared with people with normal weight, obese people have 8% less brain tissue on average, and their brains age 16 years earlier. Generally, overweight human brain tissue is 4% less than normal people, and premature aging is 8 years. The fatter a person is, the worse the cognitive function of the brain is. Scientists believe that this is related to the deterioration of white matter around brain nerve fibers. This will affect the transmission of signals by nerve fibers.
3. Skin
In fact, obesity can also damage the skin. Obesity will lead to changes in hormones in the body, which will lead to pigmentation, thickening and roughness of acanthosis nigricans skin, redness and inflammation of blood stasis dermatitis skin, venous dysfunction and poor blood flow, and increase the risk of foot ulcers.
4. lungs
A French study found that compared with people with normal weight, people with abdominal obesity are twice as likely to have impaired lung function, and the incidence of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep apnea is higher. Researchers say that obese people's stomachs restrict the diaphragm and make it more difficult for the lungs to expand. Too much fat will increase the inflammatory reaction in the body and damage the lungs to some extent. Abdominal obesity usually refers to male waist circumference greater than 40 inches (about 10 1.6 cm).
5. Colon
Studies have found that obesity is related to most cancers, but it is most related to colon cancer. Among obese people, the incidence of intestinal cancer is strikingly proportional to the degree of obesity. The reason is that excessive intake of processed meat and red meat will increase the risk of intestinal polyps (a sign of early colon cancer). Another reason is the high level of insulin or insulin-related growth factors in the blood. However, the specific mechanism of these factors increasing the risk of colon cancer is not completely clear.