Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone in hyperthyroidism promotes metabolism of essence, fat and protein, and accelerates oxidation. The body's heat production and heat dissipation are obviously increased, and the basal metabolic rate is abnormally increased. It is necessary to increase energy every day to correct the energy consumption in the body. Based on the above reasons, the diet of hyperthyroidism patients must pay attention to high calorie, high protein and high vitamins and supplement calcium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and magnesium to correct the consumption caused by high metabolism. Improve the general situation.
1) Three highs, one ban and one right amount; Refers to a high-calorie, high-protein and high-vitamin diet, avoiding breaking the dietary rules and supplementing calcium and phosphorus in moderation.
1) increase heating; Adequate carbohydrates should be given daily to correct excessive consumption, and the daily energy supply is 65,438+02,540 ~ 65,438+04,630 dry coke (3,000 ~ 3,500 kcal), which is 50% ~ 75% higher than that of normal people, so as to meet the increase of metabolic rate caused by excessive thyroxine secretion.
2) Ensure the supply of protein; Protein's daily body weight per kilogram 15g, but animal protein should be limited.
3) Pay attention to the supply of vitamins, which should be rich. Because of high metabolic energy consumption, a lot of enzymes are consumed, and various water-soluble vitamins, especially B vitamins and vitamin D, are the main vitamins to ensure the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus. It is necessary to ensure the supply and supplement vitamin A and vitamin C.
4) Appropriate calcium and phosphorus supplementation; In order to prevent osteoporosis and pathological fractures, the supply of calcium and phosphorus should be appropriately increased, especially for patients and the elderly who have long been unable to control their symptoms.
5) Avoid foods and medicines containing iodine; Iodine is the raw material for synthesizing thyroid hormone. There is a lot of iodine in the thyroid gland, which accelerates the formation of thyroid hormone. Therefore, iodine can induce hyperthyroidism and aggravate the symptoms of hyperthyroidism, and iodine-containing foods and drugs should be avoided. All kinds of iodine-containing contrast agents should also be used with caution.
2) increase the number of meals;
3) Dietary allocation
1) Appropriate food selection: According to the patient's usual eating habits, you can choose various starchy foods, such as rice, noodles, steamed bread, vermicelli, potatoes, pumpkins, etc. All kinds of animal foods, such as beef, pork, mutton, all kinds of fish, etc. All kinds of fresh fruits and foods rich in calcium and phosphorus, such as milk, nuts, fresh fish, etc. You can choose oranges and apples when potassium is low.
2) Avoid choosing food; Avoid foods containing iodine, such as kelp, seaweed, Nostoc flagelliforme and iodized salt. Local Chinese medicines such as Muzhen Kunshi, seaweed, Prunella vulgaris, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Scrophularia, Cyperus tuber, Fritillaria thunbergii and so on are also used.
3) Pay attention to the sexual and taste functions of food. From the perspective of Chinese medicine, direct selection of food has the function of nourishing yin, such as soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle and duck. Eat less warm, spicy and irritating food, such as roosters.