The grassland in northwest Sichuan is located in the connecting section between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin, with a vertical and horizontal length of more than 300 kilometers, an area of about 1.52 million square kilometers and an altitude of more than 3,500 meters. Due to poor drainage, a large swamp has been formed. Weeds intertwined to form patches of grassland, covered with swamps. The grassland climate is extremely bad, the annual average temperature is below zero, and there are rain, snow and heavy rain.
From 1934 to 1935, the first, second and fourth armies of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants successively passed through the grassland, that is, Songpan Wetland, including Songpan County, Hongyuan County and ruoergai county today. In order to commemorate the feat of the Red Army in conquering the snowy grassland, the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission decided to build the Long March Monument and the Long March Monument Garden on Yuanbao Mountain in Chuanzhusi Town, Songpan County, and Songpan became one of the famous Long March Memorial Sites.
1June, 934, the red army made the battle plan of Songpan, and prepared to quickly, flexibly and resolutely eliminate the defenders of Songpan in Hu Zongnan. Later, due to the vacillation of Zhang, the leader of the Red Fourth Army, he lost his fighter plane and finally had to give up his battle plan to attack Songpan. At that time, the Kuomintang army was preparing to mobilize troops to stop the Red Army from advancing northward, and the siege of the Red Army was wiped out between the snow-capped mountains and grasslands west of Minjiang River and north of Maogong. On the one hand, it is the enemy in front of us, and on the other hand, it is a deserted grassland. There is no way to go, and it is almost a forbidden area for life. At that time, the Red Army was in extremely dangerous do or die. However, with the help of local guides, the fearless Red Army Right Army spent more than ten days crossing the grassland, creating an unprecedented miracle in the world.
At present, Songpan grassland has been drained and reclaimed as farmland, and the area of grassland and swamp has been greatly reduced, which has developed into an agricultural area of ethnic minorities.