(1) Collect patients' data, understand their age, sex, general situation, education level and knowledge of high fever, evaluate the causes of fever, and exclude physiological factors affecting body temperature.
(2) cooling
The body temperature of patients with high fever is generally above 39℃, and physical or chemical cooling should be taken. Physical cooling mainly includes ice pack, ice cap, cold wet compress, alcohol bath, warm water bath, ice water enema, acupuncture and so on. , should be selected according to the conditions. Chemical cooling mainly refers to the application of antipyretics to inhibit the thermoregulatory center, reduce heat production and accelerate heat dissipation. After 30 minutes, you must measure your temperature again and record the result on the temperature list.
(3) Keep it clean and comfortable
Patients with high fever often sweat a lot in the process of reducing fever, so they should dry their sweat in time and change clothes and quilts. If possible, wash your hair and take a bath to keep your skin clean, but prevent cold and convection. Strengthen oral care, carry out oral care every morning and evening, rinse your mouth before and after meals, observe tongue coating and tongue quality, and ensure oral hygiene. Dry lips can be coated with liquid paraffin or diluted glycerin, and herpes can be treated with antibiotics or antiviral ointment. Keep the indoor air fresh, strengthen ventilation, adjust the quilt cover, limit activities, etc.
(4) closely observe the changes of the disease.
The patients with high fever were measured 1 time every 4 hours, and plotted on the temperature list to observe their heat type and clinical progress, and to observe the changes of respiration, blood pressure and some accompanying symptoms. When the patient sweats heavily or has a fever, he should pay attention to whether there is collapse.
Second, dietary encouragement.
Patients eat a high-calorie, high-protein, high-vitamin, low-fat, digestible nutrition, light liquid and semi-liquid diet, and eat several meals. Encourage patients to drink plenty of water, the daily intake is not less than 3000ml, and intravenous fluids are given according to the doctor's advice when necessary.
Third, safety nursing.
Patients with high fever sometimes feel restless and anxious. Attention should be paid to prevent falling from the bed and biting the tongue. If necessary, the patient should be fixed with a bed protector and a binding band. Psychological nursing patients will have chills, pallor, headache, sweating and other symptoms when they have fever, which will lead to patients' nervousness and fear. Nurses should often visit patients, patiently answer patients' questions and do psychological care well. For patients with long-term high fever, we should pay more attention to their psychological reaction. Health education according to the patient's condition, formulate the corresponding health education plan and give relevant knowledge education.