1, stay calm.
Don't entangle your hands and feet, which will only make your physical strength run out prematurely and your body sink faster. The correct way to save yourself is to hold your breath immediately after falling into the water, kick off your shoes, and then relax your limbs and wait for it to surface. Because the lungs are like a big airbag, the proportion of people holding their breath is lighter than that of water, so the human body will automatically float up after a period of time.
When you feel like floating, you should lean your head back as much as possible. As long as you don't struggle at random, your body won't lose its balance in the water. In this way, your nose and mouth will surface first, and you can breathe and call for help. When breathing, try to inhale through your mouth and exhale through your nose to avoid choking.
2. Keep your nose and mouth breathing.
Just keep your nose and mouth slightly out of the water to breathe for help and wait for rescuers with a calm mind. Never try to stick your head out of the water, it will be a fatal mistake, because it is impossible for a person who can't swim to stick his head out of the water. This inevitable failure will make the drowning person more nervous and passive, thus making the whole self-help fall short.
3. Prevent hand and foot cramps.
Switch to backstroke * * *, first grasp the thumb and toe of the affected side with one hand and pull it in the direction of dorsiflexion, and then press and pinch the affected calf to relieve it. If the wrist muscles spasm, you can bend your fingers and stretch them up and down, and the other hand can be supplemented by pressing. When you feel exhausted after swimming for a long time, you can switch to backstroke. You can paddle gently with your hands and feet, easily float your nose and mouth on the water, adjust your breathing and relax yourself. After a short rest, you can swim to the shore or float on the water and wait for rescue.
Extended data:
First aid for drowning:
1, rescue in water and post-treatment of effluent
The strong swimmer rescued the patient from the water, while others immediately looked for floating objects. Before leaving the water, put the patient on the floating board, remove the water and dirt from the nose and mouth, and open the airway. When doing mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, be careful not to bend the neck, and keep the spine of the head and neck on an axis to avoid aggravating the possible spinal cord injury.
2. First aid after leaving the water
After landing, the water in the patient's respiratory tract and stomach was poured out in time. The main actions of pouring water are: ① The patient is prone, the abdomen is raised, the head is drooping, and the back is pressed by hand; ② Hold the patient's legs, put his abdomen on the rescuer's shoulder, walk quickly, and pour out the accumulated water.
3. First aid for cardiac arrest
For people with cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) should be performed immediately, including opening the airway, removing foreign bodies such as mouth and nose sediments and aquatic plants, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and chest compressions. Note that the heartbeat and breathing may stop again after recovery. At the same time of on-site rescue, evacuation should be organized.
Step 4 provide oxygen
Patients who are almost drowning (with pulse) and completely drowning (without pulse) may have no water in their lungs, so draining water from their lungs cannot delay oxygen supply. A good swimmer can start mouth-to-mouth breathing when treading water. In shallow water, he can also put the patient's head and chest on his knees and start mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Only after the patient comes out of the water can he perform chest compressions and clear his throat regularly.
Even if only a small amount of water is inhaled in the lungs, 100% oxygen should be given as soon as possible and IPPV (intermittent positive pressure ventilation) should be performed in the trachea.
People's Network-Self-help and self-care knowledge of drowning
Baidu encyclopedia-drowning first aid
2. Tips for preventing drowning
Common sense of preventing drowning During the summer vacation, the drowning incidents of teenagers and children occurred frequently, which aroused great concern from all walks of life.
As school parents, how to prevent teenagers from drowning has become particularly important. It is necessary to know some common sense to prevent drowning.
First, swimming safety points: 1. Don't be too hungry and full when you go into the water. Don't go into the water for an hour after a meal to avoid limb cramps; 2. Try the water temperature before entering the water. If the water is too cold, don't go into the water. 3. Swimming in rivers, lakes and seas must be accompanied by someone, not swimming alone; 4. Observe the swimming environment before launching. You can't swim here if there is a danger warning. Don't swim in the canyon with unclear geographical environment. The water in these places is different in depth and cold, and obstacles may hurt people in the water, which is very unsafe; 6. Before diving, make sure that the water depth here is at least 3 meters, and there are no weeds, rocks or other obstacles underwater. It is safer to enter the water with your feet first; 7. When swimming in the sea, you should be parallel to the coastline. Those who are not skilled in swimming or lack of physical strength should not go deep. Make a mark on the coast, pay attention to whether they are washed too far, and adjust the direction in time to ensure safety. Second, how to prevent lower limb cramps when swimming: 1. Be sure to warm up before swimming; 2. Consider your physical condition before swimming. If you are too full, hungry or tired, don't swim. 3. Dip some water in your limbs before swimming, and then jump into the water. Don't jump into the water at once; 4. If you have chest pain while swimming, you can press your chest hard and wait until you get better before going ashore. When you have abdominal pain, you should go ashore. It is best to drink some hot drinks or soup to keep warm.
Third, self-rescue methods for swimming and drowning in summer: In case of unfortunate drowning, the drowning person should not panic, and should remain calm and actively save himself: 1. For people with cramps in hands and feet, if the fingers cramp, you can hold your hands tightly, then open them forcibly and repeat them several times quickly until the cramps are eliminated; 2. If the calf or toe cramps, first take a breath and float on the water, hold the toe of the cramped limb with the hand on the opposite side of the cramped limb, pull it toward the body, and press the palm of the same side on the knee of the cramped limb to help the cramped leg straighten; 3. If the thigh cramps, it can also be solved by lengthening the cramped muscles. First aid for drowning: The first aid methods after drowning are: 1. After lifting the wounded out of the water, immediately remove the water, mud and dirt in his mouth and nasal cavity, wrap his fingers with gauze (handkerchief), pull his tongue out of his mouth, unbutton his clothes and neckline, and keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. Then, pick up the waist and abdomen of the wounded, make him look up to pour water, or pick up his legs. 2. People who stop breathing should immediately carry out artificial respiration, and mouth-to-mouth blowing is generally the best. First-aiders are located on the injured side, hold the injured person's jaw, hold the injured person's nostrils, take a deep breath, slowly blow into the injured person's mouth, relax the nostrils when the chest is slightly lifted, press the chest with one hand to help exhale, and repeatedly and rhythmically (blowing 16~20 times per minute). 3. If the heartbeat stops, you should do the chest first.
Let the wounded lie on his back, with a hard board on his back, his head down and his back tilted. The emergency personnel are located on the side of the wounded. Facing the wounded, put the palm of your right hand flat on the lower part of the sternum and your left hand on the back of your right hand. With the help of the body weight of the first-aid person, he should push slowly, but not too hard to prevent fracture. Then he should press the sternum down about 4 cm, then loosen his wrist (keep his hand from the sternum) to restore the sternum, and repeat it regularly (60-80 5. What should I do if my ears get water while swimming? The most commonly used method is: 1. One-leg jump method: the affected ear is downward, and the water flows downward from the external auditory canal by using the gravity of water; 2. Active external auditory canal method: you can press the tragus continuously with your palm or pull the auricle with your fingers; Or repeatedly open your mouth and move the temporomandibular joint, which can make the skin of the external auditory canal move up and down, left and right, or change the stability of the water barrier and pressure, so that water can flow out of the external auditory canal; 3. External auditory canal cleaning method: gently probe into the external auditory canal with a clean cotton swab, and suck out the water once it hits the water barrier.
Because the swimming pool or river water is unclean, the skin and tympanic membrane of the external auditory canal are infected after sewage enters the ear, or the water is improperly treated after entering the ear, which can often cause the following ear diseases, such as unclean ear digging. : otitis externa, swelling of external auditory canal, otitis media and suppurative otitis media. If the above symptoms appear after entering the water, you should temporarily stop swimming and go to the hospital for examination and symptomatic treatment.
6. Precautions for swimming in summer: 1. Not suitable for swimming after meals and drinking; 2. Not suitable for swimming with open wounds, skin diseases and eye diseases, not suitable for swimming with a cold, illness, physical discomfort or weakness; 3. Thunderstorm weather is not suitable for swimming, and the water temperature is too low and too cold for swimming; 4. It is forbidden to play too many jokes with your companions when swimming, and don't covet pleasure in the water, especially in the wild; Don't swim when the wind and waves are too strong and the lights are not good. Don't swim or dive in unknown waters. Don't dive when the water is shallow and there are many people. 6. You should swim in places where there are lifeguards and conditions, do warm-up exercises before going into the water, bring all the equipment in the water, and be sure to bring goggles; 7. Don't panic, don't mess in the water. In case of cramp, please keep calm and drift backwards. Take part in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and self-help training in water whenever possible. If you are not sure about drowning, don't go into the water to save people. You can call for help while using bamboo poles, branches, ropes, clothes or floating objects for rescue. 8. When camping, fishing and outdoor activities are near the water, children should be prevented from accidentally falling into the water, and sunburn and foot stab wounds should be prevented when bathing at the seaside or outdoors. Seven, how to prevent drowning: In order to ensure the safety of swimming and prevent drowning accidents, we must do the following: 1. Don't go swimming alone, and don't go swimming in places that don't know the bottom of the water, don't know the water situation or are dangerous and prone to drowning accidents. Choosing a good swimming place has a good influence on the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the underwater is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents and weeds. 2. You must be organized and swim under the guidance of teachers or people familiar with water, so as to take care of each other; If a collective organization goes swimming, it is necessary to count the number of people before and after entering the water, and.
3. Excerpt from Knowledge of Drowning Prevention and Self-rescue
Self-help method when drowning 1, don't panic, call for help immediately when you find someone around you; 2. Relax your whole body, let your body float on the water, head out of the water, kick the water with your feet to prevent physical loss and wait for rescue; 3. When your body sinks, you can press your palm down; 4. If you suddenly cramp in the water and can't dock, call for help immediately.
If there is no one around, you can take a deep breath and dive into the water, straighten your cramped legs and pull your toes up with your hands to relieve cramps. Third, the rescue method when someone is found drowning: you can throw lifebuoys, bamboo poles, boards and other things at the drowning person, and then drag them to the shore; If there is no rescue equipment, you can enter the water for direct rescue.
When approaching a drowning person, turn his hips, turn his back to himself, and then pull him up. Side stroke or backstroke towing is usually used for towing.
Special emphasis: when minors find someone drowning and can't rush into the water to rescue them, they should immediately call for help or use life-saving equipment to call for help. Saving people should also be within your ability! Fourth, how to give first aid to a companion after drowning? In case of drowning, don't jump into the water to save people. You should ask an adult for help at once.
After rescuing the drowning person ashore, immediately pry open the teeth, remove the impurities in the mouth and nose, and make the respiratory tract unobstructed; The rescuer bends his knees, puts the patient head down on his thigh, presses his abdomen, and forces the water in the respiratory tract and stomach to pour out. If the drowning person's breathing and heartbeat have stopped, chest-chest-heart * * and head-up artificial respiration should be done, and at the same time, they should be rushed to the hospital for emergency treatment. 5. First-aid method for drowning people on shore: 1, quickly remove the sludge, weeds and secretions in the mouth and nose of drowning people, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, and pull out your tongue to avoid blocking the respiratory tract; 2. Lift the drowning person to lie prone on the rescuer's shoulder, with his abdomen close to the rescuer's shoulder and his head and feet drooping, so that the water in the respiratory tract can naturally flow out.
But don't delay the time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation because of choking; 3, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and heart * * *; And contact the emergency center or send it to the hospital as soon as possible.
4. First aid knowledge of drowning
Drowning is an asphyxiating disease caused by human body submerged in water, respiratory tract blocked by water or laryngeal spasm. When drowning, a large amount of water, sediment and sundries can be poured into the lungs through the nose and mouth, causing respiratory obstruction, hypoxia, coma and even death.
② The common symptoms after drowning are edema, cyanosis, bloodshot eyes, bloody foam in mouth and nose, sediment or algae, pale skin of hands and feet, cold limbs, coma, dilated pupils, rales in both lungs, dyspnea, low and irregular heart sounds, decreased blood pressure and bloating. In the recovery period, pneumonia and lung abscess may occur. The whole drowning process is very rapid, and people often die within 4~5 minutes or 5~6 minutes.
In order to save the drowning man, we must race against time. People who are not used to water and fall into the water don't have to panic. They should quickly take self-help: head back, mouth up, try to keep their nose and mouth from breathing out of water, and don't raise or struggle their hands to avoid sinking. People who can swim, such as muscle fatigue and muscle cramps, should also take the above self-help measures. The drowning person should keep calm and take off his coat, shoes, boots, etc. Swim as quickly as possible to the drowning person, take a clear posture, hold his right hand with his left hand from his left arm or the middle of his body, or drag his head, and then swim back and drag it to the shore. If the rescuer is unfamiliar with water, he can bring a life buoy, life jacket or plastic foam board, wooden board, etc. And be careful not to be hugged by the drowning person, so as not to involve yourself. After the drowning person is rescued, the mud and dirt in the mouth and nose should be removed immediately, and the tongue should be pulled out to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If there is still heartbeat and breathing, the drowning person can lie on his stomach, with his head low and his abdomen high, press his back and drain the accumulated water in his lungs and stomach. The method is as follows: the rescuer kneels on one leg and the other leg, and the abdomen of the drowning person is horizontally placed on the rescuer's knee, with the head drooping, and then the back is pressed to pour out the water in the stomach and lungs. If breathing or heartbeat stops, give artificial respiration and chest compressions immediately, such as mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, tracheal intubation and oxygen inhalation. After the above rescue, you must be sent to the hospital immediately and continue treatment after resuscitation.
5. Complete safety knowledge of drowning self-rescue.
First, how to prevent drowning: 1. Don't play and chase in the seaside, riverside, lakeside, riverside, reservoir, ditch and pond without permission to prevent slipping into the water; There is a saying that when you walk by the river, you will inevitably get wet.
2. It is forbidden for students to swim in the water without permission, especially primary and secondary school students must be accompanied by adults and carry lifebuoys; It is forbidden for primary and middle school students to go fishing privately, because fishing is all squatting by the water, and the soil and sand at the water's edge have been soaked in the water for a long time and become very loose. The edges of some water have been soaked in water for many years, and a layer of moss has grown. If you step on it, you will slide into the water. Even if you don't slide into the water, you will be in danger of injury. 4. When rowing or taking a boat in the park, be sure to sit still, don't run around on the boat, and don't wash your hands and feet beside the boat, especially when taking a boat, don't shake it or be too heavy to avoid capsizing or sinking; When taking a boat, in case of special circumstances, you must keep calm, obey the instructions of the crew on board, and don't dive lightly. If someone is drowning, don't rush into the water to rescue him; 6. In case of strong wind, heavy rain, big waves or foggy weather, it is best not to take a boat or play on it; 8. Don't hold your breath for a long time in the water, it's easy. 7. If you accidentally fall into the water, take a deep breath, pat the water and call for help; Hold your breath and die; 9. If you are unfortunate enough to drown, when someone comes to help, you should relax and let the rescuer hold your waist; 10. When something you especially love falls into the water, don't rush to catch it, ask an adult for help; Of course, swimming is one of teenagers' favorite sports.
However, if you are not prepared, lack safety awareness, panic when you encounter an accident, and you can't save yourself calmly, it is easy to cause drowning casualties. Second, in order to ensure swimming safety and prevent drowning accidents, the following points must be achieved: 1. Don't go swimming alone, and don't go swimming in places that don't know the bottom, don't know the water situation or are dangerous and prone to drowning accidents.
To choose a good swimming place, we should know clearly the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the water surface is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents, weeds and the depth of water. You must be organized and swim under the guidance of a teacher or someone familiar with water. Take care of each other.
If a collective organization goes swimming, the number of people should be counted before and after launching, and lifeguards should be designated for safety protection; Pay attention to your health. People who are prone to cramps in limbs should not take part in swimming or swim in deep water. Get ready before you go into the water and exercise first. If the water temperature is too low, wash your body with shallow water first, and then go swimming after getting used to the water temperature. People with dentures should take them off to prevent them from falling into the esophagus or trachea when choking; 4. Be self-aware of your own water quality, don't be brave after entering the water, don't dive and snorkel rashly, and don't fight with each other to avoid drowning.
Don't swim in rapids and whirlpools, let alone drink and swim; 5. If you suddenly feel unwell during swimming, such as dizziness, nausea, palpitation, shortness of breath and so on. , should immediately go ashore to rest or call for help; 6, in swimming, if the calf or leg cramps, don't panic, you can kick or jump hard, or force * * *, pull cramps, and ask your companions for help; 7. When a drowning accident occurs in swimming, the first aid on the spot is urgent, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important. After the drowning person is rescued ashore, the vomit, sediment and other impurities in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cavity should be removed immediately to keep breathing smooth; The tongue should be pulled out to avoid backward turning and blocking the respiratory tract; Raise the abdomen of the drowning person so that his chest and head droop, or hold his legs, put his abdomen on the rescuer's shoulder, and do the action of walking or jumping to "pour water".
Restoring the drowning person's breathing is the key to the success of first aid. Artificial respiration should be carried out immediately, and mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration can be used. At the same time of first aid, you should be sent to the hospital for treatment quickly. Measures to prevent drowning: 1. Pupils should swim under the guidance of adults; 2. Pupils can't play by the pond or the river alone; Pay special attention to the pond where no one goes.
There are also places with many aquatic plants; 3. Don't go swimming in places without swimming signs, especially in summer vacation, and don't invite friends to swim by the pond without adult supervision; 4. Those who can't swim, can't go to deep water areas, and beware of drowning incidents. People who can't swim should have adults around them, and swimming rings are useless to a person who can't swim; 5. Make proper preparations before swimming to prevent cramps during swimming.
6. Knowledge of drowning prevention safety education
First of all, you should keep calm and never struggle with your hands and feet, which can reduce the entanglement of aquatic plants and save your strength. The correct way to save yourself is to hold your breath immediately after falling into the water, then relax your limbs and lean your head back as far as possible. As long as you don't struggle at random, your body won't lose its balance in the water. In this way, your nose and mouth will surface first, and you can breathe and call for help. When breathing, try to inhale through your mouth and exhale through your nose to avoid choking. When you feel tired after swimming for a long time, you can change to backstroke, paddling gently with your hands and feet, so that your nose and mouth can easily float on the water, and give first aid on the spot.
(A) can not swim to save themselves
(1) Don't panic after falling into the water. You must keep a clear head. (2) Calmly put your head back, mouth up, and expose your nose and mouth out of the water, then you can breathe. (3) Take a shallow breath, take a deep breath, and try to keep your body floating on the water and wait for others to save you. (4) remember: never raise your hand or struggle hard, because it is easy to sink people.
(2) the swimmer's self-help
(1) Drowning is usually caused by calf gastrocnemius spasm. Calm down and call for help in time. (2) Hold the body in a ball and float to the surface. (3) Take a deep breath, immerse your face in the water, and pull the thumb of the spasmodic (cramped) lower limb forward and upward, so that the thumb can be lifted upward, and continue to exert force until the severe pain disappears and the cramp naturally stops. (4) After the attack, the same part can cramp again, so you should swim to the shore to relieve the pain, and it is best to * * hot compress the affected area after landing. (5) If the wrist muscles cramp, you can bend your fingers and stretch them up and down, take a supine position and swim with your feet.
(3) Mutual assistance
(1) The rescuer should be calm, take off his clothes and trousers as much as possible, especially shoes and boots, and swim to the drowning person quickly. (2) For the exhausted drowning person, the rescuer can approach from the head. (3) For the conscious drowning person, the rescuer should approach from behind, hold the head and neck of the drowning person from behind with one hand and swim to the shore with the other. (4) If the rescuer is not skilled in swimming, it is best to carry a life buoy, a wooden board or use a boat to rescue him, or throw ropes and bamboo poles. So that the drowning man can catch it and drag it ashore. (5) During rescue, attention should be paid to prevent the drowning person from clinging and being in danger. If you are hugged, don't drag the other person. You have to let go, let yourself sink, let the drowning person let go, and then go to rescue.
(4) On-site medical or first-aid witnesses.
(1) When the first witness found the drowning person, he immediately called 120 or the emergency number of the affiliated hospital to request medical first aid; (2) After the first witness or emergency medical personnel arrive at the scene, first rescue the drowning person ashore; (3) Immediately remove the silt, weeds and vomit in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, and open the airway to provide oxygen. (4) Carry out controlled water treatment (pouring water), that is, quickly put the patient on the thigh where the rescuer bends his knees, head down, and then press his back to force the water inhaled into the respiratory tract and stomach to flow out. The time should not be too long (1 minute). (5) Carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the scene, put it in an ambulance as soon as possible, and quickly transport it to a nearby hospital. As a rescuer, it must be remembered that all people who are in drowning shock, no matter what the situation, should continue cardiopulmonary resuscitation from the time of discovery. Adjust your breath, relax yourself, swim to the shore or float on the water after a short rest and wait for rescue.
7. What is the knowledge about preventing drowning?
Swimming is one of teenagers' favorite sports. However, if you are not prepared, lack safety awareness, panic when you encounter an accident, and you can't save yourself calmly, it is easy to cause drowning casualties. In order to ensure swimming safety and prevent drowning accidents, the following points must be achieved: 1. Don't go swimming alone, let alone in places where you don't know the bottom and water conditions, or dangerous places where drowning casualties are likely to occur. Choose a good swimming place and have a clear understanding of the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the water surface is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents, weeds and the depth of water. You must be organized and swim under the guidance of a teacher or someone familiar with water. Take care of each other. If a collective organization goes swimming, it is necessary to count the number of people before and after launching and designate lifeguards for safety protection. Pay attention to your health. People who are prone to cramps in limbs should not take part in swimming or swim in deep water. Get ready before you go into the water and exercise first. If the water temperature is too low, wash your body with shallow water first, and then go swimming after getting used to the water temperature. Students with dentures should take them off to prevent them from falling into the esophagus or trachea when choking.
4. Be self-aware of your water quality. Don't try to be brave after entering the water. Don't dive and snorkel rashly, and don't fight with each other, lest you drown by drinking water. Don't swim in rapids and whirlpools, let alone drink and swim. 5. If you suddenly feel unwell during swimming, such as dizziness, nausea, palpitation, shortness of breath and so on. , should immediately go ashore to rest or call for help. 6, in swimming, if the calf or leg cramps, don't panic, you can kick or jump hard, or hard * * *, pull cramps, and call for help from your partner. 7. When a drowning accident occurs in swimming, the first aid on the spot is urgent, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important. After the drowning person is rescued ashore, the vomit, sediment and other impurities in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cavity should be removed immediately to keep breathing smooth; The tongue should be pulled out to avoid backward turning and blocking the respiratory tract; Raise the abdomen of the drowning person so that his chest and head droop, or hold his legs, put his abdomen on the rescuer's shoulder, and do the action of walking or jumping to "pour water". Restoring the drowning person's breathing is the key to the success of first aid. Artificial respiration should be carried out immediately, and mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration can be used. At the same time of first aid, you should be sent to the hospital for treatment quickly. I hope you are satisfied.
8. How to save yourself when drowning?
Do this: (1) If the old man drowns, he should first keep calm and never struggle with his hands and feet, which can reduce the entanglement of aquatic plants and save his physical strength.
As long as you don't struggle and throw your arms around, you won't lose your balance in the water and you won't sink quickly. (2) In addition to calling for help, hold your breath immediately after falling into the water, kick off your shoes, and then relax your limbs. When you start to feel floating, try to lean your head back so that your nose can breathe out of the water. When breathing, inhale through your mouth and exhale through your nose as much as possible to prevent suffocation.
Shallow exhalation and deep inhalation. (3) Never try to stick your head out of the water, which will be a fatal mistake, because it is impossible for a person who can't swim to stick his head out of the water. This inevitable failure will make the drowning person more nervous and passive, thus making the whole self-rescuer fall short.
(4) When the rescuer appears, the drowning person must not grasp the rescuer's hands, legs, waist and other parts in a panic, but must obey the rescuer's command and let him swim ashore with you. Otherwise, it will not only fail to be rescued, but also bring trouble to the life of the rescued person.
9. Excerpt from knowledge of drowning prevention and self-help.
Self-rescue method in drowning
1, don't panic, find someone around you and call for help immediately;
2. Relax your whole body, let your body float on the water, head out of the water, kick the water with your feet to prevent physical loss and wait for rescue;
3. When your body sinks, you can press your palm down;
4. If you suddenly cramp in the water and can't dock, call for help immediately. If there is no one around, you can take a deep breath and dive into the water, straighten your cramped legs and pull your toes up with your hands to relieve cramps.
Three, found someone drowning rescue methods:
You can throw lifebuoys, bamboo poles, boards and other things at the drowning person, and then drag them to the shore; If there is no rescue equipment, you can enter the water for direct rescue. When approaching a drowning person, turn his hips, turn his back to himself, and then pull him up. Side stroke or backstroke towing is usually used for towing. Special emphasis: when minors find someone drowning and can't rush into the water to rescue them, they should immediately call for help or use life-saving equipment to call for help. Saving people should also be within your ability!
Fourth, how to give first aid to a companion after drowning?
In case of drowning, don't jump into the water to save people. You should ask an adult for help at once. After rescuing the drowning person ashore, immediately pry open the teeth, remove the impurities in the mouth and nose, and make the respiratory tract unobstructed; The rescuer bends his knees, puts the patient head down on his thigh, presses his abdomen, and forces the water in the respiratory tract and stomach to pour out. If the drowning person's breathing and heartbeat have stopped, chest-chest-heart * * and head-up artificial respiration should be done, and at the same time, they should be rushed to the hospital for emergency treatment.
Five, shore first aid drowning method:
1, quickly remove the sludge, weeds and secretions in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, pull out your tongue and avoid blocking the respiratory tract;
2. Lift the drowning person to lie prone on the rescuer's shoulder, with his abdomen close to the rescuer's shoulder and his head and feet drooping, so that the water in the respiratory tract can naturally flow out. But don't delay the time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation because of choking;
3, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and heart * * *; And contact the emergency center or send it to the hospital as soon as possible.