The answer is: 6 months ~
Please raise your hand if your answer is correct.
"Children have an eye examination when they are 6 months old, and then have a comprehensive eye health examination after school every year at the age of 3 and 5."
Lin Zhi, director of Zhongshan Ophthalmology Technology Training Center and doctor of Pennsylvania Optometry Institute, said that in this way, the health status of children's eyes can be fully grasped.
Director Lin explained that a complete set of children's eye examination items include:
Collect at least 12 items such as medical history/vision examination/color vision examination/stereoscopic vision examination/pupil examination/eye position examination/eye movement examination/binocular visual function examination/visual field examination/ametropia examination/ocular surface health examination/fundus health examination, and let us know them one by one.
Collect medical history
In fact, ophthalmologists know the basic situation of some children, especially their development, such as whether they walk late or use their eyes abnormally. Children with abnormal development often have problems with eye development.
Vision test
Using the child's eyesight, we can have a basic judgment on whether the child's eyesight is normal.
colorimetry
Through color vision examination, we can find out whether the child has hereditary color vision abnormality; And some eye diseases, first of all, will appear abnormal color vision.
Stereoscopic inspection
Stereo vision, also known as depth perception or stereo vision, is our perception of the depth, distance and proximity of objects. In children's visual development, we should be alert to the lack of stereoscopic vision.
Pupillary examination
Check the pupil size, shape, pupil response to light, accommodation response, etc. You can find abnormalities in the optic nerve system.
Eye position examination
Whether the eye position is straight or not can judge whether the eye has strabismus; The results of the eye examination also determine whether the child has amblyopia and help the doctor decide the prescription of the final optometry glasses.
Eye movement examination
Guide the child's eyeball to move up and down, left and right, above the temporal bone, below the temporal bone, above the nasal bone and below the nasal bone, and eliminate the problems of extraocular muscles or nervous system.
Binocular visual function examination
Check eye accommodation, binocular visual function, etc. And judge whether the child can use his eyes comfortably for a long time.
Visual field measurement
Visual field is the whole spatial range that we can see through eye movements. The size and shape of visual field are related to the distribution of sensory cells on retina.
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Examination of refractive error
Ametropia is what we often hear about myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Check whether your child has these three problems.
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Eye surface health examination
It is mainly to check the conjunctiva and cornea on the eye surface to see whether the structure and function are normal, such as whether there is inflammation and whether the cornea is clear.
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Fundus health examination
Fundus examination can judge the health of retina, vitreous body and optic nerve, and exclude congenital eye diseases.
However, children of every age have their own characteristics, so the focus of the exam is also different:
6-month-old children, still in infancy, are relatively easy to check and are interested in simple things (such as light). The focus of the examination is whether there are congenital developmental abnormalities, hereditary eye diseases, moderate and high refractive errors, strabismus and so on.
The age of 3 is the first comprehensive eye examination in life, and some problems of ametropia are most likely to appear at the age of 3. The focus of the examination is to find out whether there are amblyopia, strabismus and abnormal binocular visual function development;
Before the age of 5, the child's communication ability has improved, and he can already do subjective examination. The key point is to measure binocular visual function and check ametropia to prepare for formal admission.
After entering school, children's eyeballs are still developing and their visual system is constantly changing. It is recommended to have your eyes examined once a year. The key point is to know whether the child's eye ability is enough after reading, how high the requirements for the eyes are, whether there will be binocular vision problems leading to learning difficulties, and to avoid abnormal vision affecting school performance.
Director Lin Zhi said that when the child goes to the hospital for examination, the doctor will give the child the necessary examination according to the child's age and the development of eye foundation to help the child prevent eye diseases and protect his eyesight.
Text: Wu Xiaolan
Editor: August
Cartography: Qiu Shaoxuan
Regularly record eye parameters to prevent eye diseases in children.