Intestinal mucosa is an annular fold on the duodenal wall, and there are many villi on the mucosa. The epithelium at the root of villi sinks into the lamina propria, forming tubular intestinal glands.
Its opening is located between villi roots, villi and intestinal glands are closely related to the digestive function and absorption function of small intestine, and the intestinal digestive tube contains diffuse lymphoid tissue, isolated lymphoid nodules, aggregated lymphoid nodules, lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells. Participate in the formation of the first line of defense of the body's immunity. "
Function:
When the mucosa of digestive tract is affected by antigen, the lymphoid tissue in the mucosa immediately produces immune reaction, secretes immunoglobulin into the digestive tract, and resists the invasion of harmful antigen substances such as bacteria and viruses in the digestive tract. So that the intestinal mucosa has immune function.
Extended data:
Importance of intestinal mucosa:
Clinically, influenza patients often have symptoms similar to gastroenteritis, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, except cough, fever and headache, but the pathogenesis is still unclear.
After Tian Zhigang's research group infected mice with influenza virus, it was found that influenza virus infection not only caused immune damage of respiratory tract mucosa, but also caused immune damage of intestinal mucosa, but had no effect on liver and kidney which did not belong to mucosal tissue.
During the development of influenza in mice, a large number of pro-inflammatory helper T lymphocytes 17(Th 17) gathered in the intestinal mucosa, which inhibited the function of IL-17A (an inflammatory cytokine) derived from Th 17 cells and significantly reduced the degree of intestinal inflammatory injury.
At the same time, the composition of intestinal flora in mice has also changed during the occurrence of influenza disease. The use of antibiotics to remove intestinal bacteria can significantly inhibit the aggregation of Th 17 cells and alleviate intestinal inflammatory damage, indicating that the changes of intestinal flora have a certain relationship with the production of Th 17 cells.
Further research shows that lung helper T lymphocytes 1 activated by influenza virus migrate to intestinal tissues under the induction of chemokines (substances that can attract lymphocytes to migrate), and the composition of intestinal flora is changed by secreting inflammatory cytokines, thus stimulating intestinal epithelial cells to secrete interleukin-15(IL- 15), and finally promoting TH 6555.
People's Network-Influenza can cause intestinal mucosal immune damage.