Acidic food and alkaline food are in balance.
Food can be divided into acidic food and alkaline food according to the main mineral elements. Generally speaking, rice, flour, meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, shrimp, eggs, peanuts and other foods containing more non-metallic elements such as phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine are metabolized into acidic substances in the human body, making body fluids relatively weak. Therefore, these foods are physiologically called acidic foods. However, most foods, such as fruits, vegetables, beans, tea and milk, contain more metal elements such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, which are metabolized into alkaline substances in the human body, making body fluids weakly alkaline. Physiologically, these foods are called alkaline foods. Alkaline substances in the body can only be absorbed directly from food; Acid-forming substances can come from food or be provided in the form of intermediate products and "end products" of food metabolism in the body.
It should be pointed out that the taste of food is not sour, but acidic. Sour substances in food are organic acids, such as citric acid and its potassium salt in fruits, which can be completely oxidized in the body. Citric acid can eventually produce carbon dioxide and water, leaving alkaline elements in the body. Therefore, this kind of food with sour taste is physiological alkaline food.
Under normal circumstances, the pH value of human blood is weakly alkaline, which is beneficial to physiological activities. Because the human body has an automatic buffer system, it can handle the acid-base relationship by itself, which can keep the acid-base value in the blood within the normal range and achieve physiological balance. However, the buffering capacity of this creature is limited. If all kinds of foods are often improperly matched in daily life, it is easy to cause the imbalance of acid-base balance in human physiology, and in most cases, it is easy to cause highly acidic foods.
For a long time, people in China have formed a dietary habit of taking acidic food rice and flour as the staple food, and urine is generally acidic. If we don't pay attention to properly control the intake of acidic foods such as animal protein and eat less alkaline foods such as vegetables and fruits in daily life, it will easily lead to acidic substances in the blood, which will not only increase the consumption of alkaline mineral elements, but also cause calcium deficiency in the human body, deepen the color and viscosity of blood and cause acidosis. Therefore, we must pay attention to the proper combination of acidic food and alkaline food in diet to maintain physiological acid-base balance and prevent acidosis. At the same time, it is beneficial to make full use of various nutrients in food and achieve the effect of improving the nutritional value of food. In order to keep the balance between acidic food and alkaline food, it is necessary to mix them properly according to their pH values.
The proportion of eight essential amino acids in protein in diet is in balance with human needs.
In the process of digestion, food protein is completely decomposed into amino acids by various protein hydrolases, then absorbed in the form of amino acids, and used by the body to form various protein. There are more than 20 kinds of amino acids in food protein, which can be divided into essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. The so-called essential amino acids are needed by the human body, but they cannot be synthesized in the body and must be supplied by food. The so-called non-essential amino acids are needed by the human body, but the human body can synthesize them by itself without food supply.
Generally speaking, most animal proteins contain 8 kinds of essential amino acids with high content, which is close to the requirement of human body, so they are called high-quality protein. The low lysine content and poor quality of plant proteins have affected the utilization rate of protein. However, the content of lysine in soybean protein is high, which also belongs to high-quality protein. Nevertheless, the amino acid composition of any food, protein, can't fully meet the needs of human body. Only when several kinds of foods are mixed together, the amino acid composition of protein in all kinds of foods is close to the needs of human body and reaches the best proportion in protein.
Therefore, in order to make the content and proportion of eight essential amino acids in protein in a balanced diet meet human needs, we should pay attention to the reasonable collocation of animal protein, general plant protein and soybean protein in the dietary composition, and ensure that high-quality protein accounts for 1/3 of the total supply in protein.
The three major heat-generating nutrients in the diet should maintain a certain proportion balance.
Protein, fat and sugar in diet not only provide necessary energy for human body, but also have special physiological functions. They are in a dynamic balance of mutual utilization, mutual restriction and mutual transformation. The three thermogenic nutrients must maintain a certain proportion, so as to ensure a balanced diet and achieve the purposes of health care, health preservation and disease prevention.
According to the recommended dietary allowance standard for Chinese residents, the intake ratio of sugar, protein and fat should be (6 ~ 7):1:(0.7 ~ 0.8); According to their respective percentages of total heat energy, sugar accounts for 60% ~ 70%, protein accounts for 10% ~ 15%, and fat accounts for 20% ~ 25%. Once the normal ratio of protein, fat and sugar is broken, it will cause a series of metabolic disorders. If the dietary energy and protein are insufficient, it will cause malnutrition, anemia and lack of various nutrients, which will seriously affect human health; Calories and protein's excessive diet not only waste valuable food resources, but also make people suffer from obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases due to excessive intake of calories and fat, which is also not conducive to human health.
In a balanced diet, the mechanism of maintaining the proportion of three thermogenic nutrients is mainly determined by their metabolic characteristics in the human body. The metabolic characteristics of sugar in human body are: it can be quickly utilized by the body, with low oxygen consumption, and the end products of metabolism are carbon dioxide and water, which does not increase the metabolic burden. The metabolic characteristics of protein and fat are: complex metabolic process, high oxygen consumption, and its metabolic end products are acidic substances such as ammonia, nitrogen and ketone bodies. Excessive intake of protein and fatty foods will eventually turn into fat in the body, leading to excessive intake of heat energy. If there is little activity, the excess part will be transformed into fat deposition in the body, forming obesity. If it is not controlled, it will bring a series of physiological changes and even diseases. On the contrary, if you don't eat fat to lose weight, you can't eat more staple food (mainly sugar). Although the intake of protein and fat is limited, excessive intake of sugary foods will also be converted into fat in the body, and excessive fat storage will also lead to diseases.
Maintaining a certain proportion of the three thermogenic nutrients can also protect protein from sugar and fat. If people don't eat enough sugar and fat, and the heat energy supply in the body is not enough, they will decompose the protein in the body and release heat energy to supplement the shortage of sugar and fat. But protein is the "building material" that constitutes the human body. Without it, it will seriously affect health.
If we ingest enough sugar and fat at the same time as protein, we can reduce the decomposition of protein and use it to repair and build new cells and tissues.
In a word, human health depends on reasonable nutrition to a great extent. The fundamental thing to ensure reasonable nutrition is a balanced diet, and the principle of taboo should be followed. Otherwise, it will cause diseases, which is not good for your health.
//Is it easy to get cancer if you violate the food collocation taboo?
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of digestive tract, and men are more likely to get this kind of cancer than women. Experts pointed out that digestive system problems, such as gastric cancer, gastritis, gastric ulcer, intestinal cancer and so on. It is mainly because of eating too much animal food and processed food (the so-called "processed food" is food without fiber, minerals and vitamins, such as white sugar, white rice and white flour).
Usually carnivores need more gastric juice to digest the meat they eat, and their intestines are short, so that carrion can be excreted quickly. Many people like meat as much as carnivores, but because humans don't have the inherent functions of carnivores-the acidity of our gastric juice is only half that of carnivores, so we can't digest meat quickly; Intestines are also much longer than carnivores, so it is impossible to excrete carrion quickly.
From the above analysis, it is not difficult to understand that human digestive system is actually closer to herbivores and more suitable for digesting high-fiber foods.
Therefore, experts believe that the first principle of health preservation is to eat more high-fiber plant foods, that is, vegetarian food.
If you can't give up meat, you should have a light diet, and you can't have too many kinds of food in each meal. Eating too complicated food is a burden to the stomach and the whole digestive system. For example, to digest sugar and protein food, they need different digestive juices. If both are eaten at the same time, they cannot be completely digested, which will lead to overdraft of stomach function. Food that is not fully digested is also easy to accumulate and rot in the intestine, which provides an environment for harmful bacteria to grow, which is also one of the causes of cancer. Therefore, the best way is not to eat high-protein food with sugar. For example, don't eat meat with rice and bread. Vegetables can be served with sugar or beans, but fruits should be eaten alone. If we abide by these principles, it will not cause too much burden on the stomach, lead to indigestion, and finally lead to various digestive system diseases. It is best to eat some fresh and uncooked fruits, vegetables and sprouts for every meal. Their vitamins help prevent stomach cancer.