1. Used to formulate disease control countermeasures and measures:
Epidemiological research can not only provide scientific basis for the formulation of disease control countermeasures and measures in a country or region, but also put forward specific prevention or control countermeasures and measures or corresponding health policy suggestions for specific diseases or hazards by virtue of its own academic advantages.
2. Used for "health promotion":
Health promotion is a strategy that combines health education with environmental support, aiming at guiding healthy behavior and healthy living conditions, that is, an adjustment strategy between people and the environment that integrates personal choice and social responsibility for health to create a healthier future. The purpose of health promotion is to promote positive health behaviors, improve people's health knowledge, create a healthy environment, and improve people's or individuals' ability to cope with environmental and psychological pressures, thus maintaining a healthy balance, reducing diseases and improving the quality of life.
3. Used for disease monitoring.
4, used to explore the causes of the disease and the factors affecting the epidemic:
The causes of many diseases, especially some chronic non-communicable diseases, are unknown, and the occurrence and prevalence of some diseases are related to many factors. It is the key to control diseases and promote human health to explore the causes of diseases and clarify the related factors (or health status, health events, etc.) of disease occurrence and epidemic. The types of epidemiological research methods have the logical need to solve such problems, as well as their methodological characteristics, such as quantitative measurement, bias control, causal inference technology and so on. , so that they have obvious academic advantages in studying the causes or risk factors of diseases.
5. Used to study the natural history of diseases:
The natural history of disease is the natural process of disease. As far as individuals are concerned, diseases have their own natural development process, such as the incubation period, precursor period, clinical symptom period and recovery period of infectious diseases. As far as people are concerned, various diseases also have their own laws of natural occurrence and development. The application of epidemiological methods can study and clarify the natural history of diseases. Understanding the natural history of diseases is not only helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but also helpful for prevention and control.
6. Evaluation of clinical diagnosis and treatment methods:
With the continuous development of related disciplines and science and technology, new diagnostic techniques or methods, new therapeutic drugs or measures emerge one after another. What is the diagnostic value of a new diagnostic method? What is the efficacy of new therapeutic drugs or measures? Can it be popularized and applied? Such problems can be evaluated by epidemiological methods. So as to have a scientific understanding of these new diagnostic techniques and treatment methods, so as to apply them correctly in clinic. In addition, clinical practice also involves the evaluation of adverse reactions of therapeutic drugs or methods and the prognosis analysis of diseases. These are all research fields of clinical epidemiology.
7. Evaluation of disease prevention measures:
As mentioned above, the effects of some preventive measures or methods, such as a new vaccination preparation and a preventive measure, such as iodization of salt and fluoride in drinking water, can be evaluated by the above experimental epidemiological methods.
epidemiology
Epidemiology takes the distribution of diseases as the starting point to understand diseases, that is, by collecting, sorting out and investigating the distribution characteristics of diseases in time, space and population, it reveals the law of the occurrence and development of diseases and provides clues for the study of etiology. On this basis, the unique epidemiological analysis and experimental research methods were used to explore and verify the etiology. On the premise of having a certain understanding of the causes of diseases, we should formulate corresponding strategies and measures to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling diseases. At the same time, epidemiology constantly summarizes various practical experiences, refines the achievements of disease prevention and control, and draws lessons from the advanced technology of other disciplines to create and develop its own unique epidemiological methods.