1. First, anti-infection malnutrition is closely related to infection. Our most common infections are gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and/or skin, and sepsis is also very common, which need to be treated with appropriate antibiotics.
2. Second, correct the imbalance between water and electrolyte. In the emergency treatment of malnutrition, dehydration and electrolyte disorder are particularly important, especially for children with diarrhea and malnutrition. The following points should be paid attention to: ① Pay attention to fluid replacement to prevent heart failure. ② Adjust and maintain the electrolyte balance in the body: Malnourished children are often seriously deficient in potassium. When urine volume is normal, potassium can be given 6 ~ 8 mmol/(kg d) for at least 5 days. At the same time, there are also deficiencies of calcium, magnesium, zinc and phosphorus, which should be paid special attention to during the treatment.
3. Third, after the imbalance of liquid electrolyte in nutritional support is corrected, the treatment of malnutrition depends on the degree of impairment of intestinal absorption function. If the intestinal absorption function is poor, central venous nutrition or peripheral venous nutrition can be used as needed. The former has a long residence time and a high concentration of input nutrient solution, while the latter cannot exceed 5 days. This can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and effectively make food easier to absorb.
Matters needing attention
Malnutrition in children is particularly distressing. Children's bad eating habits should be changed in their daily diet. Children can improve their condition by taking more vitamins in their daily diet and paying attention to effective nutritional balance.