Encyclopedia of tuberculosis prevention and treatment knowledge on the blackboard
Blackboard report on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge
After entering the 1990s, tuberculosis, which had already been controlled, appeared a general epidemic trend in the world. People's struggle against tuberculosis has entered a new era. Drug-resistant tuberculosis is more difficult to treat, so it is very important to prevent tuberculosis.
First, children should be vaccinated with BCG vaccine on time to increase their immunity and avoid being infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Two, the treatment of tuberculosis should have a correct understanding.
At present, there are specific drugs to treat pulmonary tuberculosis, and the effect is very satisfactory. Tuberculosis is no longer an incurable disease Only with an optimistic spirit and a positive attitude can we insist on taking medicine on time and in quantity and complete the prescribed course of treatment, otherwise it is easy to relapse.
Third, exercise and enhance physical fitness.
You can choose Qigong, aerobics and Tai Ji Chuan for exercise, which can make the physiological function of the body return to normal, gradually restore health and enhance the disease resistance. Usually pay attention to cold and warmth, and control sexual intercourse.
Four, the main route of transmission of tuberculosis is droplet infection.
When patients with open tuberculosis cough, sneeze and laugh loudly, they spray droplets with bacteria and infect healthy people. If the patient spits everywhere, the sputum bacteria will spread with the dust flying in the air after the sputum is dried. Patients with mycobacterium tuberculosis found in sputum should wear masks when going out, don't talk to other people's faces, don't spit everywhere, don't spit in handkerchiefs or waste paper, and focus on disinfection or burn with fire for sterilization. Sputum can be disinfected by soaking in 5 ~ 12% lysol solution for 2 ~ 12 hours. Patients should form the habit of eating separately. Eating with patients or food contaminated by mycobacterium tuberculosis can cause digestive tract infection.
Five, sputum positive patients should be isolated.
If the family is isolated, the patient's room should be separated, and the diet, utensils and utensils should be separated. Bedclothes, clothes, etc. Exposure to the sun for 2 hours can disinfect, and tableware boiling 1 minute can kill mycobacterium tuberculosis. The living room should be well ventilated and sunny, and the doors and windows should be opened three times a day for 20 to 30 minutes each time. Generally, when sputum bacteria are negative, isolation can be cancelled.
Sixth, pay attention to diet.
The diet to prevent tuberculosis should be rich in protein, sugar and vitamins. Fresh vegetables, fruits and beans should be eaten, and smoking and drinking are prohibited. Recent studies have proved that smoking can reduce the blood concentration of anti-tuberculosis drugs, which is not conducive to the treatment of tuberculosis. It can also increase the secretion of bronchial sputum, aggravate cough, spread tuberculosis symptoms, and aggravate hot flashes, hemoptysis, night sweats and other symptoms. Drinking alcohol can increase the toxic effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs on the liver, lead to drug-induced hepatitis, dilate the blood vessels of the body, and easily produce hemoptysis symptoms.
Seven, enhance the common sense of prevention
When you have unexplained low-grade fever, emaciation, fatigue, cough and night sweats, and no other causes are found, you should go to the hospital for examination and diagnosis quickly. Under the guidance of a specialist, the drug should be used regularly and throughout the course, and the course of treatment should not be less than half a year. Patients should have enough patience. Rest, adequate nutrition, proper outdoor activities and strengthening general resistance are still important conditions for overcoming diseases. It is very important to isolate patients properly in the process of sterilization and protect the health of family members and collective people, especially children.
After knowing the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention, you can use the above methods to prevent tuberculosis. However, when preventing such diseases, it must be carried out for a long time, and in the process of prevention, it is also very important to adjust the body and strengthen the physique, which has a very good effect on preventing diseases.