The Spring Festival is approaching, but the peak of infection in COVID-19 is not over yet. How do the elderly and other vulnerable groups spend the winter?
"For vulnerable people, Omicron may bite people, so it needs to be monitored from four aspects: symptoms, blood oxygen saturation, body temperature and pulse." On the evening of February 29th, 65438, Zhang Wenhong, director of the National Center for Infectious Diseases and director of the Infectious Diseases Department of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, said in the first phase of a series of live lectures on "Scientific Epidemic Prevention, Healthy Kang Weimin"-"Scientific Response to COVID-19, Healthy New Year".
Screenshot of Zhang Wenhong's live speech.
Zhang Wenhong said that there are three criteria to define low, medium and high risk groups in COVID-19: age, basic diseases and vaccination. Specifically, people over 80 years old, with stable/unstable basic diseases, and who have not been vaccinated throughout the whole process; The age is between 65 and 80 years old, and the basic disease is unstable, regardless of whether to vaccinate during the whole process; People who are over 65 years old, have unstable basic diseases and have not been vaccinated all the time belong to high-risk key groups. The secondary key groups in the middle and dangerous situations are as follows: people over 65 years old with unstable basic diseases who have been vaccinated all the time; People aged 65-80 who have stable basic diseases and have not been vaccinated all the time; People who are over 80 years old, have no basic diseases or stable basic diseases, and have been vaccinated.
The coming wave of returning home may have an impact on the vulnerable groups. How to do a good job of family monitoring for vulnerable people? Zhang Wenhong gave four indicators: symptoms, blood oxygen saturation, body temperature and pulse. Fever, sore throat, cough, etc. They are all common symptoms, but when vulnerable and susceptible people have high-risk symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, confusion and persistent high fever, they should seek medical advice in time.
In the aspect of oxygen saturation, Zhang Wenhong suggested that an oximeter should be kept at home, and attention should be paid when the oxygen saturation keeps below 95%. Zhang Wenhong also suggested that everyone put a thermometer at home. It is best for susceptible people to have their body temperature measured in the morning and evening. At the same time, they can monitor their pulse in time through smart watches or oximeters.
Regarding open nodes, Zhang Wenhong said that the current liberalization is in line with the global fashion trend. After liberalization, there will be a peak of infection, but at present, the epidemic is changing from a global outbreak to a local epidemic. Take Taiwan Province Province of China as an example. As of February 24th, 12, there were ***862765 1 cases in COVID-19, China, of which 99.55% were mild/asymptomatic, 0.45% were moderate/severe and 0. 19% were severe. Therefore, in terms of proportion, critically ill patients account for a relatively small proportion.
In the live lecture that night, Zhang Wenhong also popularized the use of finger clip oximeter. SpO2 is the abbreviation of oxygen saturation, and PR refers to pulse rate. First, put a finger into an oximeter for testing. If the results show that SpO2 is below 95%, don't panic and stay calm. First, check whether the instrument is running normally and whether the power is sufficient. If everything is all right, wait 15 minutes, then sit down and put another finger in the oximeter. If the result is still below 95%, it is recommended to see a doctor.
Screenshot of Zhang Wenhong's live speech.
For the diet care of susceptible people, Zhang Wenhong suggested that there should be nutrition, but not excessive, especially the diet care of the elderly should be like "babies". Special attention should be paid to the supplement of high quality and high protein, milk and dairy products. It is suggested that the daily intake should be 150 ~ 200g, the daily intake of milk and dairy products should be 300g, the intake of vegetables should be above 250g, and the essential fatty acids should be controlled at 25 ~ 30g.
Zhang Wenhong said, "For susceptible people, the next New Year's Day and Spring Festival are a hurdle that needs protection. It is suggested that returnees reduce party activities and pay attention to protection when gathering with uninfected elderly people. The Spring Festival is a reunion festival, and you can be happy in the New Year by paying attention to protection. "