1 Characteristics of mental health education
1. 1 purpose of special education: take the development of mental health care, psychological adaptation and psychological quality as its own responsibility, and achieve the purpose of maintaining students' mental health, optimizing students' psychological quality and developing students' psychological potential.
1.2 contents and requirements of special education: the contents of mental health education mainly involve the basic theories and methods of school psychological education, including students' psychological guidance in learning, cultivation and training of intelligence and ability, emotional education, will education, personality education, interpersonal guidance, sexual psychological health guidance, students' continuing education and employment guidance.
1.3 Ways and methods of special education: In addition to imparting necessary psychological knowledge to students through classroom education channels, mental health education is more combined with activity classes, teaching in various disciplines, psychological measurement, psychological consultation and counseling, optimizing the environment, and example demonstration. Role-playing, games and practical exercises are used in activity classes and group counseling, and emotional release, listening, emotional and behavioral correction are used in individual psychological counseling and counseling.
2 Sports and mental health
Physical education lays a material foundation for students' mental health. People's physical quality and psychological quality are mutually restricted and closely related, including people's cognition, emotion, will and personality.
2. 1 Cognition: Normal intelligence level is the most basic psychological condition for people to engage in various activities. Observation, memory, thinking, imagination and operation are the main components of intelligence.
To have normal intelligence, people must have a healthy nervous system and body. As college, middle school and primary school students who are mainly engaged in mental work, their learning efficiency is determined by the advanced nervous system of the brain. Regular physical activities and physical exercises can promote the metabolism of the body, improve the activity ability of the nervous system, enhance the functions of the respiratory and circulatory systems, and enable the brain to get adequate oxygen supply, thus enhancing memory and thinking more flexibly.
2.2 Emotion: Good emotions can improve people's behavior. Regular participation in sports activities can make the body feel great comfort. In all kinds of sports, feel the sense of strength, beauty, rhythm and rhythm of sports technical movements, so as to cultivate sentiment, broaden your mind, stimulate self-confidence and enterprising spirit in life, and form an open-minded, optimistic and cheerful good mood.
2.3 will: the consciousness and decisiveness of action is an important sign of healthy will. Taking part in sports activities is not only exercise, but also a test of will. Challenging difficulties, perseverance, perseverance and courage to struggle are the full manifestations of sportsmanship.
2.4 Personality: Personality, also called personality. A unified personality is one of the important signs of mental health. The personality characteristic of mental health is to establish lofty ideals under the control of correct outlook on life and beliefs, so that thoughts, cognition and behavior are consistent.
3. In physical education, the factors that affect students' mental health are bad.
1. Fear; 2. rebellious psychology; 3. Dependence psychology; 4. anxiety; 5. loneliness; 6. self-blame; 7. Allergy; 8. Impulsive psychology; 9. disgust; 10.
The main reasons for its formation are physiological and psychological defects, physical quality and academic performance, and bad personality psychology.
Four Methods of Promoting "Psychological Education" in Physical Education Teaching
4. 1 incentive method. Teachers should be good at using teaching factors that can stimulate students' interest in learning. Using a variety of vivid and diverse teaching methods can stimulate students' interest, make them experience the happiness of physical education class, make them fall in love with physical education class, and play a better role in relieving and regulating students with obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression.
4.2 Communication methods. Physical education teachers should go deep into students, participate in various sports activities with students as much as possible, create a new and harmonious relationship between teachers and students, and let students fully trust physical education teachers and be willing to communicate with them.
4.3 Mutual Assistance Law. Physical education teachers consciously let students communicate with each other, help each other and learn from each other, and create a harmonious interpersonal relationship and a good teaching atmosphere, which has a good therapeutic effect on students' bad psychology.
4.4 carding method. Students are rebellious, so teachers should approach them actively, dredge their feelings, understand the causes of resistance, and then teach students in accordance with their aptitude and prescribe the right medicine.
4.5 Competition Law. People's adaptability to challenges is one of the important reasons why people are happy and insist on activities. In teaching, we should pay attention to adjusting the form, so that the form of activities can adapt to the psychological needs of students with different sports abilities, so that students with depression and anxiety can also experience the happiness of success.
4.6 cooling method. When students have rebellious psychology and strong emotional turmoil, teachers must keep normal psychology, make sober analysis and rational judgment on things, and then focus on persuading students to calm down their emotions so as to recover their senses as soon as possible. They must not "point the needle at the wheat awn" when students are emotional, thus intensifying contradictions.
4.7 temperature method. Teachers adopt an attitude of respect, understanding, concern, encouragement and trust to help them distinguish right from wrong, and control and standardize their own behavior correctly. Teachers need to care about those students who have suffered some setbacks and been adversely stimulated in sports.
4.8 Encourage praise method. We should promptly affirm and praise the small progress made by poor students in sports. Make full use of the feedback of academic performance to encourage students, enhance their confidence in overcoming difficulties, and treat their own shortcomings correctly, thus eliminating their inferiority complex.
4.9 Rule method. Reasonable and timely application of competition forms in physical education teaching can stimulate students' enthusiasm. When using this method, we should pay attention to balancing competitors, appropriately changing some conditions and formulating special rules, so as to effectively enhance the sense of competition.
4. 10 induction. For some students with poor physical fitness and extremely slow acceptance, teachers should be persuasive and let them treat themselves correctly. She gave up her bad idea. First of all, let them understand that as long as they make subjective efforts and use proper methods, they can tap their sports potential. Secondly, the requirements for motor skills can be relaxed appropriately, so that they can constantly taste the joy of success. And guide them to develop their strengths and avoid weaknesses in practice, gradually develop their physical fitness and improve their sports skills.
4. 1 1 infection method. In addition to inspiring and encouraging students' confidence, teachers can also choose representative students to take the lead in doing problems. When they successfully complete this technical exercise, they can quickly eliminate these students' psychological worries and enhance their self-confidence in completing the action.
4. 12 tempering method. Teachers combine the characteristics of sports, set certain difficulties, and cultivate students' will quality purposefully and systematically.
4. 13 self-suggestion method. Teachers should teach students the related knowledge of sports psychology and carry out psychological training in combination with exercises. Cultivate students' ability to actively and effectively suggest and encourage themselves when they feel lack of self-confidence in a certain situation, so as to gradually eliminate bad psychological obstacles.
Because of students' individual differences and different psychological states, we don't ask about reactions. If we don't take it seriously, it will definitely affect the healthy development of students' psychology and the improvement of their academic performance. Therefore, physical education teachers should take effective measures to consciously and purposefully strengthen psychological guidance to students through various sports activities in physical education teaching, comprehensively cultivate students' psychological quality and promote their psychological health, which can not be ignored and do a good job in comprehensive education.