Building a harmonious socialist society puts forward higher requirements for the consumption environment. The "environment" in Consumption and Environment refers to the consumption environment. The so-called "consumption environment" refers to the surrounding conditions surrounding people's consumption activities, or the external conditions that consumers rely on in the process of consumption. It is consistent with the consumption environment required for building a harmonious society, that is, a harmonious consumption environment, which embodies the requirements and characteristics of a harmonious society. A harmonious society should be democratic and ruled by law. A fair, just, honest, friendly, dynamic, stable and orderly society in which man and nature live in harmony is also applicable to the construction of a harmonious consumption environment, which is an inevitable requirement for building a harmonious socialist society. As we all know, under socialist conditions, the main contradiction in society is the contradiction between people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social productive forces, and a large part of this contradiction is reflected in the consumption field. Therefore, whether the consumption environment is good or bad, harmonious or not is directly related to and affects the construction of a harmonious socialist society. It can be seen that a harmonious society puts forward higher requirements and standards for the improvement and construction of the consumption environment.
The main body of consumption environment is consumers, and "environment" includes economic environment, political environment, cultural environment and natural environment. The economic environment of consumption requires the national economy to maintain a certain growth rate, and the foundation of building a harmonious society is development, and development is first of all economic development, creating rich social material wealth, meeting people's consumption needs and improving people's living standards and quality of life. This is the basis of building a harmonious society and a good consumption environment. The political environment of consumption means that in the field of consumption, consumers' rights are respected, consumers' rights and interests are guaranteed, the legal system is sound, and law enforcement is strict. When consumers' rights and interests are damaged, they can be solved in time and fairly, which makes the protection of consumers' rights and interests full of vitality. In the cultural environment of consumption, there should be an honest and trustworthy market environment and social atmosphere. People from all walks of life care about, attach importance to and support the protection of consumers' rights and interests, eliminate all kinds of negative factors, make consumers feel at ease, worry-free and risk-free in the process of consumption, advocate advanced consumption concepts and people-oriented rights protection culture, and realize scientific, reasonable, healthy and civilized consumption. The natural environment of consumption must meet the requirements of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, so that the natural environment on which consumers depend can achieve ecological balance. Because people's consumption needs include not only material needs, spiritual and cultural needs, but also ecological requirements, the natural environment is very important for people's survival and development and to meet people's consumption needs. If the natural environment is destroyed and the ecology is unbalanced, the consumption environment cannot be improved and people's consumption life cannot be guaranteed.
Creating a good consumption environment, maintaining the sustainable development of social economy and building a harmonious socialist society require the joint efforts of all sectors of society. A good consumption environment is an important part of building a harmonious socialist society. To achieve this goal, first of all, operators should strictly fulfill their obligations, strengthen enterprise self-discipline, provide consumers with an environment for goods and services that can be safely consumed, and ensure that the rights enjoyed by consumers are implemented. Governments at all levels and relevant departments should strengthen administrative supervision and regulation of operators while performing their duties of protecting consumers' legitimate rights and interests, and play a leading role in creating a harmonious consumption environment for consumers. Consumers should fully exercise their rights, consciously strengthen the mass supervision of operators' business behavior, take the initiative to reflect problems to relevant departments, promote enterprises to improve their operations, and purify the market environment. All sectors of society should care about and support activities to create a harmonious consumption environment for consumers. Help consumers to establish a strong awareness of sustainable consumption, sustainable development and environmental protection, advocate resource-saving consumption patterns, and maintain a good ecological environment. In short, creating a harmonious consumption environment for consumers is conducive to improving people's living standards and quality of life, promoting consumption, realizing a virtuous cycle of production and consumption, improving the socialist market economic system and promoting social stability.
First, the main performance of tourism's impact on the environment
Through the information collected in social practice, we find that the development of tourism is harmful to the environment.
The influence is manifested in many aspects, and we mainly divide these influences into two categories:
1, the impact of tourism development activities on the local eco-economic model:
* affect the structure of the ecosystem (such as:
Grassland, forest and other types of life
National structure);
* Change the species, quantity and proportion of the ecosystem (such as species, density, age, distribution, etc. );
* affect the function of the ecosystem (for example, the ability to accumulate energy and energy cycle and maintain it)
Nutrient and nutrient cycling ability);
* Change the economic model or development track of tourist areas.
2. Major environmental impacts that tourists may bring to tourist destinations:
* littering,
Causing serious garbage pollution;
* Waste food and drinks, and increase traffic at tourist destinations.
The burden of food;
* Tourists pick flowers, fruits and leaves at will,
Insects and butterflies may destroy natural resources.
Source;
* The noise of tourists may have an impact on the local area.
Interference from other creatures in the environment;
* Tourists' enjoyment of urbanization in tourist areas.
Music requirements may destroy the local language.
Change.
At the same time, the development of tourism will also cause other impacts, such as noise pollution, mainly including 1) noise pollution of tourist vehicles, 2) noise pollution of construction, 3) noise pollution of entertainment places and 4) noise pollution that affects the tourist atmosphere.
In the tourist season, there are many people crowded, and the tourist capacity of the scenic spot far exceeds the carrying capacity of the tourist environment, causing traffic jams, increasing automobile exhaust and polluting the air.
Second, the main ways in which tourism affects the environment
The impact of tourism on the environment comes from many aspects, and we can divide it into two aspects according to the different sources, namely, tourism supply and tourism demand.
1. The impact of tourism suppliers on the environment occurs in the process of tourism development and construction and tourism management. As far as the tourism supply side is concerned, tourism, as a pollution source, is similar to industrial pollution sources, that is, the "three wastes" (waste gas, waste water and waste residue) discharged by tourism service facilities and improper layout cause environmental pollution. In addition, tourism development often destroys the original natural environment and causes ecological imbalance.
2. The impact of tourism demand on the environment occurs in the process of tourists' flow and temporary stay. The main manifestations are: the influx of a large number of people brings congestion and chaos; People's destructive behavior causes pollution and damage to the environment; The trampling of a large number of people has changed the soil quality; The temporary detention of a large number of people has increased people's consumption of production and living materials and energy; Excessive concentration of people has brought about air pollution, noise pollution, visual pollution and other problems.
Due to the particularity of tourism's impact on the environment, and the correlation between tourism supply and tourism demand, the problem of tourism's impact on the environment is more serious.
Thirdly, some suggestions on the impact of tourism on the environment.
The problems brought by the development of tourism, especially the negative impact on the environment, have become more and more serious with the improvement of its economic benefits. What should we do in the face of this problem that cannot be ignored?
Our group discussed this and put forward the following suggestions according to the uniqueness of tourism's impact on the environment through consulting the information:
1, strengthen scientific research on tourism environmental protection and publicity and education on tourism environmental protection knowledge.
For a long time, the study of environmental science has only started from the needs of human health, and rarely from the needs of human spirit and psychology. This is another important aspect of the relationship between human beings and the environment, and it has been fully reflected in human tourism activities.
This paper studies the relationship between tourism environment and tourism from the aspects of the dependence of tourism on tourism environment, the bearing capacity of tourism environment to tourism activities, and the damage of tourism development to tourism environment. This paper studies the methods of tourism environmental protection from the aspects of determining the quality standards of landscape aesthetics, natural ecological quality, environmental quality standards to meet special tourism activities and environmental quality evaluation methods of tourist areas. Study the engineering method of tourism environmental protection from the perspective of aesthetics and psychology; It is also necessary to study tourism environmental protection policies to lay the foundation for correct decision-making.
Strengthen the publicity of tourism environmental protection knowledge, improve people's awareness of tourism environmental protection, and publicize tourism environmental protection knowledge to all tourists, tourism professionals and residents in nearby areas.
2. Investigate tourism resources and environment.
A clear understanding of resources and environment is the premise of sustainable development of tourism. Only by understanding and mastering the situation of tourism resources and environment can we truly achieve sustainable protection and utilization. There are many types of tourism resources in Hainan, which are widely distributed, and their value and development potential are difficult to evaluate. The vertical differentiation and horizontal differentiation of geographical environment are obvious, forming a variety of natural ecology. However, the determination of the environmental capacity of a specific region must be combined with resources, environment and regional leading tourism activities, so it is more complicated. Such investigation and research work is particularly urgent for scenic spots and resorts that have become hot spots at present.
3. Conduct environmental impact assessment of tourism development.
Improper tourism development activities can not make up for the damage to the environment of tourist areas, from the perspective of protection. Before the development, the environmental impact assessment, analysis and identification shall be carried out on the possible impacts during the construction and operation of development activities, and the corresponding tax reduction and exemption countermeasures shall be put forward. Minimize the possible negative impact on the tourism environment. The contents of environmental impact assessment of tourism development include: analysis of environmental carrying capacity of tourist areas, analysis of tourism scale, identification of environmental impact of development activities, analysis of environmental impact of tourism process and so on.
4. Do a good job in the tourism environment planning in the development and construction of tourist areas.
The main reason for the emergence of tourism environmental problems and the decline of environmental quality in tourist areas is improper economic activities of human beings, so it is necessary to formulate scientific, rigorous and predictable tourism environmental planning. It is used to organize and manage economic and tourism activities that damage the tourism environment, so as to solve the contradiction between developing production, expanding the scale of tourism and environmental protection of scenic spots, and make them coordinated, so as to ensure the sustained stability of economic development and tourism activities and prevent environmental damage in tourist areas. The environmental planning of tourist areas is a comprehensive planning of economic development, tourism development and environmental protection in tourist areas. From the perspective of maintaining the aesthetic quality of tourist areas and rationally utilizing tourist resources, this plan applies the principles and methods of system engineering, follows the laws of economic development and environmental aesthetics in tourist areas, and implements overall planning on the structure, scale and layout of economic activities and tourist activities, so as to achieve the purpose of developing economy, expanding tourism and not damaging the environment of tourist areas.
5. Use economic and other means to control the tourism scale of hot tourist factories.
Take measures such as raising the ticket price of hot tourist areas, delineating special tourist attractions and controlling the number of tourists; Adjust the scale of tourism in tourist areas to ensure certain economic benefits while protecting the environment in tourist areas.
6. Strengthen tourism environment legislation.
A perfect legal system is the guarantee to protect the tourism environment. Develop a code of conduct for tourists and tour operators. Enforce compulsory intervention and punishment for sabotage. The main contents of legislation are 1) the examination and approval methods and authority of construction projects in tourist areas; 2) Determination of the scope and content of protection of tourist areas; 3) Punishment for violators, etc.
summary
Through this research activity, we have learned a lot and realized that the impact of tourism development on the environment is a problem that can not be ignored. However, the rapid development of tourism has caused a large influx of tourists, which has both advantages and disadvantages for the social and economic environment of tourist attractions, and cannot be generalized. We should take its essence, discard its dross, make a macro plan for the social and economic development of tourist attractions, and strive to maximize the use of resources for the benefit of mankind.
Although developing tourism is very important, protecting the environment is our unshirkable responsibility. At the same time, we should put environmental protection on the agenda, realize the coordination and unity of environmental protection and economic development, and make the tourism industry in our province sustainable and become a veritable "ecological province".