Long-term hypertension is easy to cause cerebral ischemia and degeneration, and it is easy to form cerebral aneurysms, so there are cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral hemorrhage, hypertension, encephalopathy and cerebral infarction. Among them, cerebral hemorrhage is the most common complication in the late stage of hypertension, and the mortality rate is increasing year by year, which is easy to leave sequelae. Hypertension can also promote the formation of cerebral atherosclerosis and cerebral thrombosis. Lacunar cerebral infarction caused by cerebral arterial occlusive disease. Cerebral hemorrhage is the most common complication of advanced hypertension. The lesion site, bleeding volume and emergency treatment of cerebral hemorrhage have great influence on the prognosis of patients. Generally, the mortality rate is high, and survivors will also leave sequelae such as hemiplegia or aphasia. Therefore, the key to prevent cerebral hemorrhage is to effectively control blood pressure at ordinary times.
Good hypertension is the main risk factor of coronary heart disease. Not only that, the level of blood pressure is also related to the onset of coronary heart disease. The heart is an important organ for maintaining blood pressure. Long-term increase in blood pressure will definitely damage the heart and eventually change the structure and function of the heart. Generally speaking, systolic blood pressure exceeding or exceeding 16kPa will increase the risk of coronary heart disease. With the increase of mortality, the risk of coronary heart disease and hypertension will gradually increase. The damage of hypertension to the heart mainly causes cardiac hypertrophy in the early stage, and heart failure and abnormal heart rate appear in the late stage. At the same time, hypertension often goes hand in hand with coronary atherosclerosis, and the probability of coronary heart disease in patients with hypertension is twice as high as that in those with normal blood pressure.
Elevated blood pressure will damage the intima of coronary artery, make cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein easily penetrate the arterial wall, make coronary artery atherosclerosis and lead to coronary heart disease. Relevant data show that 62.9% ~ 93.6% of patients with coronary heart disease have a history of hypertension. Then once coronary atherosclerosis occurs, its pathological changes are irreversible. It can be seen that hypertension does great harm to the heart and blood vessels. How to prevent coronary heart disease all year round? The prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease are different all year round. This is mainly because there are great environmental changes all year round. Different temperature and humidity environments have different preventive and therapeutic effects on coronary heart disease. For example, in summer, the weather is dry, the temperature is high, and the amount of water in the human body is large, which is not good for coronary heart disease, but it is not good for the human body in summer. The temperature is low, and the protection of coronary heart disease is different from that in summer. According to different environmental factors throughout the year, effective protection against heart disease is helpful to the prognosis of heart disease.
Hypertension is one of the causes of nephropathy, and abnormal renal physiological function is an important factor to induce systemic hypertension, so hypertension interacts with nephropathy to form a vicious circle. After the blood pressure rises, the intima of arterioles in the whole body will contract, spasm, and spasm for a long time, and the wall will be damaged due to changes in glass, so that cholesterol can be easily deposited on the blood vessel wall. Thickening and hardening of vascular wall, lumen stenosis, renal arterioles and glomeruli may all cause this kind of injury and change, leading to renal ischemia, glomerular atrophy, arteriole fibrosis and so on. Mild will reduce renal function. Severe people will have kidney failure. Hypertension can cause polyuria, nocturia and proteinuria in the early stage of renal insufficiency, and about13 untreated hypertensive patients will have hyperuricemia. With the further development of renal damage caused by hypertension, abnormal daily urine may occur, leading to the increase of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Generally speaking, the higher the blood pressure, the higher the degree of renal function damage, but only a few patients died of renal failure in clinic.
Hypertensive disorder during pregnancy refers to the disease that blood pressure rises at the same time during pregnancy, which is one of the most common causes of premature delivery in pregnant women. The incidence rate is about 5% ~ 12%, and the mortality rate accounts for 10% ~ 12% of the total pregnancy mortality rate. The high-risk groups are elderly obese pregnant women, pregnant women with medical syndrome and pregnant women with family history of genetic diseases. Generally, when pregnancy-induced hypertension is difficult to control, obstetricians should advise pregnant women to terminate pregnancy. Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH) is a syndrome with a series of symptoms such as hypertension, edema and proteinuria after 5 months of pregnancy. In severe cases, general convulsions, coma and even death may occur. Chinese medicine is called eclampsia. Seriously threatened the mother's life safety. The cause of the disease is related to age, genetic factors, environmental factors and self-factors.
The most common clinical manifestations of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome are systemic edema, nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, epigastric pain, thrombocytopenia, coagulation dysfunction, fetal growth retardation or fetal events. Pregnancy-induced hypertension has adverse effects on both mother and fetus. Specifically, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is easy to cause placental abruption, heart failure, coagulation disorder, cerebral hemorrhage, renal failure, postpartum blood circulation disorder and so on. Cerebral hemorrhage, heart failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation are the main causes of death in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. In addition, severe pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is the main cause of premature delivery, intrauterine death, stillbirth, neonatal asphyxia and death. With the recovery of pregnant women's illness, the adverse effects on the fetus are becoming more and more serious.
We should actively carry out health education during pregnancy, conduct prenatal check-ups, and do a good job in health care during pregnancy. Through publicity during pregnancy, the majority of women of childbearing age should know about the knowledge of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and the hazards collected, so that pregnant women can consciously conduct prenatal check-ups from the early stage of pregnancy. Regular examination, timely detection, treatment and correction of abnormalities can reduce the occurrence of this disease and prevent its development. Paying attention to the nutrition and rest of pregnant women, guiding pregnant women to reduce the intake of fat and salt, and increasing foods rich in trace elements such as protein, vitamins, iron and calcium are helpful to prevent pregnancy-induced hypertension. In addition, during pregnancy, it is also helpful to guide pregnant women to have a full rest and maintain a good mood, which also helps to inhibit the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension.