According to modern nutrition theory, there are seven nutrients in food: carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamins, inorganic salts, water and dietary fiber. These nutrients can meet the needs of the human body to maintain normal physiological functions and engage in labor, and provide various organ nutrients for the growth, development and repair of cells and tissues.
First, the nutrition collocation is scientific and balanced, and the varieties are diversified.
Nutrition is the most important factor to ensure children's growth and physical and mental health. No natural food can contain all the nutrients the human body needs. For example, the high nutritional value of an egg means that it contains high nutritional ingredients such as protein; Breast milk is an ideal food for babies, but it contains little iron. Refined powder is delicate and delicious, but it lacks vitamin B. It can be seen that only a reasonable combination of food can meet the human body's demand for various nutrients.
Therefore, when arranging children's nutritious meals, we should follow the principle of comprehensive and rich varieties, and scientifically and reasonably match all kinds of foods. Such as cereal, meat, eggs, vegetables and bean products. Not only should we eat it every day, but the amount of various foods should be in a certain proportion in the diet to provide rich nutrition for young children. For example, according to the Requirements of Daily Meal Plan for Children Aged 3-6 in Kindergarten, when making children's recipes, it is necessary to ensure that children's daily cereal 100g ~ 125g, meat 60g ~ 70g, eggs 30g ~ 60g and vegetables 100g ~ 125g. 20-30g of bean products each time, 2-3 times a week. In order to balance nutrition, children can arrange some coarse grains every week, such as sesame, corn, oats, millet, purple potato, taro and so on. Kindergartens must match meals according to the amount, and children should also eat according to the amount, but we should grasp the principle of "appropriate amount" so that "amount" can meet children's requirements for various nutrients, so as to ensure the normal development of children's bodies and play a role in balancing nutrition.
Second, according to the age characteristics of children, a reasonable diet.
Children aged 3-6 are in the critical period of physical growth and intellectual development, which is characterized by vigorous metabolism and increased material and energy needed for growth and life activities. Many parents only know to let their children eat more fish, meat, shrimp, vegetables and so on. But they often ignore the nutritious cereal. Children's insufficient grain intake can also cause nutritional imbalance. Because: 1. Cereals can provide more than 70% of calories and 50% of protein needed by human body. 2. Cereals are rich in B vitamins, among which vitamin B 1 can increase appetite, help digestion and promote children's growth and development; Vitamin B2 can prevent angular stomatitis, cheilitis and glossitis. 3. Grains can also provide certain plant protein, which plays an extremely important role in the growth and development of young children. 4. Grains are rich in minerals, mainly calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, copper, manganese and zinc. 5. The fat content in cereals is low, and most of them are unsaturated fatty acids, which are easy to absorb and ingest. 6. Cereals also contain a small amount of lecithin, which is an essential nutrient for human brain and can promote brain development. Therefore, when arranging children's meals, we should arrange three meals scientifically and reasonably, and pay attention to the collocation of various nutrients, so as to make coarse grains flour and rice collocation, vegetarian dishes collocation, sweet and salty collocation and lean collocation, and not repeat the main and non-staple food mode of two-point meals.
Third, conscientiously implement the nutritious diet system to ensure the normal growth and development of young children.
It is necessary to implement reasonable meal time and frequency to ensure children's normal physiological activities. Children's meals advocate timing, fixed-point and quantitative.
Timing means that there is a certain time for eating, and there is a certain interval between meals. If the interval is too long, the gastrointestinal tract will be completely emptied, causing severe hunger and consuming nutrients in the tissue. If the interval is too short, the food in the child's gastrointestinal tract has not been digested and absorbed, and there is no appetite at all. Therefore, the interval between meals depends on how long the food stays in the stomach. Generally, mixed food stays in the stomach for about 3 to 4 hours, so the interval between meals should be 3 to 4 hours.
Fixed point means that children should have a certain place and a fixed position when eating. For example, some children have no fixed point when eating, play while eating, or even feed adults from time to time, so it is difficult to form a normal lifestyle, and children also lack a good appetite, which not only affects children's intake of nutrition, but also is extremely unfavorable to their development. Quantification should be carried out according to the formulated meal plan and the prescribed food intake. Therefore, when making the weekly diet, we should carefully analyze and timely adjust the children's diet next week according to the ration of children's daily diet, the supply of markets and seasons, the conclusion of nutrition analysis last week and the cooking situation of dishes, so as to make children's nutrition more reasonable and perfect.