1, physical examination children Physical examination targets children under 7 years old, with emphasis on infants.
2. The younger the age, the more physical examinations. After the physical examination, it is necessary to evaluate the development, correct the deficiency and treat the disease in time. Generally, it can be carried out according to the following time.
1) Newborns: Physical examination should be conducted on the 2nd, 7th, 1 1 28th day of birth, ***4 times.
2) In infancy: physical examination once every 3, 6 and 9 months, once every 1 year, and four times.
3) 1-3-year-old children should be examined once every six months.
4) Children aged 3-7 should be examined once a year.
3. Matters needing attention during physical examination
1) Use unified physical examination forms (cards, books); Unified measurement method; Unified evaluation and diagnosis criteria.
2) During the physical examination, we should patiently and carefully understand the overall situation of the children under investigation, pay attention to inquiry and inspection, make evaluation, and give timely guidance when problems are found.
3) Screening out frail children, establishing project management and treating diseases in time.
4. Physical examination content The physical examination of children includes consultation, physical development measurement and systemic preparation system examination.
1) Ask about the date of birth (Gregorian calendar) and calculate the full age.
2) Key points of neonatal counseling at all ages: mother's health status during pregnancy, delivery and general health status of children after birth. The emphasis is on the history of asphyxia, jaundice, vomiting and convulsion. The key points of mid-term diagnosis of infants: feeding situation (breastfeeding, artificial feeding or mixed feeding), supplementary food addition and weaning time; Whether there are early symptoms of rickets; The age at which children can sit, climb, stand and walk; Children's visual, auditory and language development; Have you ever suffered from acute infectious diseases and completed vaccination? Key points of preschool diagnosis: children's neuropsychiatric development, food content and eating habits; Family or preschool education.
3) children's physical development measurement
Weight measurement: according to the standard weight scale, children wear pants and vests, which can be measured in winter, but the weight of clothes should be removed (at night, after the children undress and go to bed, their mothers can weigh the clothes).
Body length measurement: let the child stand upright against the wall, and measure the distance from the heel (take off the shoes) to the top of the head with a tape measure (the number read at the intersection of the top of the head with a ruler is the body length). Measurement of supine position of children under 3 years old, in centimeters.
Head circumference measurement: the tape measure passes through the two eyebrow arches, and the occipital bone protrudes around the head, that is, the head circumference, in centimeters.
Measurement of bust: the tape measure passes through the lower edges of two nipples and two shoulder blades and circles around the chest, which is the bust, and the unit is cm.
4) General examination Ask the pediatrician to give the child a general examination.