1, what should I eat for osteoporosis?
1, Huangqi Shrimp Skin Decoction
20g of astragalus root and 50g of dried shrimps. Slice Astragalus membranaceus, put it in a pot, add appropriate amount of water, decoct for 40 minutes, remove residues to get juice, add washed shrimp skin, add water and seasonings such as onion, ginger and refined salt, and stew for 20 minutes. When taken as soup with meals, it can tonify spleen and kidney, calcium and prevent osteoporosis.
2. Sesame walnut powder
250g of black sesame, 250g of walnut kernel and 50g of sugar. Removing impurities from black sesame, drying in the sun, frying, grinding walnut kernel into fine powder, adding white sugar, mixing well and bottling for later use. Twice a day, 25 grams each time, with warm water. It can nourish kidney yin and resist osteoporosis.
3, peach crisp bean paste
150g lentils, 25g black sesame seeds, 5g walnut kernels and proper amount of sugar. Boil lentils in boiling water for 30 minutes, then peel them, steam them and mash them. Stir-fried sesame seeds and ground into powder for later use. After the oil is hot, stir-fry the lentil paste until the water is almost used up, add white sugar and stir-fry, then add sesame, white sugar and walnut kernel to melt and stir-fry. It can strengthen spleen and kidney, and resist osteoporosis.
4, eggplant shrimp cake
250 grams of eggplant, 50 grams of shrimp skin, 500 grams of flour, two eggs, and appropriate amounts of yellow wine, ginger, soy sauce, sesame oil, refined salt, sugar and monosodium glutamate. Shredding eggplant with salt/kloc-0.5 minutes, squeezing out water, adding shrimp skin soaked in wine, adding shredded ginger, soy sauce, sugar, sesame oil and monosodium glutamate, and mixing to make stuffing. Mix flour with egg liquid and water to make flour paste. Dip 60% hot vegetable oil into a spoonful of batter, spread it into a cake in a rotating pot with stuffing in the middle, cover half a spoonful of batter and fry on both sides. Regular consumption can supplement calcium and prevent osteoporosis.
5, radish kelp ribs soup
250g of ribs, 250g of white radish, 50g of laver, yellow wine, ginger, refined salt and monosodium glutamate. Boil the spareribs in water to remove the foam, add ginger slices and yellow wine, and simmer until cooked. When cooked, add shredded radish and cook for 5 ~ 10 minutes. After seasoning, add shredded kelp and monosodium glutamate and boil. It can supplement calcium and prevent osteoporosis.
Brown sugar sesame paste brown sugar, black sesame each 25g, lotus root starch100g. Stir-fry black sesame seeds and white sesame seeds first, then add lotus root starch, take it with boiling water, then add brown sugar and mix well. Drink it once a day. It can supplement calcium and is suitable for middle-aged and elderly people with calcium deficiency.
These are the dietotherapy and medicated diets for the elderly to recuperate osteoporosis. Osteoporosis patients may wish to try! Dietotherapy combined with doctors' active treatment will definitely make your body healthier!
2. What are the causes of osteoporosis?
1, endocrine factors
Female patients suffer from osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency, while male patients suffer from decreased testosterone level due to sexual dysfunction. Osteoporosis is particularly common in postmenopausal women, and premature ovarian failure leads to early osteoporosis, suggesting that estrogen reduction is an important factor in osteoporosis. Within five years after menopause, there will be a sudden and significant accelerated bone loss stage. It is common for bone mass to decrease by 2% ~ 5% every year. About 20% ~ 30% women in early menopause lose 3%/ year, which is called rapid bone loss, while 70% ~ 80% women lose 3%/ year, which is called normal bone loss. Thin women are more prone to osteoporosis and fracture than fat women, which is the result of the conversion of androgen into estrogen in the latter adipose tissue. Compared with normal women of the same age, there is no significant difference in serum estrogen level in patients with osteoporosis, indicating that estrogen reduction is not the only factor leading to osteoporosis.
Generally speaking, the elderly have a physiological decline in renal function, which is characterized by a decrease in the production of 1, 25-(OH2) D3 and a decrease in blood calcium, thus stimulating the secretion of parathyroid hormone. Therefore, most scholars report that the concentration of parathyroid hormone in blood often increases with age, and the increase range can reach 30% or even higher. The study of parathyroid function in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis shows that the function is low, normal and hyperthyroidism. It is generally believed that osteoporosis in the elderly is related to hyperparathyroidism.
The research shows that the serum calcitonin level of women in all age groups is lower than that of men, and that of menopausal women is lower than that of menopausal women. Therefore, it is considered that the decrease of serum calcitonin level may be one of the reasons why women are prone to osteoporosis. After intravenous calcium supplementation, the increase of serum calcitonin in women was significantly lower than that in men, and the basic and increased values of serum calcitonin were negatively correlated with age. The endocrinology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital reported that there was no significant difference in calcitonin reserve function between premenopausal and postmenopausal healthy volunteers after intravenous infusion of calcitonin. However, the calcitonin reserve function in patients with osteopenia and osteoporosis is decreased, and the latter is more obvious, suggesting that the decrease of calcitonin reserve function may be involved in the occurrence of osteoporosis. There are many reports about the decrease of serum calcitonin level in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, but there are also reports of normal and mild increase.
With the increase of age, the function of osteoblasts and the activity of 1-α- hydroxylase in kidney are impaired, and the related concentration of 1, 25-(OH2) D3 decreases, which also participates in the formation of osteoporosis. Other endocrine disorders, such as Cushing's syndrome, produce too many endogenous corticosteroids or chronic thyrotoxicosis, leading to increased bone absorption or excretion, which is related to the formation of osteoporosis.
2. Genetic factors
Osteoporosis is common in whites, especially in northern Europe, followed by Asians, but rare in blacks. Bone mineral density is an important index to diagnose osteoporosis. BMD value is mainly determined by genetic factors, followed by environmental factors. It is reported that the difference in bone mineral density between young twins is four times that between identical twins. However, the difference of bone mineral density between adult twins is 19 times that of identical twins. Recent studies have pointed out that bone mineral density is closely related to the polymorphism of vitamin D receptor genotype. 1994 Morrison et al reported that the genotype of vitamin D receptor can predict the difference of bone mineral density, accounting for 75% of the whole genetic influence. After adjusting various environmental factors, the bone mineral density of bb genotype can be about 15% higher than that of BB genotype. In the incidence of spinal fracture, bb genotype is about 10 years later than bb genotype, while in the incidence of hip fracture, BB genotype walker is only 1/4 of BB genotype. The preliminary results of this study show that there are great differences between races and countries, and the final results still need further study. Other studies on the relationship between collagen gene and estrogen receptor gene and osteoporosis have also been reported, but there is no clear conclusion yet.
3. Nutritional factors
It has been found that the calcium intake of adolescents is directly related to the peak bone mass of adults. Calcium deficiency leads to the increase of PTH secretion and bone absorption, and people with low calcium diet are prone to osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency leads to mineralization damage of bone matrix, which may lead to osteomalacia. Long-term protein deficiency leads to insufficient synthesis of bone mechanism proteins, which leads to the backwardness of new bone formation. If calcium deficiency occurs at the same time, osteoporosis will accelerate. Vitamin C is indispensable in the synthesis of hydroxyproline in bone matrix, which can maintain the normal growth of bone matrix and maintain sufficient alkaline phosphatase produced by bone cells. If vitamin C is lacking, the synthesis of bone matrix can be reduced.