Diagnostic classification
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First of all, we should know that there are two categories of human psychology, normal psychology and abnormal psychology. The so-called abnormal psychology, popularly speaking, is what we usually call neuropathy or madness, and the mental state is extremely abnormal. Such people generally need to be sent to a hospital or a mental hospital, and they need to take medicine for medical treatment. Abnormal psychology can be divided into neurosis, severe psychosis and personality disorder.
Then the rest of the normal psychology is divided into healthy psychology and unhealthy psychology. Some people may have some unhealthy psychological problems, but ta still belongs to the category of normal people. People who are mentally unhealthy don't need to go to the hospital to take medicine. Usually, they will seek the help of a psychological counselor. Unhealthy psychology is divided into general psychological problems, serious psychological problems and suspected neurosis.
You can give a possibly inappropriate example to understand the difference between abnormal psychology and unhealthy psychology.
Unhealthy psychology is more like catching a cold, getting angry and other minor illnesses, and each of us may catch it carelessly. However, according to everyone's situation, some people will find ways to heal themselves if the symptoms don't last long, such as drinking more hot water and keeping warm to make a cold heal; And some people, ta may be difficult to do for some reasons, such as not drinking hot water and not paying attention to keeping warm, so the cold persists and cannot be cured. Then such people need to seek the help of psychological counseling, which will prescribe cold medicine for you.
In fact, many people are more or less unhealthy, but because this problem has not seriously affected ta's life, I will not think of seeking the help of a consultant. So you don't have to worry about getting sick when you go to psychological counseling. This is a psychological problem that normal people have. Moreover, even completely healthy people can do psychological counseling. Psychological counseling can not only help solve problems, but also help visitors grow up. It is necessary to popularize science here. Psychological counselors can only help people with normal psychology, that is, mental health and mental unhealthy mentioned above. If you are mentally abnormal, you should go to the hospital in time. Only a psychologist can treat such a patient. Then talk about abnormal psychology)
Abnormal psychology I compare to cancer, cells have metamorphosed, so they are out of our normal category. The inner thoughts and behaviors you hold no longer belong to a normal person. So abnormal psychology can be cured, okay? Sure! Just like cancer. Although it sounds serious, it is not an incurable disease. We have also heard many cases in which patients actively cooperate with doctors to fight and defeat cancer, and so does abnormal psychology ~
I tried my best to explain the relationship between them in easy-to-understand Chinese, and then attached the criteria for evaluating different psychological States. What is abnormal and unhealthy?
1. abnormal psychology
Common psychological abnormal symptoms:
Cognitive impairment: (1) perceptual impairment (including hallucinations); (2) Thinking disorder (including delusion); (3) Attention disorder, memory disorder and mental retardation; (4) Impairment of insight
bad mood disorders
Will-behavior disorder
Diagnostic basis of abnormal psychology:
(1) Is the subjective world consistent with the objective world?
(2) Internal coordination of psychological activities
(3) the relative stability of personality
2. Unhealthy psychology
(1) Basis for diagnosis of general psychological problems:
(1) Due to real life, work pressure, mistakes and other factors, it is normal to have inner conflicts, thus experiencing bad emotions;
(2) The bad mood lasts for one month without interruption, or two months without interruption, but it still cannot be solved by itself;
(3) The negative emotional reaction is still under a considerable degree of rational control, and it can always maintain normal behavior and basically maintain normal life, study and social interaction, but the efficiency has declined;
④ From beginning to end, the factors that stimulate bad mood are limited to the initial events; Even other events related to the original event will not cause such bad emotions, that is, the emotions are not universal.
(To put it simply: recent events are not generalized, emotional problems are not strong, there are logical reasons, and the personality is obviously normal. )
(2) Diagnostic basis of serious psychological problems:
① The reason is the strong realistic stimulus that threatens individuals;
(2) From the beginning of the painful emotion, the painful emotion intermittently lasts for more than two months and less than half a year;
③ The greater the stimulus intensity, the stronger the reaction. In most cases, it will temporarily lose rational control; It has a certain degree of influence on life, work and social interaction (that is, the social function is impaired).
④ Painful emotion can be caused not only by the initial stimulus, but also by the stimulus similar to and related to the initial stimulus, that is, the reaction object is generalized.
(3) Psychological problems of neurosis (suspected neurosis):
Inner conflict is deformed; The total score is 4~5 points
Features: ① Psychological conflict of consciousness (deformation: self-consciousness); (2) mental distress (active medical treatment); ③ Perseverance; (4) Impaired psychological or social function; ⑤ There is no organic disease as the basis.
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