⑴ Discuss the educational ideas embodied in the Guide.
"I studied the Guide with great concentration and improved my educational philosophy, especially many
⑴ Discuss the educational ideas embodied in the Guide.
"I studied the Guide with great concentration and improved my educational philosophy, especially many ideas in the Guide made me realize.
First, pay attention to children's health.
The guide requires us educators to meet children's outdoor time for at least two hours every day. The guide also points out that children aged 3-4 should be able to move in a hot or cold outdoor environment; In a new environment, emotions can be faster and more stable, and sleep and diet are basically normal; With help, you can quickly adapt to the collective life. By the age of 5-6, even if you change to a new kindergarten, you should be able to adapt quickly.
In order to improve children's adaptability, the guide suggests ensuring children's outdoor activities time and improving their ability to adapt to seasonal changes. Children's outdoor activities are generally not less than two hours a day, of which sports activities are not less than 1 hour, which should be adhered to when the seasons alternate.
Physical development in early childhood is very important. Kindergartens should help children improve their physical fitness by providing various outdoor materials and various forms of exercise.
Many parents protect their children too much, give them too few opportunities to exercise, and pay more attention to intelligence than exercise, and pay insufficient attention to their physical fitness and coordination ability. Many parents also reported many interest classes to their children after school, which occupied their children's play time. Therefore, it is necessary to further emancipate parents' minds and give children a bright kindergarten time.
Second, pay attention to children's self-protection.
The guide points out that children aged 3-4 either eat what strangers give or go with strangers; When you get lost in a public place, you can tell the police or relevant personnel the names and telephone numbers of yourself and your parents. 5-6 years old, learn not to open the door to strangers and know some basic knowledge of disaster prevention.
Our teachers should learn to educate 3-year-old children about safety by telling stories and performing scenes. Teach children not to go with strangers, strangers can't give them delicious food and fun. For example, let the child perform the children's song "Bunny Baby" by himself, so that he can understand that he can't go with strangers except his parents and familiar family.
Parents should also educate their children in this respect, telling them why they can't go with strangers, how anxious their parents will be if they can't find them, and hold the hands of adults tightly when going out. But at the same time, you should tell your children that you can't tell strangers your home address. Only tell strangers, such as the police, when teachers and family members are not around and need help to eliminate unsafe factors.
The ability development of 3-6-year-old children has its critical period. The guide gives guidance to kindergartens and parents on the concept of children's health and self-protection in the critical period, which undoubtedly has a positive effect on parents and kindergartens to fully understand the characteristics of children's physical and mental development and comprehensively cultivate children. As the leaders of kindergarten education, we should emancipate our minds, raise our awareness, try our best to practice the spirit of the Guide and do our preschool education better.
(2) How many learning and development goals and educational suggestions does the guide contain?
The guide has (32) learning and development goals and (87) educational suggestions.
1, the guide describes children's learning and development from five aspects: health, language, social life, scientific answer and art.
2. In the guide, the social field has two sub-fields: interpersonal communication and social adaptation.
3. The goal of "feeling and appreciating" in the art field includes liking the beautiful things in nature and life and appreciating various art forms and works.
4. The educational suggestion part of the Guide lists some educational ways and methods that can effectively help and promote children's learning and development.
⑶ Discuss the educational ideas embodied in the Guide and how to scientifically implement the Guide in one day's activities.
What educational ideas does the Guide embody? Would you please talk about how to scientifically implement the guide in one-day activities in combination with your usual teaching practice?
A: This guide is applicable to kindergarten teachers and parents. It has strong operability and practicability, and emphasizes the following educational concepts:
1. Children are active learners. The most important thing to promote children's learning and development is to create opportunities and conditions for children, pay attention to stimulating and protecting children's thirst for knowledge and interest in learning, mobilize children's enthusiasm and initiative in learning, and encourage, support and guide children to actively explore and learn.
2. Cherish the unique value of childhood. We should fully understand the educational value of life and games to children's growth, and grasp the educational opportunities contained in them, so that children can feel experiences, share cooperation and enjoy happiness in their daily lives and in their interactions with peers and adults.
3. Respect children's learning style and learning characteristics. Maximize and support children's needs to gain experience through direct perception, practical operation and personal experience. It is strictly forbidden to "pull out the seedlings to encourage" advanced education and intensive training.
4. Respect individual differences in children's development. Children's learning style and development speed are different, and their performance in different learning and development fields is also obviously different. The younger the children are, the more obvious the individual differences are. Adults should not require children to reach the same level at the same time, but should allow children to reach the "ladder" of development presented in the guide at their own speed and way, instead of measuring all children with a "ruler".
5. Pay attention to family education. It is necessary to emphasize the important influence of family education on children's lifelong learning and development, advocate the establishment of good parent-child relationship, create an equal and warm family environment, and attach importance to the subtle influence of parents on children. Only parents and kindergartens work together can effectively promote the healthy growth of children's body and mind, otherwise it will get twice the result with half the effort.
(4) A development guide for children aged 3-6.
In order to thoroughly implement the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020) and the State Council's Opinions on Developing Preschool Education at Present (Guo Fa [20/KLOC-0] No.41), guide kindergartens and families to implement scientific conservation and education, and promote the comprehensive and harmonious development of children's body and mind;
On September 9, 2006, 5438+02, 10, the Ministry of Education officially promulgated the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6, which provided concrete methods and suggestions for preventing and overcoming the phenomenon of "primary school" in preschool education.
The Guide describes children's learning and development from five areas: health, language, society, science and art, and puts forward reasonable expectations for what children should know, do and achieve at the end of three age groups: 3 to 4 years old, 4 to 5 years old and 5 to 6 years old. At the same time, in view of the common puzzles and misunderstandings in preschool education, it provides concrete and operable guidance and suggestions for parents and kindergarten teachers.
(4) Extended reading of educational guide.
The Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6 is a beacon to guide kindergartens to carry out quality education in depth and to guide kindergarten teachers to carry out their work scientifically. Therefore, it is the fundamental task of every kindergarten teacher to study the spirit of the Guide seriously, and it is also the practical need of their own work. This semester, Gangcheng Modern Kindergarten has taken many measures to learn the Guide.
Firstly, the educational objectives and suggestions in five fields are explained in detail. Let every teacher be familiar with children's development goals in five areas, but the guide is not a standard. The children we meet in education and teaching practice can't be exactly the same. Respecting children's original level and guiding them to a higher level is the best interpretation of the Guide.
Second, through interactive games in the training process, teachers can realize that only by their own operation and practice can they gain more experience, let these experiences be applied to their daily work, lead teachers to apply what they have learned and learn to use guides to lead their own education and teaching work.
Third, we should learn the Guide well and make good use of it in combination with our daily educational practice. Constantly use advanced educational ideas and behaviors to guide the way forward, improve teachers' professional quality, innovate educational ideas, adjust educational ideas, and effectively improve the quality of kindergarten education.
In the future work, we will continue to interpret the Guide, constantly enrich teachers' own theoretical level, and let children get all-round development.
What is the goal of health in the education guide for 5.3-6 years old?
Health goals:
Health includes both physical and psychological aspects, and it is a state of perfect body and mind and good adaptability. Early childhood is an extremely rapid period of children's physical and functional development, and it is also an important stage to form a sense of security and optimism.
A well-developed body, happy mood, strong physique, coordinated movements, good living habits and basic living ability are important signs of children's physical and mental health, and are also the basis for learning and development in other fields.
In order to effectively promote children's physical and mental health development, adults should provide children with reasonable and balanced nutrition, ensure adequate sleep and appropriate exercise, and meet the needs of children's growth and development; Create a warm interpersonal environment, so that children can fully feel affection and care, and form a positive and stable mood; Help children develop good habits of living and hygiene, improve their self-protection ability, and form a life-long beneficial ability and civilized lifestyle.
Children's physical and mental development is not yet mature, and they need careful care and care from adults, but they should not be overprotected and arranged instead, so as not to deprive children of the opportunity to learn independently, develop the bad habit of excessive dependence, and affect their initiative and independent development.
(5) Extended reading of educational guide:
The field of health includes three aspects, which points out the basic direction for kindergartens to carry out health work:
The Guide divides children's learning and development in the field of health into three aspects: physical and mental condition, sports development, living habits and living ability.
"Physical and mental condition" includes children's physical and mental development, which is an important embodiment of the correct concept of health. Among them, according to the three dimensions of children's physical development, emotional expression and adaptability, the specific goals that children need to learn and develop are put forward, which are embodied in the basic situation of children's physical form, function and psychological development.
"Action development" includes the development goals of body big muscle action and hand small muscle action. The development of children's movements is an important manifestation of the development of physical function, and it is also internally related to the development of children's psychology. Childhood is an important period for the development of body movements. The development of children's body movements is
Basic ability to adapt to social life.
"Living habits and living ability" includes living habits, hygiene habits, self-care ability and safe living ability, which are closely related to the healthy growth of children. Good living and hygiene habits are an important guarantee for maintaining and promoting children's own health. Early childhood is an important period for the formation of formal good behaviors and habits. Children need to start from study and life to lay the foundation for independent life in the future. Self-care ability and safe living ability are also important abilities for children to adapt to social life.
Shanghai Preschool Education Network-A Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6
Network-A Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6
[6] What is the core of the learning development guide for children aged 3-6?
The Guide describes children's learning and development from five areas: health, language, society, science and art, and puts forward reasonable expectations for what children should know, do and achieve at the end of three age groups: 3-4, 4-5 and 5-6. At the same time, in view of the common puzzles and misunderstandings in preschool education, it provides concrete and operable guidance and suggestions for parents and kindergarten teachers.
The guide was formulated in 2006. The expert group analyzed and compared the relevant contents of 13 countries' guidelines for children's learning and development, and spent two years extensively soliciting the opinions of kindergarten directors, teachers and parents, and selected 3,600 children and their parents in the eastern, central and western regions of the country as the survey objects. Before the official version of the Guide was published, it solicited opinions from the education administrative departments of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and relevant normal colleges twice, and publicly solicited opinions on the portal website of the Ministry of Education.
According to the person in charge of the Steering Committee of Preschool Education Experts of the Ministry of Education, the guide emphasizes the need to fully understand the educational value of life and games to children's growth, and it is strictly forbidden to "pull out the seedlings to encourage them" and strengthen training; Adults should not use a "ruler" to measure all advanced educational concepts such as children.
(7) What are the goals and educational priorities of the five main areas in the Education Guide?
First, health.
(1) target
1. Good health, emotional stability and happy collective life;
2. Good living habits and basic self-care ability;
3. Understand the necessary safety and health knowledge and learn to protect yourself.
(2) Contents and requirements
1. Establish a good teacher-student relationship and peer relationship, so that children can feel warm and happy in collective life and form a sense of security and trust.
2. According to the needs of children, cooperate with parents to establish a scientific life schedule. Cultivate children's good eating, sleeping, washing, excreting and other living habits and self-care ability.
3. Educate children to love cleanliness and pay attention to keeping personal and living places clean and hygienic.
4. Carry out safety, nutrition and health education in close connection with children's lives to improve children's awareness and ability of self-protection.
5. Develop colorful outdoor games and sports activities, cultivate children's interest and habits in participating in sports activities, enhance their physical fitness and improve their adaptability to the environment.
(3) Guiding points
1. Kindergartens must give priority to protecting children's lives and promoting their health. Establish a correct concept of health, attach great importance to children's mental health while attaching importance to their physical health.
2. We should not only attach great importance to and meet children's needs for protection and care, but also respect and meet their growing demands for independence, avoid over-protection and arranged substitution, and encourage and guide children to take care of themselves and stand on their own feet.
3. Activities in the field of health should fully respect the laws of children's growth and development, and competitions, performances or trainings harmful to children's health are strictly prohibited in any name.
Second, language.
(1) target
1. Willing to talk with people and speak politely;
2. Pay attention to each other's words and understand everyday language;
3. Be able to say what you want to say clearly.
(2) Contents and requirements
1. Create a free and relaxed language communication environment, support, encourage and attract children to talk with teachers, peers or others, experience the fun of language communication, and learn to use appropriate and polite language communication.
2. Cultivate children's habit of paying attention to listening and develop their language understanding ability.
3. Encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings boldly and clearly, try to explain and describe simple things or processes, and develop language expression and thinking ability.
4. Guide children to contact excellent children's literature works, let them feel the richness and beauty of the language, and help them deepen their experience and understanding of the works through various activities.
5. Cultivate children's interest in simple marks and text symbols that are common in life.
(3) Guiding points
1. Language ability is developed in the process of application. The key to developing children's language is to create an environment in which children want to speak, dare to speak, like to speak, have the opportunity to speak and get positive responses.
2. The development of children's language is closely related to the development of their emotion, experience, thinking and social communication ability. Therefore, the important way to develop children's language is to expand children's experience in colorful activities and provide conditions for promoting language development through education in all aspects.
Third, society.
(1) target
1. Be able to actively participate in various activities and have confidence;
2. Be willing to associate with others, learn to help each other, cooperate and share, and be compassionate;
3. Understand and abide by the basic social behavior rules in daily life;
(2) Contents and requirements
1. Guide children to participate in various group activities, experience the fun of living with teachers and peers, help children correctly understand themselves and others, develop a close and cooperative attitude towards others and society, and learn preliminary interpersonal skills.
2. Provide every child with opportunities to develop their strengths and achieve success, and enhance their self-esteem and self-confidence.
3. Provide opportunities for free activities, support children to choose and plan activities independently, encourage children to solve problems through various efforts, and don't give up trying to overcome difficulties easily.
4. Guide children to know, experience and understand basic social behavior rules in various ways, and learn to be self-disciplined and respect others in daily life and activities.
5. Educate children to care for toys and other items, and care for public property and public environment.
6. Cooperate with families and communities, guide children to know their loved ones and the work of people from all walks of life related to their lives, and cultivate children's love for workers and respect for the fruits of labor.
(3) Guiding points
1. Education in the social field has subtle characteristics. The cultivation of children's social attitudes and social emotions should especially permeate all aspects of activities and daily life. We should create a good environment in which children can feel accepted, cared for and supported, and avoid single and inflexible oral preaching.
2. Living, communicating, exploring and playing with adults and peers is an important way for children to learn socially. To provide children with opportunities and conditions for interpersonal communication and * * * activities, and guide them.
3. Social learning is a long process of accumulation, which requires close cooperation and coordination among kindergartens, families and society to promote the formation of good social quality of children.
Fourth, science.
(1) target
1. Interested in and curious about things and phenomena around you;
2. Be able to use various senses, use your hands and brains, and explore problems;
3. The process and results of exploration can be expressed and communicated in an appropriate way;
4. Can feel the quantitative relationship of things from life and games, and experience the importance and interest of mathematics;
5. Take care of animals and plants, care about the surrounding environment, be close to nature, cherish natural resources, and have a preliminary awareness of environmental protection.
(2) Contents and requirements
1. Guide children to have interest and desire in the characteristics and changing rules of common things and phenomena around them.
2. Create a relaxed environment for children's inquiry activities, so that every child has the opportunity to participate in the attempt, support and encourage them to ask questions boldly, express different opinions, and learn to respect the views and experiences of others.
3. Provide rich and operable materials to provide conditions for each child to explore in various senses and ways.
4. By guiding children to actively participate in group discussion and exploration, learn to express, communicate and share the process and results of exploration in various ways, and cultivate children's awareness and ability of cooperative learning.
5. Guide children to be interested in the phenomena of number, quantity, shape, time and space in the surrounding environment, construct a preliminary concept of number, and learn to solve some simple problems in life and games with simple mathematical methods.
(3) Guiding points
1. Children's science education is scientific enlightenment education, focusing on stimulating children's interest in knowledge and desire to explore.
2. Try to create conditions for children to actually participate in inquiry activities, so that they can feel the process and methods of scientific inquiry and experience the fun of discovery.
3. Science education should be closely related to children's real life, and take the things and phenomena around them as the objects of scientific exploration.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) art
(1) target
1. Can initially feel and love the beauty in the environment, life and art;
2. I like to participate in art activities and can boldly express my feelings and experiences;
3. Be able to carry out artistic expression activities in your favorite way.
(2) Contents and requirements
1. Guide children to get in touch with beautiful people, things and things in the surrounding environment and life, enrich their perceptual experience and aesthetic taste, and stimulate their interest in expressing beauty and creating beauty.
2. Facing all children in artistic activities, we should aim at their different characteristics and needs, so that every child can be influenced and cultivated by beauty. Children with artistic talent should pay attention to developing their artistic potential.
3. Provide opportunities for free expression, encourage children to boldly express their feelings, understanding and imagination in different artistic forms, respect each child's ideas and creations, affirm and accept their unique aesthetic feelings and expressions, and share the happiness they create.
4. While supporting and encouraging children to actively participate in various artistic activities and express themselves boldly, help them improve their performance skills and abilities.
(3) Guiding points
1. Art is the main way to implement aesthetic education. We should give full play to the emotional education function of art and promote the formation of children's sound personality. It is necessary to avoid focusing only on the performance skills or the results of artistic activities, while ignoring children's emotional experience and attitude tendency in the process of activities.
2. Children's creative process and works are important ways for them to express their knowledge and feelings. It is necessary to support children to develop their individuality and creativity and overcome the prejudice of overemphasizing skills and standardization requirements.
3. Children's artistic activity ability is gradually developed in the process of bold expression. The role of teachers should mainly stimulate children's interest in feeling and expressing beauty, enrich their aesthetic experience and make them experience the joy of free expression and creation. On this basis, according to children's development and needs, timely and appropriate guidance is given to expression methods and skills.
Five areas of preschool education (language)
The content of kindergarten education is comprehensive and enlightening, which can be divided into five fields, such as health, language, society, science and art, and can also be divided into other different fields. The content of various fields permeates each other, which promotes the development of children's emotion, attitude, ability, knowledge and skills from different angles.
I. Objectives
1. Willing to talk with people and speak politely;
2. Pay attention to each other's words and understand everyday language;
3. Be able to clearly say what you want to say;
4. Like to listen to stories and read books;
5. Be able to understand and speak Mandarin.
Second, the content and requirements
1. Create a free and relaxed language communication environment, support, encourage and attract children to talk with teachers, peers or others, experience the fun of language communication, and learn to use appropriate and polite language communication.
2. Cultivate children's habit of paying attention to listening and develop their language understanding ability.
3. Encourage children to express their thoughts and feelings boldly and clearly, try to explain and describe simple things or processes, and develop language expression and thinking ability.
4. Guide children to contact excellent children's literature works, let them feel the richness and beauty of the language, and help them deepen their experience and understanding of the works through various activities.
5. Cultivate children's interest in simple marks and text symbols that are common in life.
Third, the guiding points
1. Language ability is developed in the process of application. The key to developing children's language is to create an environment in which children want to speak, dare to speak, like to speak, have the opportunity to speak and get positive responses.
2. The development of children's language is closely related to the development of their emotion, experience, thinking and social communication ability. Therefore, the important way to develop children's language is to expand children's experience in colorful activities and provide conditions for promoting language development through education in all aspects.
3. Children's language learning has personalized characteristics. Individual communication between teachers and children and free conversation between children are of special significance to children's language development.
4. Pay special attention to children with language barriers and work closely with parents and relevant parties to actively help them improve their language skills.
(8) Brief introduction to the contents of educational guidance for problem students.
According to the current evaluation standard, 50 million of the more than 300 million primary school students in China are "poor students". What kind of number is 50 million? It is equivalent to the population of France 1, Switzerland 10 and Luxembourg 100. Even if the current evaluation criteria are insufficient, this figure is debatable, but it is an indisputable fact that problem students are widespread, and the education of problem students has become an important issue facing primary and secondary education.
Education is a great love. Education cares about life and education cares about the life of every student. Abandoning some students is not real education. Life is wonderful because of it, which is my interpretation of the educational value of problem students.