Rabies vaccination knowledge 1. Medical knowledge of rabies vaccination
Rabies vaccination knowledge
1. What is rabies vaccine?
Rabies vaccine is a vaccine with a long history. The earliest producer of rabies vaccine was Pasteur Company of France. 1882 successfully weakened the virulence of the virus by continuous passage, and made a vaccine with adaptive strains. Domestic rabies vaccine is a rabies vaccine which is inoculated with rabies virus fixed virus in primary hamster kidney cells, cultured, harvested, concentrated, purified, refined and added with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant, and passed the comprehensive verification.
2. Why can rabies be prevented by injecting rabies vaccine?
There is only one serotype of rabies virus, and the nature of rabies virus antigen is the same all over the world. Antibodies against rabies virus can appear in human blood after vaccination with rabies vaccine. These antibodies can prevent the virus from spreading directly between cells, reduce the virus proliferation, and remove the free rabies virus at the same time, thus preventing rabies.
3. What should I do after being bitten by an animal?
If bitten by animals (such as dogs, cats, wolves, etc. And you are not sure whether the animal is healthy and nontoxic. In an emergency, you should go to the hospital to treat the wound, or wash the wound thoroughly with soapy water, so that most of the invading viruses can be washed away, and then go to the health and epidemic prevention department for rabies vaccine as soon as possible. For severe bites, besides local thorough washing and disinfection, rabies serum should be infiltrated and injected around the wound. Then inject rabies vaccine. Bite wounds should not be bandaged and sutured, and the wounds should be exposed as much as possible.
The immune effect of rabies vaccine injection is directly related to the injection time. After a bite, the earlier the injection, the better the immune effect and the greater the protection chance.
4. What are the taboos for injecting rabies vaccine?
Because rabies is a fatal disease, the mortality rate after onset is almost 100%. So far, there is still no effective treatment in the world. Therefore, anyone who is bitten by rabies or an animal that is unclear whether it is toxic or not should be injected with rabies vaccine immediately. Pregnant women were bitten and injected with rabies vaccine in emergency.
There are no contraindications to rabies vaccine injection.
5. Is it necessary to inject rabies vaccine only if the animal's skin is not injured after the bite?
After being bitten or scratched by dogs, cats, wolves and other animals. As long as the skin is not bitten, it is difficult for rabies virus to invade the body through intact skin, but there are traces of tooth marks on the skin that cannot be numb. Sometimes, although there is no skin damage, in fact, tooth oil refers to skin damage that is imperceptible to the naked eye. In this case, rabies virus may invade the human body along the tooth marks. Therefore, the bitten part should be disinfected immediately, and the part with tooth marks should be thoroughly washed with soapy water, coated with iodine, and then injected with rabies vaccine all the time.
6. Will rabies occur without rabies vaccine after being bitten by a wild animal?
After being bitten by a wild animal, rabies may not occur without rabies vaccine. Whether rabies occurs or not is directly related to the species of bitten animals, the virulence of the virus strains contained, the amount of virus entering the human body, the age, physical condition, bite site, severity of the injury and local treatment of the wound after the bite.
7. Is it necessary to inject if you are bitten again after vaccination?
After being bitten or scratched by an animal, rabies vaccine is injected throughout the whole process, and at this time, the body will produce anti-rabies antibodies, but the duration of this effective antibody is very short. If the bite occurs within 3-4 months from the last vaccination, 2 injections are enough. If it has been more than 6 months, it should be re-injected.
The situation you are talking about is that if a child's wound is bitten by a dog, it is not broken, and it is treated in time, there is no need to get rabies vaccine. You need to pay attention in the future!
2. What do you need to know about rabies vaccination?
In recent years, there are many cats and dogs at home. Even if expectant mothers don't have their own pets, sometimes they will inevitably be bitten by cats and dogs. She must be vaccinated against rabies in time.
(1) Vaccination with rabies vaccine is safer. All rabies vaccines currently used are inactivated vaccines with few side effects. There is no evidence that the abnormality of the baby is related to the rabies vaccine injected by the mother during pregnancy. Therefore, if there is the possibility of rabies, expectant mothers should be vaccinated in time.
(2) After being bitten, expectant mothers should be vaccinated against rabies by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection on the day, the third day, the seventh day, the14th day and the 30th day when they come into contact with (bitten or scratched) rabies or suspected rabies animals (mainly cats or dogs). Expectant mothers within three months of pregnancy should be careful or slow to use rabies vaccine according to the location and degree of injury.
(3) Rabies vaccine can be injected before the bite, without vaccination in advance. If you are injected before being bitten, you can inject three needles (keep records), and once you are bitten again, the number of injections can be less. However, if expectant mothers don't often contact animals, or need to travel and work in countries with more rabies, they don't need to be vaccinated against rabies in advance.
Local treatment of animal bites such as dogs: Squeeze out the blood of the wound by yourself (if the blood of the wound has solidified, you can prick a few pinholes around it), rinse it with clean water, tap water or 20% soapy water for about 15 minutes, and then go to the local hospital for formal and thorough treatment as soon as possible.
3. How to fight rabies vaccine?
Generally speaking, being bitten by a domestic cat is nothing. As long as your cat doesn't die within 10 days, it means that the cat doesn't have rabies, which is internationally accepted, not to mention rabies vaccination ... so don't worry, it's okay. Now, if the rabies epidemic expands in China, it's all about making money. You don't think about how much a shot of rabies vaccine costs. Anyone who knows should know. Anyway, nothing. And there was no bleeding at the time. I think you have been bitten for ten days. Is your cat normal? If it is normal, don't worry. If you are dead, go to the hospital as soon as possible for a vaccination and a serum. I hope your cat is all right, and I hope you are all right.
4. Common sense of rabies epidemic: Do you want to get rabies vaccine and where to get it?
If you are bitten or licked by suspicious animals (cats, dogs, wild animals, livestock) that cannot rule out the risk of infection, you need an injection. But small rodents like rabbits and mice don't need to bite or scratch.
You should be vaccinated if you are scratched by a suspicious dog, but unless you are particularly suspicious, cats don't need to be vaccinated (because the probability of infection is close to infinity, there are no cases of scratches by domestic cats and stray cats in cities, only wild cats in rural areas, and the annual incidence rate is less than one in ten billion).
Healthy cats and dogs do not carry rabies virus and will not be infected during the incubation period. Only on the day of onset, animals breed viruses in their brains, with poison in their saliva. But make sure that cats and dogs have not been bitten by crazy animals in the past six months.
If cats and dogs survive healthily for ten days after vaccination, the risk of infection is absolutely ruled out, and the remaining vaccines can be terminated.
Usually go to the epidemic prevention station to fight.