What are the clinical manifestations of hysteria? Can it be treated?

Symptoms and manifestations: spasm, limb tremor, myoclonia, convulsion, paralysis, inability to stand up and walk, speechless, aphasia, various sensory disorders and special sensory disorders, autonomic neuromuscular dysfunction. Emotional outbursts, confusion, lethargy, forgetfulness, juvenile dementia, etc. Key points of consultation: (1) Understand the etiology. All patients are influenced by mental factors. Mental factors are the direct cause of patients' disease-seeking attacks. Hysterical patients are emotional, changeable, emotional, lively, superficial and naive. Very suggestive; Highly self-revealing; Rich fantasy, under the strong influence of emotional reaction, is easy to confuse reality with fantasy. (2) Using suggestion therapy. Suggestive words and deeds, supplemented by language suggestion and other therapeutic measures, such as "drug" injection, acupuncture, acupoint pressing or electrical stimulation, will all receive good results. (3) Consultants should help patients to have a correct understanding of the disease, and clearly, seriously and euphemistically tell patients the situation, severity and harmfulness of the disease, as well as the impact on patients' social function. In this process, appropriate hints and guarantees are necessary. (4) Know the real "self". Learn to use some sound strategies and methods to deal with all kinds of mental stimuli, learn not to deal with difficulties with this naive original reaction, and learn to deal with difficulties in life with a mature and creative attitude. Help patients have a rational understanding of themselves, people and the environment, make their personality mature and stable, and deal with the difficulties with a rational attitude. The Truth and Rationality of Hysteria In early medical circles, hysteria was regarded as an abnormal contraction of limbs caused by abnormal uterus, and it was regarded as a disease of women. It is usually treated by this barbaric excision method. Later, Freud proved the truth and rationality of hysteria. He pointed out that hysteria often occurs in men and causes hysterical paralysis and contraction through hypnotic suggestion. In fact, the name "hysteria" itself is a shame in the history of medicine. The root of the word "hysteria" is the uterus. Using this term to name mental system diseases shows the incompetence of early medicine. Shortly after Freud returned from studying in Paris, he reported his research results in Paris to the Medical Association, but at that time, medical authorities even claimed that Freud's report was "not credible". When Freud talked about a kind of male hysteria, an old surgeon jumped up and shouted, "My God! Dear Mr. Freud, how can you say these boring things? Hysteron means uterus. How can a big man be hysterical? " After the report, Freud and Bluel co-authored A Study of Hysteria, which opened the door to psychoanalysis. [Edit this paragraph] Nursing care of hysteria patients/evaluation of hysteria patients 1, evaluation of patients' symptoms: to understand the symptom characteristics and clinical manifestations of desire attacks. To evaluate the characteristics, types, frequency and severity of patients' symptoms at the onset of hysteria. 2. Evaluation of patients' personality characteristics: Many scholars believe that under the influence of some mental factors, people with hysteria personality characteristics are more likely to suffer from hysteria than those without hysteria personality characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to know what kind of personality characteristics are "hysterical personality" and what are their manifestations. According to the methods and steps of "nursing procedure", the personality characteristics of patients during hospitalization were evaluated to understand their interpersonal relationship, working style, emotional response types, coping styles, adaptability to stimuli, suggestibility and emotional response characteristics. 3. Evaluation of patients' psychosocial factors: Psychosocial factors are often the inducing factors of hysteria. Can't be ignored. Therefore, the relationship between the adverse stimulation and the degree of stimulation before the onset of the disease and the occurrence of the disease is carefully evaluated. Analyze whether the stimulus comes from life events, from the patient's own inner conflict, or from the susceptible quality of personality. Nursing diagnosis and nursing measures for patients with hysteria (1) Nursing points of hysteria: When hysteria occurs, the first thing is to keep the mood calm and the patient and the surrounding environment quiet. Psychological nursing is one of the main nursing measures. Among them, it is particularly important to master and use various related suggestion methods and skills, which are helpful to both doctors and patients. Take supportive psychotherapy, arouse the enthusiasm of patients, stimulate their enthusiasm for life, and enhance their confidence in overcoming diseases. Health education is an important part of nursing. The purpose is to help patients acquire a better personality, enhance their psychological immunity and win the help of a good peripheral support system. Physical care in an emergency should not be underestimated. To prevent the occurrence of various complications. Do a good job in symptomatic care of various symptoms. (2) Nursing measures for patients with hysteria: 1. The danger of violent behavior (to oneself and others) is related to the narrow range of conscious activity during the attack. During the onset of hysteria, if the mood suddenly breaks out, patients may show behaviors that hurt themselves and others, such as crying, tearing clothes, hair, scratching and biting others. For example, in the hazy state of hysteria, the scope of conscious activity is narrow. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen preventive measures. Nursing measures: (1) It needs to be clear that although the emotional outburst of hysteria has dramatic and venting characteristics, it is necessary to avoid using excessive words to stimulate patients or paying too much attention to patients when contacting patients in nursing. Patients may make exaggerated behaviors, leading to self-harm or injury, so pay attention to the use of language. Language should be strong enough for patients to understand and understand their own behavior mistakes, and will not cause malignant psychological stimulation to patients. (2) When the patient has an attack, try to keep the environment around the patient quiet, avoid noise and reduce too many people to watch, so as to reduce the degree of the patient's attack, which is also conducive to the smooth progress of treatment and nursing. (3) For hospitalized patients, the number of visits should be strictly controlled. In particular, it is necessary to limit the visits of relevant personnel who may cause adverse stimulation to patients in order to facilitate the early recovery of the disease. (4) Patients with extreme excitement, restlessness and strong emotional reaction should be closely monitored. Ask the doctor to use an appropriate sedative. 2. The risk of injury is related to the disturbance of consciousness when roaming. During the onset of hysteria, some patients may have roaming disorder: suddenly leaving, accompanied by different degrees of consciousness disorder. At this time, if there is no necessary special care or unsafe environmental factors, patients may be injured to varying degrees. Nursing measures: (1) hysteria is mainly treated in outpatient department. Therefore, it is very important for patients to go out of the hospital for outpatient treatment and nursing in time. (2) Whether outside the hospital or for inpatients, it is best to have someone to take care of them. Don't let the patient live in a room alone. Lock the door at night. Inpatients should limit their range of activities. (3) Don't put dangerous goods in the patient's living room. So as to reduce unsafe hidden trouble. (4) Wear identification documents for patients. In case of accidents after loss. 3. The risk of disuse syndrome is related to hysterical paralysis. Some patients with hysteria will have symptoms of functional hysterical paralysis. Although this symptom has no positive signs of nervous system, it can still seriously affect the normal activities of patients if it is not effectively treated for a long time or accompanied by physical incentives. Patients stay in bed for a long time, can't walk on the ground, and rely on others to take care of their daily lives, which leads to the dangerous state of physical system degradation. Some people may have physical complications. Such as bedsore, constipation and urinary tract infection. Strength and endurance also decreased significantly. Nursing measures: (1) When the patient has hysteria, explain the nature of the disease to the patient. Relieve patients' fear and anxiety. Tell patients that they can be completely cured as long as they cooperate with the treatment, so as to strengthen their confidence in overcoming the disease and win their cooperation. (2) Master the methods and skills of using drugs, hypnosis and combining benign language hints to assist doctors. Help patients to carry out regular physical activity training. Encourage patients to get out of bed and walk around to prevent muscle atrophy. (3) Massage and nurse the compressed parts of the skin every day to prevent bedsores. (4) provide patients with high-fiber food. Do abdominal massage every day. Give patients plenty of water to prevent constipation. If constipation has occurred, move it in time, observe and use laxatives or enema according to the doctor's advice to prevent intestinal obstruction. Rinse perineum for patients every night to prevent urinary tract infection. Ensure indoor humidity, regular ventilation and disinfection, assist patients to change clothes with the seasons, and prevent colds. 4. Lack of knowledge; The lack of patients' knowledge is mainly manifested in the lack of mental health knowledge. Lack of common sense of mental health care. When they encounter bad external stimuli, they lack psychological endurance, will not use good and effective psychological prevention mechanisms to protect themselves, and their personality is not perfect. Lack of understanding of patients' relatives. It shows that they don't know much about this disease and can't provide effective help for patients. On the contrary, unintentional behavior and inappropriate language often play a bad suggestive role, which aggravates the patient's condition. Nursing measures: Health education is the main content. It is necessary to help patients fully understand themselves and dig out their personality weaknesses and their relationship with diseases. Teach patients some scientific and applicable methods to improve their personality and deal with tense interpersonal relationships; Regulate bad emotions and enhance psychological endurance. Instruct patients to deal with some difficult problems with reason rather than emotion. In addition, it is also necessary to help patients' families understand the common sense about Italian symptoms, so that patients can get more effective help from them. It is also the content of our nursing measures. (3) The expected goal of hysteria patients' nursing. During the onset of hysteria, the patient did not hurt himself or herself under supervision. When hysterical paralysis occurs, the patient has no complications such as muscle atrophy, constipation and bedsore under nursing care. After receiving health education guidance. Patients can objectively evaluate physical personality defects. Or have the desire to perfect personality and change behavior. The patients' families can clearly retell the characteristics, symptoms and nursing points of the disease. The patient has no "roaming obstacle" under supervision.