Hypothyroidism, occult onset, long course of disease. Most hypothyroidism patients need lifelong treatment. The main manifestations of hypothyroidism are decreased metabolic rate and decreased sympathetic nerve excitability. Early patients with mild illness may have no specific symptoms. Typical manifestations are chills, fatigue, swelling of hands and feet, lethargy, memory loss, less sweating, joint pain, weight gain, constipation, and menstrual disorder or menorrhagia in women, which leads to infertility. If 1 looks like a lazy fat man, be careful and check it in time. Diagnosis can be made by detecting hormone levels related to thyroid function.
The most common dietary problem that hypothyroidism patients usually encounter is the necessity of iodine supplementation. Iodine is the raw material for synthesizing thyroid hormone. Iodine deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism. However, not all hypothyroidism is related to iodine deficiency. Therefore, patients with hypothyroidism should first make clear the cause, and then decide whether iodine supplementation is needed.
In the past, the cause of hypothyroidism in some patients was simply iodine deficiency. For example, hypothyroidism caused by endemic goiter requires appropriate iodine supplementation. However, with the popularization of iodized salt, this situation is very rare. At present, hypothyroidism is mostly caused by chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto's disease. The reason is autoimmune disorder. This hypothyroidism should appropriately limit iodine intake. Because high iodine diet can activate immune mechanism, induce and aggravate autoimmune thyroiditis.
Diet regulation of hypothyroidism should pay attention to two dimensions, trace elements and symptoms. Two trace elements closely related to thyroid function are iodine and selenium. Iodine is an important trace element in thyroid hormone metabolism, and its sources mainly include iodized salt, seafood and grains. Except for some areas with iodine deficiency in water sources, the key point is to prevent excessive iodine intake. Selenium is an easily neglected element in thyroid hormone metabolism. The main sources of selenium are bread, grain, meat, fish and eggs. The content of selenium in seafood and animal viscera is high, and some nuts are also rich in selenium. Because the human thyroid contains the most selenium, it has little effect on thyroid function when the food structure is deficient in selenium. Therefore, as long as the diet is relatively balanced, it is not necessary to consider selenium supplementation to maintain thyroid function.
In the diet of hypothyroidism patients, cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower and so on. , containing compounds that can inhibit thyroid iodine uptake. If you eat a lot of this kind of vegetables, it may aggravate hypothyroidism in theory, or it is not conducive to disease control. Therefore, when the symptoms of hypothyroidism are serious, the intake of cruciferous vegetables should be controlled. Another problem of 1 is the influence of isoflavones, which can inhibit thyroid peroxidase. Isoflavone mainly exists in bean products, such as soybean milk, soy sauce, tofu, etc., and its content is related to the fermentation process. When hypothyroidism is serious, eat less of this kind of food. In addition, the study found that coffee will affect the absorption of levothyroxine, so patients with hypothyroidism should avoid drinking too much coffee during medication.
The diet of hypothyroidism patients, from the symptoms, should first pay attention to control sodium salt and avoid eating too salty food, because too much sodium salt intake will aggravate myxedema. Secondly, the overall dietary structure should be low in fat, high in cellulose and high in protein. Because hypothyroidism patients are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, it is necessary to arrange a low-fat diet and eat less fat, fried food, animal offal and nuts. Because hypothyroidism patients will slow down gastrointestinal peristalsis, leading to abdominal distension or constipation, it is necessary to increase dietary fiber to help promote gastrointestinal peristalsis; Protein malabsorption will occur in hypothyroidism patients due to the decrease of gastrointestinal function. Therefore, it is necessary to increase high-quality protein, such as lean meat, eggs, fish and milk. Some patients with hypothyroidism, especially women with menorrhagia, may lead to anemia. Foods rich in iron and vitamin B 12, such as duck blood, auricularia auricula and green leafy vegetables, need to be properly supplemented in diet regulation.
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