Simple analysis of electrocardiogram;
1, get the report, and look at the diagnosis conclusion first.
When you see sinus rhythm (arrhythmia); Normal range of ECG ",then ECG examination is still normal, because sinus rhythm is normal rhythm, and sinus arrhythmia is nothing serious, indicating normal. When conclusions such as "conduction block, myocardial infarction, tachycardia and bradycardia" appear, then special attention should be paid, and doctors must be communicated in time to seek treatment.
2, look at the specific test parameters
Although the ECG is mainly an image, there will be specific parameters in the report. Through parameter comparison, we can also get a general understanding of the specific situation of ECG. The normal range is as follows:
Step 3 look at the image
There are many small squares on the electrogram recording paper. If you want to understand ECG, you must understand the meaning of these small squares. Each thin vertical line in these squares is separated by 1 mm, and each thin horizontal line is also separated by 1mm. They form a small square of1mm, with one thick line for every five small squares. The interval between each thick line is 5mm, and the thick line forms a large square. ECG recording paper moves at the standard speed stipulated by international standards, and the moving speed is 25mm/s, which means that each horizontal cell represents 0.04s；; The distance between every two thick lines represents 0.2s When recording ECG, there are international regulations for applying voltage, that is, when applying a voltage of 1mV, the baseline should be accurately raised by 10 cells, that is, each cell represents 0. 1mV, each cell represents 0.5mV, and every two cells represent 1mV.
There are various waveforms on ECG, including P wave, QRS complex wave, T wave and (no) U wave. To understand ECG, we must understand the meaning of these waveforms. For example, P wave: the electrical excitation of normal heart starts from sinoatrial node. Because the sinoatrial node is located at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, the excitement of the sinoatrial node first spreads to the right atrium, and then to the left atrium through the atrial bundle, forming a P wave on the electrocardiogram. P wave represents atrial excitement, the first half represents right atrial excitement, and the second half represents left atrial excitement. The time limit of P wave is 0.12s, and the height of P wave is 0.25mv in limb lead and 0.2mv in chest lead. When the atria are enlarged and the conduction between the two atria is abnormal, the P wave can appear as a high-pointed or double-peaked P wave.
The special conduction system of the heart consists of sinoatrial node, internodal bundle (divided into anterior, middle and posterior internodal bundles), atrial bundle (originated from internodal bundle, called Bachmann bundle), atrial junction (atrioventricular node and His bundle), bundle branches (divided into left and right bundle branches, and left bundle branch is divided into anterior and posterior bundle branches) and Putin's knot fibers. The cardiac conduction system is closely related to the ECG changes that occur successively in each cardiac cycle. Normal ECG activity starts from the sinoatrial node, excites the atrium, and at the same time, it is transmitted to the atrioventricular node through the internodal bundle (excitation transmission), and then transmitted along the His bundle-left and right bundle branches-Purkinje fiber in sequence, and finally excites the ventricle. The spread of this ordered electrical stimulation causes a series of potential changes and forms corresponding bands on ECG.