Yan Huang, deputy director and chief physician of Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
1. What are the new requirements for nucleic acid detection? Who doesn't have to do nucleic acid anymore?
A: Three major adjustments have been made.
First, the requirement for migrant workers inside and outside the province to check the negative certificate of nucleic acid test and health code was cancelled; Canceled the landing nucleic acid detection; Cancel the "3 days and 3 inspections" after entering Guizhou; The prompt of "3 days and 3 inspections" sign of health code was cancelled, and the requirement of filing in Guizhou was cancelled.
The second is to reduce the number of people who should check nucleic acids. In addition to entering nursing homes, welfare homes, medical institutions, child care institutions, primary and secondary schools and other places where special people are concentrated, employees in high-risk positions, personnel in high-risk areas, and personnel in some important organs and specific places, other personnel are willing to undergo a thorough examination.
Third, the scope and frequency of nucleic acid detection have been further reduced after the outbreak, and the nucleic acid detection can be carried out in full according to the needs of epidemic prevention work, rather than administrative regionalization;
2. Do you still need to check the nucleic acid detection certificate and health code of "one station, three stations"?
A: Since June 6th, 65438, Guizhou Province has cancelled the compulsory nucleic acid testing in airports, railway stations, high-speed railway station, long-distance passenger stations and epidemic prevention service points on expressways. Since February 7, 65438, it is no longer necessary to check the health code and nucleic acid test certificate, and it can flow freely and orderly under personal protection.
3. What self-protection measures should we take to avoid infecting COVID-19 in our production and life?
A: First of all, COVID-19 vaccine is very effective in preventing serious diseases and deaths. Those who have not been vaccinated or strengthened with COVID-19 vaccine should be vaccinated in time;
Second, personal protection should be done when going out, wearing masks and washing hands frequently;
Third, pay attention to keeping the distance between people;
Fourth, pay attention to personal hygiene. It is necessary to ventilate the home and office environment frequently, keep it clean and carry out preventive disinfection.
4. What if the nucleic acid test is positive?
A: Although the Omicron strain is highly contagious at this stage, its severe disease rate and mortality rate have been greatly reduced. More than 90% of infected people are mild and asymptomatic, and the damage to health is greatly reduced. Most infected people only feel that they have a cold after infection, and only have symptoms of sore throat, cough and fever. So, if the nucleic acid is positive, don't worry, don't panic, and don't rush to a big hospital.
If there are no symptoms or only mild cough, sore throat or moderate to low fever, there are basic diseases, and the basic diseases are in a stable period, then it is recommended to choose home treatment as far as possible.
During the treatment at home, don't go out unless necessary, try to live in a single room and use a separate bathroom. If there is no separate bathroom, keep the bathroom ventilated and disinfect it immediately after each use; The living room is ventilated with windows every day; Take non-contact objects and wear N95 mask when opening the door to avoid direct contact with family members. Do health monitoring. If you have slight fever, headache, cough and other symptoms, you can take antipyretic, analgesic, cough and other drugs according to the drug instructions for symptomatic treatment, drink plenty of water and rest. Generally speaking, it will heal itself in 5-7 days. In case of persistent high fever (higher than 38.5℃ for more than 3 days), dyspnea or shortness of breath, or aggravation of original basic diseases, you can report to the community and transfer to medical institutions for treatment by self-driving and/or KLOC-0/20 ambulance.
5. This year, what epidemic prevention and control measures have been implemented for people who work and study outside the province to return home and for cities and States in the province?
A: Except for the red-coded personnel such as overflow personnel, positive personnel and close contacts in high-risk areas, other personnel can flow in an orderly manner under the condition of personal protection.
6. COVID-19 vaccine has not been vaccinated. Is it too late to get a vaccine? Please introduce the necessity and importance of completing the whole vaccination and strengthening immunization for people aged 60 and over.
A: COVID-19 vaccine has not been vaccinated. It's definitely not too late to get a vaccine now, and it's necessary.
According to the research results at home and abroad, vaccines have played a great role in preventing infection and reducing morbidity, especially in preventing severe illness and death. Studies have shown that after the completion of basic immunization with COVID-19 vaccine, even if infected, the risk of developing into severe illness will be reduced by at least 80%, and the risk of severe illness will be reduced by more than 90% if vaccinated with booster vaccine. The whole population of COVID-19 is susceptible, and most elderly people have basic diseases and are the most vulnerable group. The risk of serious illness and death after infection is significantly higher than that of young people. Therefore, it is suggested that people over 60 years old who meet the vaccination conditions, especially those over 80 years old, should be vaccinated as soon as possible. After completing the basic immunization, vaccinate once every 3 months, and then vaccinate in time.
7. COVID-19 has been changing. What are the pathogenicity characteristics of Omicrovirus?
A: The pathogenicity and virulence of Omicron mutant are obviously weakened compared with the original strain and Delta mutant. From the symptoms, most people are mainly infected with upper respiratory symptoms, such as low-grade fever, sore throat, dry cough, sore throat and so on. According to Omicron's national report, more than 90% of patients are asymptomatic and mild, a few are common, and the proportion of severe and critical types is even less, and they mainly occur in the elderly with basic diseases. The analysis of 5.8 million local cases in Taiwan Province Province in 2022 shows that the proportion of asymptomatic and mild cases is 99.56%, and moderate and severe cases only account for 0.44%. Compared with the global influenza epidemic in 2009, the proportion of pneumonia or severe and critical cases caused by Omicron mutant is relatively low.
After symptomatic treatment, most patients with COVID-19 infection can relieve symptoms within 24-36 hours. Ordinary people can heal themselves within 5-7 days after being infected with COVID-19 virus. People who have been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine and completed intensive immunization have a shorter course of disease and a lighter condition. Moreover, asymptomatic infected people, mild patients or ordinary patients turn negative very quickly, which usually takes 5-7 days.