The warehouse is responsible for the management of all materials in and out of the warehouse, which is the basis of the company's operation, especially the production enterprises. Therefore, the operation efficiency of warehouse directly determines the operation efficiency of enterprises, and the management of warehouse is paid more and more attention by enterprises. ?
All departments and posts have their own values, and warehouses are no exception. The warehouse industry believes that the value of warehouse management can be summarized as three points: accuracy, efficiency and safety. ?
1
precise
The accuracy of warehouse is mainly reflected in the accuracy of data, including the accuracy of operation and inventory. Accuracy is the most important and direct performance measure for warehouse employees. Personally, I think the control accuracy is mainly reflected in three aspects: data entry, file management and audit supervision.
1
? data input
This aspect is mainly reflected in the way of making accounts. Warehouse bookkeeping methods are divided into manual bookkeeping and electronic bookkeeping. Manual bookkeeping is the most primitive bookkeeping method, which is originally a running account, that is, recording one by one. Like flowing water, the advantage of this method is that it is simple to make accounts, and the disadvantages are mainly reflected in the difficulty of finding and the lack of coherence and clarity of the incoming and outgoing data. Another bookkeeping method is called double entry bookkeeping. The so-called double-entry bookkeeping is to gather other information under the same name in a way similar to the coordinate axis, and EXCEL can also do it. Compared with the journal, the double-entry bookkeeping method is clearer, easier to query, and reflects various information, so it is not necessary to search one by one like the journal, which not only improves the accuracy, but also improves the efficiency to a certain extent. ERP system is an electronic account, which adopts double entry bookkeeping method, and it is an intelligent network operation software system. It can have a variety of indexing methods and bookkeeping methods, such as normal purchase PO and order delivery, RMA return and rejection of suppliers and waste products, free receipt, etc. Which is clearer. ?
2
? file management
In terms of documents, it is mainly reflected in the implementation and filing management of documents. Execution files are divided into process files and operation record files. The function of process documents is to standardize operation. These documents have no direct influence on the accuracy, but the operation record documents have an influence on the accuracy, which is reflected in all documents related to the incoming and outgoing materials. The data of this kind of documents is the key basis to confirm whether the data is accurate, and it is also the most original data. All operations must be carried out in accordance with the documents, and all operations and changes must also be reflected in the documents, including the signatures of relevant personnel. File management is just for the convenience of searching. When there is a problem with the data, it needs to be verified according to the original file. At this time, good file management will play an important role. The most common method of file management is to manage and classify the file numbers, and index them according to the file numbers marked on the account books, so that the recorded files can be found as soon as possible and well documented. ?
three
? Audit supervision
No matter what kind of management needs people to operate, and people may make mistakes, which is inevitable and allowed to some extent. In order to reduce the probability of mistakes, the most effective methods are auditing and supervision. Audit and supervision of warehouse management is embodied in checking operation records and taking stock of warehouses (or local stocks). Checking operation records is to check the receipt/issue documents of the previous day with the receipt/issue data on the account. As long as the data in the account is consistent with the original voucher, the inventory can be considered accurate. If there is any difference in kind, it is the problem of warehouse operation management and safety. Inventory is a reconfirmation of inventory data and objects to improve accuracy. This inventory can be a complete inventory or a partial inventory. If the accuracy of the previous inventory is high, you can consider changing it into a partial spot check inventory. ?
2
efficiency
The operational efficiency of the warehouse is mainly reflected in two parts, namely, the access time period of the warehouse operation and the response time to emergencies. ?
1
? period
To shorten the time period of warehouse operation, I personally think it can be achieved in the following ways:
A, warehouse planning:
A well-planned warehouse can maximize the use of existing resources and improve operational efficiency. When planning a warehouse, we should first consider the building structure, including doors, elevators, cargo platforms, fire-fighting facilities and other locations. Then set the passage according to the structure, and the passage should face the entrances and exits such as doors and elevators. Keep improving, and then divide the warehouse and partition. Generally, the commonly used areas are storage area (qualified product area, unqualified product area and packaging materials and accessories), office area, temporary storage area for incoming goods, delivery and stocking area. Among them, the office area should be located in an eye-catching position at the door, the temporary storage area can be located on the cargo platform or a slightly spacious door, the delivery and stocking area is generally located in a spacious place near the entrance or exit of the cargo elevator, and the storage area is divided according to the types of materials. The qualified product area should be located at the outer side where it is convenient to take, and the unqualified product area and the packaging material auxiliary material area should be located at the innermost corner of the warehouse. ?
B, reduce the link:
The reduction of links is also the optimization of operation process, specifically, it is to reduce the approval of some operation documents and the number of handlers, balance the workload of all parties, try to concentrate similar work on a few people, authorize operators to operate to a certain extent, and cultivate their autonomy and independence. Clearly understand the job responsibilities of each department and the corresponding contact window to reduce the query time. ?
C, position refinement:
Location is the abbreviation of inventory location. After the storage area is determined, it is necessary to divide the location and manage the number in order to distinguish and find access. The details of the location can be determined according to the actual needs. If the product is relatively small and there are too many kinds of goods or products on the pallet, then the location should be numbered by the pallet. If the products stored on each card board are relatively single, or the products stored in the whole warehouse are few in variety and large in quantity, then the goods positions can be numbered in a long single-column area.
D. tally method:
Tally, that is, sorting goods, is generally an operation that will be set up when the daily purchase volume is large, the unloading is frequent and there are many varieties. The function is to subdivide the receiving and warehousing links and improve the efficiency and accuracy of receiving and warehousing. Specifically, it is to set up a separate post to sort out and distinguish all the goods under the warehouse, and then transfer them to the corresponding warehouse for storage. ? The pursuit of Excellence.
E, display mode:
Reasonable placement of goods can increase the safety of materials and improve the efficiency of access and search, which is especially important for warehouses with high shelves. In addition to neat packaging, there are several principles for placing items, namely, light weight, size, outward labeling, and priority in use frequency. Heavy goods can be effectively protected, labels facing outward can improve the speed of finding goods, and frequency priority can improve the speed of goods entering and leaving (especially for high-rise shelves, placing goods with high frequency at the bottom and near external passages can speed up the speed of goods entering and leaving). ?
F, "5S" management: lean hegemony
"5S" means sorting (Seiri), correcting (Seiton), cleaning (Seiso), Seiketsu and Shitsuke.
The abbreviation of these five words is "5S" because the first letter of romanization of these five words in Japanese is "s". The specific descriptions of these five points are different, and the emphasis is different according to the applicable environment, but the main points are similar. In the aspect of warehouse management, 5S is mainly used to improve the efficiency of the first two points, that is, sorting is to classify items, separate necessary and unnecessary things, clean up the debris blocking the passage, and clean up the unused ones out of the warehouse; Rectification is actually a kind of strengthening and maintenance of sorting. After sorting out the items, the next thing to do is to standardize their storage positions and put them reasonably to improve the efficiency of searching. Cleaning is to clean the working environment and equipment and improve the working environment; Cleaning is a kind of maintenance for the cleaned environment; As for the concept of literacy, it is more general. Personally, I think that warehouse is mainly reflected in good habits and perseverance. ?
2
? Reaction time
As a service department, the warehouse needs to provide many departments with information such as inventory inquiry, emergency goods in and out of the warehouse, and the response time in this respect is also efficiency; The other is the reaction time when dealing with outstanding events. ?
First, the query service:
The warehouse involves goods, and the services provided are also related to goods. The simple and easy-to-use inventory account system can provide this query quickly, so that everyone can query the inventory; On the other hand, it is the query of the warehousing status of emergency goods in the warehouse, which is mainly reflected in the transmission and enjoyment of goods information, so as to obtain relevant goods information accurately and quickly and bring convenience to the work of various departments. ?
B, emergencies:
Nothing is absolute, there are always aspects that are not involved in the process. Being able to respond quickly and deal with emergencies is also a concrete manifestation of efficiency. Personally, I think we can shorten the response time by establishing a fixed handling procedure and emergency system, as follows:
A. Response departments: clearly understand the responsibilities of each department and the contact information of the corresponding managers, so as to be orderly.
B, emergency system: set up an emergency handler in this department, responsible for contacting relevant personnel to coordinate the handling, * * * looking for solutions, and formulating improvement measures afterwards to prevent the same incident from happening again. ?
three
safe
Warehouse safety is mainly divided into two categories, namely material safety and operation safety?
A, material safety:
Personally, I think this aspect is mainly divided into two parts, namely, loss prevention (waterproof, fire prevention, theft prevention and breakage prevention) and anti-expiration. Waterproof, fire prevention and theft prevention can be prevented by safety system, and damage prevention can be prevented by material placement principles and standardized operation; Shelf life is mainly prevented by FIFO). In FIFO, I personally think it is simple and effective to manage materials by combining batch number and location, that is, all materials in the warehouse are managed by serial number when they are put in storage, and then the same materials purchased at different times are stored in different locations, and the materials with the highest number are given priority when they are out of storage, which can prevent the materials from exceeding the shelf life to some extent. ?
B, safe operation:
This aspect is mainly reflected in the safety of operators. Now everyone advocates safety in production. First of all, we need a systematic safety system, second, we need to write operating standard documents, and finally, we need to train operators' safety awareness. In addition, the company can also provide labor insurance supplies appropriately to increase the safety guarantee factor.
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