Nuclear effluent is liquid waste containing radioactive material produced during the operation of a nuclear power plant.
Nuclear effluent is water contaminated by nuclear fuel, such as highly radioactive wastewater from a nuclear leakage accident, or cooling water in direct contact with nuclear fuel. These waters usually contain large amounts of radioactive elements, such as uranium, plutonium, cesium, strontium, iodine, cobalt, etc., and have high radioactive intensity and danger. Nuclear power plants, medical facilities, laboratories, and other nuclear energy facilities all produce nuclear effluent. Nuclear power plants are the main source of nuclear wastewater, which covers raw power facilities and kitchen water, domestic water, cooling water, and so on.
Medical facilities are also an important source of nuclear effluent, which mainly includes wastewater generated from medical activities such as radiation therapy and nuclide diagnostics. Nuclear wastewater from laboratories is mainly generated during activities such as testing and radioactive material research.
Precautions for treating nuclear wastewater:
1. Adopting a safety perspective: To avoid any mishap, it is essential to adopt state-of-the-art technology and facilities to ensure safety during operation. In nuclear wastewater treatment, the final treatment method must be scientifically proven and socially acceptable, and must be safe enough not to jeopardize the safety of the implementers, technical managers, neighboring residents and other relevant personnel.
2, pre-treatment stage: nuclear wastewater treatment should begin with the pre-treatment stage. Pre-treatment methods usually include solid-liquid separation, removal of radioactive substances, water chemical pretreatment, separation of radioactive substances, reduction of chemical content, removal of salts and metals. One of the most important steps is the separation of the radioactive material, a process that requires special expertise and equipment.
Reference to the above: Baidu Encyclopedia-Cesium
Reference to the above: Baidu Encyclopedia-Cobalt