1. cadres in villages to help
2. education programs: mainly involved in the construction of school buildings, the reconstruction of dilapidated buildings, and financial assistance to poor students and teachers.
3. Medical and health care: mainly involves the construction and reconstruction of county, township and village health centers, the purchase of medical equipment, the gradual realization of village to village health rooms, the training of doctors and the popularization of health knowledge.
4. Personnel training: "Cure poverty before curing stupidity". Improving the quality of poor people and equipping farmers with the ability to escape poverty and become rich is an important part of poverty alleviation and development work. Every year, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs invests funds to train all kinds of personnel in the two counties, including labor skills such as planting and breeding techniques, medical care and health care, education teachers, as well as legal literacy, literacy, women's rights and so on.
5. Whole-village promotion: Whole-village promotion is a poverty-alleviation measure adopted by the State in the new round of poverty-alleviation development projects. The main purpose is to concentrate funds and provide comprehensive support to change the backwardness of villages, and to promote community building and economic development in impoverished villages as a whole. Whole-village promotion is to take the natural village as a unit, and build roads, human and animal drinking water and agricultural irrigation ditches, build biogas, and promote planting and breeding projects in the village.
6. Industrial poverty alleviation: developing rural industries through investment attraction is an effective way to accelerate economic development and realize poverty alleviation. The main areas of investment are: border trade development, real estate development, mineral exploitation, hydroelectric power generation, tourism resources development, processing of special agricultural and sideline products and ethnic handicrafts.
Legal Basis:
Outline of Poverty Alleviation and Development in China's Rural Areas
(xii) Relocation of Poverty Alleviation. Adhering to the principle of voluntariness, poverty alleviation targets in areas with poor living conditions are relocated to ease poverty alleviation. Other migration and relocation projects are guided to give priority to implementation in poverty-stricken areas that meet the conditions, and to strengthen the convergence with the land-based poverty alleviation and relocation projects, *** with the promotion of the improvement of the production and living environment of the impoverished masses. Taking full account of resource conditions, relocating in an orderly manner according to local conditions, improving conditions for survival and development, and focusing on fostering and developing follow-up industries. Places with the conditions to guide the migration to small and medium-sized towns and industrial parks, create employment opportunities and improve employability. Strengthen coordination and effectively solve the difficulties and problems of the relocated people in the areas of production and life, so as to ensure that they can be relocated, stabilized, developed and made rich.
(xiii) Promoting the whole village. Combined with the construction of new socialist countryside, bottom-up development of the whole village to promote planning, phased implementation. The development of characteristic pillar industries, improve production and living conditions, increase collective economic income, improve self-development capacity. Taking the county as a platform, integrating all kinds of agricultural funds and social support resources, focusing on inputs, implementing the "six-to-farmer" projects of water, electricity, roads, gas, housing and environmental improvement, and building rural communities with relatively complete public welfare facilities. The follow-up management of whole-village promotion has been strengthened, and a new community management and service system has been perfected, so as to consolidate and improve the results of poverty-alleviation and development. Where there is a relative concentration of impoverished villages, whole villages can be promoted and developed in a continuous manner.
(xiv) Relief through labor. Vigorously implement the work-for-food program to effectively improve the quality of cultivated land (pasture) in impoverished areas, and steadily increase the area of effective irrigation. Strengthen the construction of rural (group) roads and drinking water projects for people and animals, and carry out soil and water conservation, small watershed management and integrated development of the area, so as to enhance the ability to withstand natural disasters and strengthen the foundation for development.
(xv) Industrial poverty alleviation. Give full play to the advantages of the ecological environment and natural resources in poverty-stricken areas, promote advanced and practical technologies, cultivate and grow specialty pillar industries, and vigorously promote tourism to alleviate poverty. It promotes industrial restructuring, and drives and helps poor farmers to develop production through poverty-alleviating leading enterprises, farmers' professional cooperatives and mutual fund organizations. Guiding and supporting enterprises to invest in poverty-stricken areas to drive poor farmers to increase their incomes.
(xvi) Employment Promotion. Improve the Raindrop Program. Focusing on promoting stable employment for poverty-alleviation targets, the program provides certain cost-of-living subsidies to fresh junior and senior high school graduates from poor rural families who have not pursued further education to participate in labor-preparation training; and special subsidies for the cost of living and transportation for newly-grown laborers from poor rural families to receive secondary vocational education. Practical technology training is provided to poor rural laborers. Increasing support for the employment of poor rural disabled persons.
(xvii) Pilot poverty alleviation. Innovating mechanisms for poverty alleviation and development, targeting special circumstances and problems, actively launching pilot projects for poverty alleviation in border areas, combining endemic disease control with poverty alleviation and development, post-disaster restoration and reconstruction, and poverty alleviation in other special hardship regions and groups, and expanding pilot projects for mutual aid funds, contiguous development, poverty alleviation through lottery public welfare funds, and poverty alleviation through science and technology.
(xviii) Construction of old revolutionary areas. The state gives key support to the old revolutionary counties in poverty-stricken areas.
(xix) Clarification of sectoral responsibilities. All sectors of industry should make the improvement of the environment and conditions for the development of impoverished areas an important part of the development planning of their own industries, and favor impoverished areas in terms of funds and projects, as well as fulfill the tasks of poverty alleviation set by the state in their own industries.
(xx) Developing specialty industries. Strengthen the guidance of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industries, develop various types of professional cooperative organizations, and improve the rural socialized service system. Around the leading products, brand-name products, advantageous products, vigorously support the construction of various types of wholesale markets and border markets. According to the national main functional area planning, rational development of local resources, actively develop new industries, undertake industrial transfer, adjust the industrial structure, and enhance the endogenous power of development in poor areas.
(xxi) Carrying out scientific and technological poverty alleviation. Actively promote good seeds and good laws. Focusing on the development of characteristic industries, it will increase scientific and technological research and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and promote industrial upgrading and structural optimization. Cultivate a number of science and technology-based leading enterprises for poverty alleviation. It will establish and improve a new type of science and technology service system in line with the actual situation in poverty-stricken areas, and accelerate the construction of demonstration villages and households for poverty alleviation through science and technology. It will continue to select and send scientific and technological poverty alleviation delegations, scientific and technological deputy county (city) chiefs and scientific and technological deputy township (town) chiefs, and scientific and technological specialists to work in key counties.
(xxii) Improving infrastructure. Promote land improvement in impoverished areas, accelerate the transformation of medium- and low-yield fields, carry out land leveling, and improve the quality of arable land. Promote large and medium-sized irrigation area renewal and water-saving renovation and small-scale farmland water conservancy construction, the development of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation, support the construction of small and micro-water conservancy facilities, grasp the dangerous reservoirs (gates) reinforcement projects and irrigation and drainage pumping station upgrading and reconstruction, and strengthen the management of small and medium-sized rivers, prevention and control of geologic hazards of flash floods and soil erosion comprehensive management. Actively implement rural drinking water safety projects. Increase the implementation of nomadic herders' settlement projects in pastoral areas. Accelerate the construction of rural and village roads in impoverished areas, and actively develop rural distribution logistics. It will continue to promote the electrification of new rural areas with hydropower, the construction of small hydropower projects in lieu of fuel, and the transformation and upgrading of rural power grids, so as to achieve the same price for electricity in urban and rural areas. Popularizing information services and prioritizing the implementation of cable television, telephone and Internet projects in key counties. It is accelerating the construction of rural postal networks and promoting the integration of telecommunications networks, broadcasting networks and the Internet.
(xxiii) Developing education and culture. Promoting appropriate centralized schooling in remote and impoverished areas, accelerating the construction of boarding schools, increasing support for pre-school education in remote and impoverished areas, and gradually raising the standard of living allowances for boarding students from economically disadvantaged families in rural compulsory education. Tuition fees for students from economically disadvantaged families in secondary vocational education schools and for students specializing in agriculture-related subjects have been exempted, and the national scholarship policy continues to be implemented. Comprehensively promoting the use of the common national language and script in ethnic areas. Nutritional improvement work for rural primary and secondary school students is being promoted. It is concerned about special education, and has stepped up its efforts to support students with disabilities at all levels and in all categories. It will continue to implement the program of counterpart support for higher education institutions in central and western regions from the eastern part of the country, as well as the enrollment collaboration program. When laborers from impoverished areas go to cities to work, both sending and importing places should actively carry out employment training. Continuing to promote the construction of major cultural projects to benefit the people, such as the village-to-village transmission of radio and television broadcasting, rural movie screening, cultural information resources*** enjoyment and farmhouse bookstores. The construction of grass-roots cultural teams will be strengthened.
(xxiv) Improving public **** health and population service management. Raising the level of protection for new rural cooperative medical care and medical assistance. Further improving the grassroots medical and health service system in impoverished areas, and improving the conditions of medical and rehabilitation service facilities. Strengthening the capacity building of maternal and child healthcare organizations. Efforts to prevent and control major and endemic diseases will be stepped up. Continuing to implement the 10,000 Physicians Supporting Rural Health Project, organizing urban medical personnel to carry out various forms of support activities in the countryside, such as diagnostic and treatment services, clinical teaching and technical training, so as to improve the technical level and service capacity of county hospitals and township health centers. It is also strengthening population and family planning work in impoverished areas, further improving the system of incentives and support for rural family planning families, the "Fewer Births, Faster Riches" project, and the system of special support for family planning families, increasing support for family planning recipients of poverty-alleviation assistance, and strengthening the management of family planning services for the floating population.
(xxv) Improving the social security system. Gradually raising the levels of minimum subsistence guarantee and five guarantees of subsistence in rural areas, and effectively safeguarding the basic livelihood of rural people who are unable to work and live in constant difficulty. Improve the emergency relief system for natural disasters, and perfect the policy of livelihood assistance for disaster-affected people. It is accelerating the progress of coverage under the new rural social pension insurance system, and supporting the strengthening of social security service systems in impoverished areas. Accelerating the construction of rural pension institutions and service facilities, supporting impoverished areas in establishing a sound pension service system, and solving the pension problems of the majority of the elderly. Accelerating the construction of communities in impoverished areas. It will do a good job of village planning, expand pilot projects for the reconstruction of dilapidated houses in rural areas, and help impoverished households solve the problem of basic housing security. Improve policies on the employment of migrant workers, social security and reform of the household registration system.
(26) Emphasize energy and ecological environment construction. Accelerate the development and utilization of renewable energy in impoverished areas, develop small hydropower, solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy according to local conditions, and promote the application of biogas, energy-saving stoves, solid-forming fuels, straw gasification centralized gas supply stations and other eco-energy construction projects, leading to the conversion of water, kitchen, toilet, circle and comprehensive utilization of straw. Improve the rate of harmless treatment of urban sewage and garbage, and increase the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment. Strengthening grassland protection and construction, enhancing the construction and management of nature reserves, and strongly supporting the project of returning pasture to grass. Measures such as forbidding grazing, resting grazing and rotating grazing have been taken to restore natural grassland vegetation and ecological functions. Increase the prevention and control of mudslides, landslides, collapses and other geological disasters, focusing on monitoring and early warning, relocation and avoidance, engineering management and other comprehensive prevention and control measures in disaster-prone areas.