1.1 The engine can not be started
(1) Failure phenomenon: turn on the ignition switch, the ignition switch to the starting position, the engine can not be started.
(2) Possible causes of failure:
A. Starting system failure so that the engine can not be turned or too slow: ① insufficient battery storage, electrode post clamps loose or electrode post oxidation; ② circuit fuse broken; ③ ignition switch failure; ④ starter motor failure; ⑤ starter line breakage or poor contact with the line connector.
B. Ignition system failure: ① poor ignition coil, resulting in a weak or no high-voltage spark; ② ignitor failure; ③ ignition time is not correct.
C. Fuel injection system failure: ① no fuel in the tank; ② fuel pump does not work or the pump pressure is too low; ③ fuel pipe leakage deformation; ④ circuit breaker relay disconnection; ⑤ fuel pressure regulator is not working well; ⑥ fuel filter is too dirty.
D. Air intake system failure: ① idle speed control valve or its control line failure; ② idle speed control valve air pipe rupture or leakage; ③ air flow meter failure.
E. ECU failure.
(3) Diagnostic troubleshooting methods and steps.
①Play the starting gear, the starter and the engine can not turn, should be checked according to the starting system failure. First of all, check the battery storage and pole connection and contact; if the battery is normal, check the starting line, fuse and ignition switch; ② step down the throttle to the medium open position, and then hit the starter. If at this point, the engine can be started, the fault for the idle control valve and its line failure or intake pipe leakage, if you step off the gas pedal to the medium open position, and still not start, should be the next step of the inspection; ③ appearance check. Check whether there is any air leakage in the intake pipe; check whether the hoses and their connections are intact; check whether there is any air leakage or rupture of the crankcase ventilator hose; ④ Check the high pressure spark. If the high-voltage spark is not normal, check the high-voltage wires, ignition coil, distributor and electronic ignition; ⑤ Check whether the ignition sequence is correct; ⑥ Check the oil supply of the oil supply system. Check the fuel supply pressure in the fuel pipe after confirming that there is a tear in the fuel tank; ⑦ Check the ignition timing and the ignition sequence of each cylinder; ⑧ Check the operation of the fuel pump switch mounted on the air flow meter; ⑨ Check the operation of the spark plugs of each cylinder; ⑩ Check the ignition timing. If the ignition timing is incorrect, the ignition timing control system should be further checked;?B11?Check the power supply and operation of the ECU to determine whether it is a failure of the ECU.
1.2 Engine Stall Fault
(1) Fault phenomenon: When the engine is working, the speed is suddenly high and low, this phenomenon is the engine stall phenomenon, and the fault is called engine stall fault.
(2) the cause of the failure: the cause of the engine speed suddenly high and low fuel injection disk system failure, there are ignition control system failure, and air intake system failure. Common causes of failure are as follows:
①There are air leaks in the air intake system. Such as the hoses and connections leakage, PVC valve leakage, EGR system leakage, oil dipstick socket leakage, oil filter cover leakage, etc.; ② air filter element is too dirty; ③ air flow meter is not working properly; ④ fuel injection system fuel supply pressure instability. Such as fuel pipe deformation, system wiring connection contact is poor, fuel pump pump pressure is insufficient, fuel pressure regulator work is not stable, fuel filter is too dirty, circuit breaker relay contact jitter, etc.; ⑤ Ignition timing is not correct; ⑥ cold start injector and temperature timing switch is not working well; ⑦ ECU failure.
(3) Diagnosis and elimination methods and steps: ① Check the intake pipeline for air leakage. Check the hoses and connecting joints, PVC valve pipe, EGR system, oil dipstick socket, oil filter cover; ② check the oil supply pressure. Check whether the fuel tank is too little fuel, check whether the pressure in the fuel pipe is unstable. Specific methods and check the engine can not start the same; ③ check whether the air filter element is too dirty; ④ check the ignition advance angle; ⑤ check the work of the cylinder spark plugs; ⑥ check the work of the cold start injectors and temperature and time control switch; ⑦ check the output voltage of the air flow meter and the relationship between the engine conditions; ⑧ check the spray situation of the injector; ⑨ check the work of the ECU.
1.3 engine idling fault
(1) Failure phenomenon: the engine in the medium speed above the normal operation, when the speed of idling or close to idling, the phenomenon of unstable idling or even stalling, that is, bad idling fault.
(2) the cause of the failure: the cause of poor idling is usually due to the air intake system and injection control system, individual times will also be due to engine mechanical failure caused by poor idling. Common causes of poor idling are: ① air intake system with air leaks; ② cold start injectors and temperature and time control switch is not working properly; ③ injection system oil supply pressure is not normal; ④ injector failure caused by the poor quality of spray atomization; ⑤ ECU failure.
(3) Diagnostic methods and steps: ① check the air intake pipe, PVC valve hose, oil dipstick leakage; ② check whether the air filter element is too dirty; ③ check whether the cold start injector and temperature and time control switch is normal; ④ check whether the fuel system pressure is too low; ⑤ check the injector injection; ⑥ check the cylinder pressure and valve lash if necessary; ⑦ check the ECU.
1.4 Thin mixture failure
(1) Failure phenomenon: engine speed is unstable, power is obviously insufficient, and there is a phenomenon of backfiring, it can be assumed that there is a mixture of the engine is too thin failure.
(2) causes: ① air intake system leakage phenomenon; ② cold start injector and temperature timing switch failure; ③ system fuel pressure is too low; ④ injector card or blockage; ⑤ air flow meter failure; ⑥ water temperature sensor failure; ⑦ throttle position sensor failure; ⑧ ECU failure.
(3) Diagnostic methods and steps: ① check the air intake system for air leakage; ② check the cold start injector timer switch; ③ check the injector is not clogged, card failure; ④ check the air flow meter work; ⑤ check the water temperature sensor; ⑥ check the throttle position sensor work; ⑦ check the ECU terminals input and output signals.
1.5 Poor acceleration failure
(1) Fault phenomenon: the engine in the throttle from low speed slowly accelerated to high speed, the work is completely normal, but in the rapid acceleration, the engine speed change is slow, and sometimes there is a gasping or backfire phenomenon.
(2) causes: ① air intake system leakage; ② system oil supply pressure is too low; ③ ignition voltage is too low; ④ ignition time is too late; ⑤ cylinder pressure is too low or valve clearance is too small; ⑥ throttle position sensor is not working properly; ⑦ ECU failure.
(3) Diagnostic methods and steps: ① check the intake system for air leakage; ② check the high pressure spark condition; ③ check whether the ignition advance angle is normal; ④ check the system oil pressure; ⑤ check whether the throttle sensor is working properly; ⑥ check whether the signal of each terminal of the ECU is normal; ⑦ check the valve lash and cylinder working pressure if necessary.
2 engine fault diagnosis and troubleshooting flowchart
2.1 engine can not start fault diagnosis and troubleshooting flowchart
Electronic engine can not be rotated or rotate very slowly, the main reason is that the battery or the starting system is faulty, you can check the battery and the starting system to rule out: if the crankshaft rotation is normal and the engine can not start, the main reason is that the fuel injection system sensors, actuators, and the fuel injection system. If the crankshaft rotates normally and the engine fails to start, the main reason is that the sensors, actuators, electronic control unit and its wiring of the fuel injection system are faulty, which can be ruled out according to the procedure shown in Figure 1:
2.2 Poor acceleration or stalling fault diagnosis and troubleshooting flowchart
2.3 Poor engine idling or stalling
The main reason of poor idling or stalling is that the idling control system is faulty, which can be ruled out according to the procedure shown in Figure 3:
3 Detecting the faults in the idle system and the idle control system. /p>
3 Detection and maintenance of the notes
3.1 Electronically controlled engine maintenance points
(1) control gasoline injection system on the cleanliness of gasoline requirements are very high, should be used to fully comply with the requirements of the brand and quality of de-leaded gasoline. Fuel filter to be replaced regularly to prevent foreign matter in the fuel to block the injector.
(2) Use the power supply in strict accordance with the requirements. The polarity must be correct when installing the battery, or the electronic components will burn out.
(3) Try to avoid the computer is subject to severe vibration, and to prevent moisture soaked into the electronic control system parts (parts).
(4) In the battery loss of power caused by the engine can not start normally, the battery should be charged in a timely manner or replaced with a new battery, and try not to use the method of cross-connecting the circuit to start the engine.
(5) Do not flush the microcomputer control unit and other electronic devices with water. The humidity in the environment where the engine is stored should not be too high, and try not to flush the floor with water in summer.
(6) Prevent the microcomputer system from being subjected to severe mechanical shock vibration.
(7) The engine should be far away from electrical equipment that can emit electromagnetic fields, to avoid interference with the microcomputer system by strong electromagnetic fields in space.
3.2 electronically controlled fuel system check points
(1) open the ignition switch, and the engine does not start, the warning light should be lit. After the engine starts normally, the warning light should be extinguished, if not extinguished, it means that the computer self-diagnostic system detects a fault or anomaly. At this time, the battery can not be disconnected from the circuit, in order to prevent the microcomputer stored in the fault code and related information is lost. The failure of the electronic gasoline injection system should be judged according to the number of times the warning light flashes or the fault code output, and the fault code should be read with special equipment.
(2) The battery's hitch wire should be removed before overhauling operations on the fuel supply system.
(3) The electric gasoline pump is controlled by the switch in the air flow meter in addition to the ignition switch. After the ignition switch is turned on, the gasoline pump works continuously only when the engine is in normal operation or starting state and the air flow meter detects the air flow signal or the microcomputer detects the speed and ignition signal. Its discharge pressure is higher than that of a normal oil supply system, and when damaged, it can only be replaced with an electric gasoline pump of a prototype model.
(4) maintenance, regardless of whether the engine is running, as long as the ignition switch on, never disconnect any electrical device is working. Because these devices often step, there is a certain inductance, when suddenly cut off its working current, will produce a very high transient voltage in the circuit, will cause serious damage to the electronic devices.
(5) If you need to arc welding, you should disconnect the power supply power line of the electronic control unit.
(6) on the microcomputer and its connection to the sensor, actuator overhaul, the operator must be eliminated in advance of the body of the static electricity, be sure to bring with the iron metal band, will be wrapped around the wrist, the other end of the clamped to the body, to avoid the static electricity caused by the damage to the microcomputer system.
Edited on 2016-10-27
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