CNC machine tools are generally composed of CNC systems, servo systems containing servo motors and detection and feedback devices, strong electrical control cabinets, machine tool body and various types of auxiliary devices (molybdenum wire).
(1) control media
Control media, also known as the information carrier, is the intermediate medium between the human and the CNC machine tool contact material, reflecting all the information in the CNC processing.
(2) CNC system
CNC system is the core of the machine tool to achieve automatic processing, is the soul of the entire CNC machine tool. Mainly by the input device, monitor, the main control system, programmable controllers, various types of input / output interfaces. The main control system is mainly composed of CPU, memory, controller and so on. The main control object of the numerical control system is the position, angle, speed and other mechanical quantities, as well as temperature, pressure, flow and other physical quantities, the control mode can be divided into two categories of data processing control and timing logic control. One of the main controller within the interpolation module is based on the readers of the parts program, through the decoding, compiling and other processing, the corresponding tool trajectory interpolation operations, and through the position of the coordinate servo system, speed feedback signals, so as to control the displacement of the machine tool axes. Timing logic control is usually completed by the programmable controller PLC, which is coordinated according to the requirements of each action in the machine tool machining process, according to the detection signals for the logic of discrimination, thereby controlling the machine tool components in an orderly manner in order to work molybdenum wire.
(3) servo system
Servo system is the CNC system and machine tool body between the electrical transmission link. Mainly by the servo motor, drive control system and position detection and feedback devices. Servo motor is the execution element of the system, drive control system is the power source of the servo motor. CNC system issued by the command signal and position feedback signal comparison as a displacement command, and then after the drive system power amplification, drive motor operation, through the mechanical transmission device to drag the table or tool holder movement molybdenum wire.
(4) strong power control cabinet
Strong power control cabinet is mainly used to beam installation of machine tool power control of various electrical components, in addition to providing CNC, servo and other types of weak control system transmission ^ power supply, as well as a variety of short-circuit, overload, undervoltage, and other electrical protection, mainly in the P1, C output interface and machine tool various types of auxiliary devices between the electrical actuating components to play the role of the bridge connection, control the machine tool auxiliary devices of various AC power supply. Control of machine tool auxiliary devices of various AC motors, hydraulic systems, electromagnetic smell or electromagnetic off the table, and so on. In addition, it is also connected with the machine tool console manual buttons. Power control cabinet by a variety of intermediate relays, contactors, transformers, power switches, terminals and various types of electrical protection components. It is similar to the general general machine tool electrical, but in order to improve the weak control system of anti-interference, the requirements of various types of frequent start-up or switching of motors, contactors and other electromagnetic induction devices must be connected to the RC capacitance-absorbing absorber; the input of the various detection signals are required to use shielded cable connected to the molybdenum wire.
(5) auxiliary devices
Auxiliary devices mainly include automatic blade changing device ATC (Automatic Tool ChaWer), automatic table exchange mechanism APC (Automatic Pallet Changer), workpiece clamping and relaxation mechanism, rotary table, hydraulic control system, lubrication device, cutting fluid device, Chip removal device, overload and protection device, etc.
(6) machine tool body
The body of CNC machine tool refers to its mechanical structure entity. It is compared with the traditional common machine tools, the same by the main drive system, feed drive mechanism, table, bed to Xia column and other parts, but the overall layout of the CNC machine tool, the appearance of modeling, transmission mechanism, tooling system and operating institutions have undergone great changes. In order to meet the requirements of CNC technology and give full play to the characteristics of CNC machine tools, summarized in the following aspects of change.
①The use of high-performance main drive and spindle components. Has the advantages of transmitting power, high stiffness, good vibration resistance and small thermal deformation, etc.?
②The feed drive adopts high-efficiency transmission parts. Has a short transmission chain, simple structure, transmission accuracy and other characteristics, generally using ball screws, linear rolling guide vice molybdenum wire.
③ With a perfect tool automatic exchange and management system.
④ In the machining center generally has automatic workpiece exchange, workpiece clamping and relaxation mechanism.
9 machine itself has a high degree of dynamic and static cut.
6 fully enclosed enclosure. As the CNC machine tool is automatically complete the processing in order to operate the safety, etc., the general use of mobile door structure of the fully enclosed enclosure, the machine tool processing parts for the full enclosure.