The gradual expansion of the scale of modern cities, the increase in urban population, industrial sewage and domestic sewage emissions are increasing, the pollution of the environment is becoming increasingly serious, sewage treatment has been imminent. With the progress of science and technology and the implementation of environmental protection action plan and national attention to environmental pollution, environmental protection has gradually embarked on the legalization of the track, the proportion of investment in sewage treatment equipment gradually increased, the more prominent role. The quality of sewage treatment equipment, and its installation and maintenance, directly affect the effect of sewage treatment.
1. Problems in the installation of sewage treatment equipment
Most domestic sewage treatment plants using foreign imports of equipment, so that the installation of equipment, there are the following problems,
Sewage treatment plant most of the machinery and equipment imported from abroad; electrical equipment, instrumentation, automation systems imported from abroad, the installation of technical requirements; general technical information to the plant time late. Translation work time is urgent, the lack of systematic understanding of some of the technical information to the construction of difficulties; foreign imports of equipment spare parts are few and difficult to buy, and therefore should be particularly careful in the installation and transportation process; more work number, and scattered, site management is difficult. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of construction, it is necessary to thoroughly study the technical problems in the construction process.
2. Points for installation of sewage treatment equipment
2.1 Preparation before installation of equipment
2.1.1 Procurement of equipment
To ensure the quality of installation of equipment, the first equipment itself should be over the quality. In order to ensure the quality of sewage treatment equipment and the overall quality of the entire sewage treatment project, the construction unit should be through the bidding for the procurement of equipment. For example, sludge dewatering machine, grating machine, aeration system, water pump, blower and so on, usually provided by the construction unit, but also select the construction unit with rich experience and professional knowledge to construction. In the bidding and determine the winning bidder, we should fully examine the scale of the winning bidder's unit, reputation and so on, so as to ensure a good quality of equipment supply.
2.1.2 Acceptance of equipment
First of all, we should check the quantity of equipment, parts and standard fasteners against the site delivery and acceptance list, check the parts for loss, damage, bumping, and store the small parts in the warehouse. Secondly, the appearance of the civil foundation must be inspected, and there shall be no defects such as cracks, honeycomb, hollows, exposed tendons and so on. The civil foundation should also have a certificate of quality and measurement records, the elevation datum line and the vertical and horizontal center line of the foundation should be clearly delineated on the foundation, and the size and position of the foundation should be double-checked and inspected, and its permissible deviation should be in accordance with the requirements of the attached table. Finally, the owner of the unit and the supervision unit signed the contract, including the acceptance of incoming equipment, here the incoming equipment contains all the equipment, including the equipment supplied by the owner, and through the form of documents to confirm that the supervisory engineers have the right to inspect all the process equipment and materials used in the project, for those who do not meet the standards of the equipment and materials should be strictly prohibited from entering the construction site, the supervisory engineers have the right to notify the construction party Immediately stop the use of substandard materials and installation of substandard process equipment.
Equipment to the field of field inspection is to ensure that the quality of equipment is an important link, supervision engineers and construction quality inspectors have an important responsibility. Field equipment inspection items include the following: the number of equipment, appearance, parts and components are intact, the degree of integrity of the seals, the nameplate labeling and specifications, dimensions to meet the requirements of the design drawings, whether or not there is a certificate of conformity and quality inspection certificates and other relevant information, in the case of conditions permitting, part of the seals should be opened for inspection, if the above items are in line with the relevant norms, standards and design requirements If the above items are in line with the relevant norms, standards and design requirements, the party can allow the equipment to enter the scene, otherwise, regardless of the equipment supplied by which party, should not be allowed to enter the scene of the equipment.
2.1.3 Good quality supervision
Installation project involves more disciplines and specialties, the continuous updating of technology requires quality supervision personnel to constantly enrich themselves and improve their ability to adapt to the technical requirements of engineering construction and equipment installation and the speed of technological progress. Quality supervision of sewage treatment plants should be familiar with the design documents, quality supervision and control programs, and clarify the content, mode and basis of supervision. For the characteristics of sewage treatment equipment, set up installation control nodes. Timely establishment of quality supervision and control programs, improve the quality supervision system, and strengthen the construction responsibility and standardization. Equipment installation should be noted that before the installation of the relevant responsible person and the constructor should be familiar with the construction drawings, specifications, manuals and other relevant technical documents, on this basis to participate in the drawing review meeting and make a good record, and to the construction team technical briefing. Major equipment should be prepared for transportation and lifting programs, but also carefully coordinate with the civil engineering and owners, arrange for the first installation of equipment with conditions for construction.
2.2 equipment installation
Effectively do a good job of the base of the construction and installation, in the base of the construction of the line before, must first determine the reasonable location of the equipment installation and reasonable layout, supporting machinery and transportation vehicle access, as well as loading platforms, stockpile location, etc., and if necessary, to be trimmed. Wastewater treatment equipment combination of more pieces, in order to ensure smooth assembly and maintain stable working performance after installation, in the measurement and release, prefabrication or masonry base of the pre-stage, must be strictly in accordance with technical specifications for construction.
The focus of the installation is to do a good job of quality control of the key parts and key nodes. First of all, the grounding basis of the sewage treatment plant is the grounding resistance and grounding network, so we must do a good job of grounding resistance and grounding network laying quality control, and in the process of each process should be strict quality control, such as grounding the main reinforcement of the longitudinal and transverse penetration of the main steel bar to ensure that the value of the grounding resistance in accordance with the design standards, corrosion protection, electrical access and so on, in line with the design requirements, and so on. Secondly, the sewage treatment plant pipeline is more, such as water supply pipe, sewage pipe, dosing pipe, sludge pipe, reuse water pipe, air pipe, etc., the quality of these pipelines on the sewage treatment plant is a huge impact, so we should strengthen the process of pipeline laying, strength and airtightness of the monitoring. Thirdly, do a good job of quality inspection of professional equipment such as mud treatment system, deodorization system, fire extinguishing system, water treatment system, water reuse system and quality control of underwater equipment. The quality control of these systems directly determines the success or failure of the installation of sewage machinery and equipment, comprehensive testing of machinery and equipment to ensure that these equipment runs smoothly and the system operates in a coordinated manner.
3. Maintenance of sewage treatment equipment
The sewage treatment plant should always keep the equipment in good condition, in addition to the correct use of equipment, but also good maintenance of equipment. Long-term use of equipment will inevitably cause wear and tear of local parts, corrosion or deformation, leading to a decline in safety performance, and even equipment accidents. Therefore, equipment maintenance system should be established, regular inspection of equipment, lubrication, adjustment, to prevent early damage to equipment, to avoid failure during operation. The maintenance of work equipment includes the following points: neat, safe, clean and lubricated.
3.1 pump maintenance
Every six months to check, adjust, replace the pump import and export gate valve seasoning. Should regularly check the lifting pool water scale or level meter and its conversion device. Standby pumps should be at least once a month for test run. Ambient temperature below 0 ℃, must be drained of water stored in the pump casing.
3.2 fan maintenance
Fan must be checked before starting the lubricating oil, no oil or lack of oil operation is strictly prohibited. The fan must be regularly inspected on patrol, once found abnormal, must be shut down for maintenance. Regularly check each bearing lubricant and water-cooled, air-cooled piping system, three months for overhaul. When the fan is running, the staff closely observe the operation, and immediately stop the machine for inspection if any problem is found.
3.3 Maintenance of dosing equipment
Dosing equipment is regularly inspected and debris in the dosing tank is regularly discharged. Regularly check the lubrication of the agitator and metering pump, and carry out maintenance once every three months.
3.4 coarse and fine grating decontamination machine
Timely removal of grating slag. Strengthen the flood season patrol, increase the number of decontamination, to ensure smooth water flow. Grid decontamination machine work, monitor the operation of the equipment, found faults should be immediately stopped for maintenance. Grid encountered before the large debris and floating objects, timely salvage, in order to prevent damage to the decontamination machine components. Each decontaminator maintenance, maintenance work is completed in a timely manner after cleaning the grating machine inside and outside the health, keep clean. Keep the decontaminator and its surrounding clean. Fine grating every day to clean the back wall plate, slag collection mouth fibrous garbage once. Discover that the drive chain flap of the decontaminator has broken phenomenon, etc., and replace it immediately. The decontaminator, screw conveyor, slag press is regularly overhauled according to plan.
3.5 water inlet area, outlet area equipment
Every six months to check, adjust, replace the pump mechanical seals, lubricating oil. Regular overhaul of the catch basin float level meter and conversion device. (Technical indicators have a standby equipment, the integrity of the working equipment to reach 100%; pump room equipment should be more than 95% of the overall integrity rate.)
3.6 Aerated Sand Sedimentation Pond
The limiting device of sand suction machinery is adjusted once a month. Keep the sand discharge pipe, drain, sand-water separator smooth. Maintain environmental hygiene around the sand sedimentation tank and slag compactor, sand-water separator.
4. Conclusion
Special equipment installation, maintenance and repair procedures should be based on the actual production of the unit, organized by the safety and technical departments to prepare. Only fully understand and grasp the objective laws of safe operation and maintenance of equipment, do a good job of comprehensive all-round maintenance of equipment, in order to protect the benign operation of sewage treatment plants, so as to better serve the cause of environmental protection.
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