Author: Dai Yongqing Publisher: Machinery Industry Press
Translator: Series name:
Publication date: Shelf date: 2006-1-20 17:45:00
ISBN: 7111072286 Pages: Editions: 1-3
Opening page: 16 Framed:
Table of Contents Preface. Physical Quantity Symbol Names and Units Introduction Part 1 Basic Knowledge Chapter 1 Basic Theory 1.1 Theoretical Knowledge 1.1.1 State Parameters of Work Masses 1.1.2 Equation of State for Ideal Gases 1.1.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics 1.1.4 Fundamental Equations of Heat Transfer 1.1.5 Fundamental Equations of Fluid Mechanics 1.1.6 Fuel for Direct-Fired Lithium Bromide Absorption Units 1.2 Properties of Lithium Bromide Solution 1.2. 1 Physical properties of lithium bromide solutions 1.2.2 Corrosivity of lithium bromide solutions and corrosion inhibitors 1.2.3 Thermodynamic diagrams of lithium bromide solutions 1.3 Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycles 1.3.1 Single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle 1.3.2 Representation of a single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle on an h-ξ diagram 1.3.3 Two-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle 1.3.4 Principle of lithium bromide absorption heat pump 1.4 Heat balance calculation and performance index of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle 1.4.1 Heat balance calculation of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle 1.4.2 Performance index of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration cycle Chapter 2 Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Models and Structures 2.1 Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Classification 2.1.1 Classification according to the application 2.1.2 Classification according to the driving 2.1.3 Classification according to the use of driving heat source 2.2 Steam-type lithium bromide absorption chiller 2.2.1 Steam-type chiller main components and structural type 2.2.2 Double-effect steam-type chiller solution cycle process 2.2.3 Steam-type chiller main components of the structure of the chiller 2.3 Directly combustible lithium bromide absorption chiller and hot and cold water unit 2.3.1 Refrigeration and heating special machine 2.3 2.3.3 Combined lithium bromide absorption chiller-heater unit 2.4 Hot water type lithium bromide absorption chiller 2.4.1 Single-effect hot water type lithium bromide absorption chiller 2.4.2 Two-stage hot water type lithium bromide absorption chiller 2.4.3 Two-stage hot water type lithium bromide absorption chiller 2.5 Heat pump type lithium bromide absorption chiller unit 2.5.1 The first category of lithium bromide 2.5.2 The second type of lithium bromide absorption heat pump unit 2.6 Lithium bromide absorption unit of the automatic pumping device 2.6.1 The role and principle of the automatic pumping device 2.6.2 Several commonly used automatic pumping device type Chapter 3 Lithium Bromide Absorption Unit Supporting Equipment 3.1 Shield pump 3.1.1 Selection requirements of the shielding pump 3.1.2 Shield pump structure 3.1.3 Working principle of shielding pump 3.1.4 Main technical parameters of SS-type shielding pump 3.1.5 PN2-type shielding pump 3.1.6 Main technical parameters of L-type shielding pump 3.2 Vacuum pump 3.2.1 Requirements for the selection of vacuum pumps 3.2.2 Vacuum pump structure 3.2.3 Vacuum pump working principle 3.2.4 Vacuum pump main technical parameters 3.3 Vacuum valves 3.3.1 Selection requirements for vacuum valves 3.3.2 Vacuum valves 3.3.2 Vacuum diaphragm valve 3.3.3 Vacuum pipeline valve 3.3.4 Vacuum ball valve 3.3.5 Vacuum angle valve 3.3.6 Vacuum solenoid valve 3.4 Vacuum measuring instruments 3.4.1 U-tube absolute manometer 3.4.2 U-tube mercury differential manometer 3.4.3 Rotary McElroy's vacuum meter 3.4.4 Membrane vacuum manometer 3.5 Combustor 3.5.1 Requirements for the selection of combustor 3.5.2 Oil burner 3.5.3 Gas burner Chapter 4 Performance of lithium bromide absorption units 4.1 Influence of changes in external conditions on the performance of the unit 4.1.1 Influence of chilled water outlet temperature 4.1.2 Influence of chilled water inlet temperature 4.1.3 Influence of chilled water volume 4.1.4 Influence of chilled water volume 4.1.5 Influence of the temperature of the heat source 4.2 Other factors affecting performance 4.2 .1 Effect of fouling coefficient 4.2.2 Effect of non-condensable gases 4.2.3 Effect of solution circulation volume 4.2.4 Effect of surfactant 4.2.5 Effect of refrigerant water contamination 4.3 Performance at part load 4.3.1 Cooling capacity vs. fuel consumption at part load 4.3.2 Coefficients of performance at part load 4.3.3 Heat supply vs. fuel consumption at part load 4.4 Summary of Performance Changes Chapter 5 Automatic Control of Lithium Bromide Absorption Units 5.1 Safety Protection System 5.1.1 Installation Position and Setting Range 5.1.2 Main Safety Protection Elements 5.2 Energy Regulation System 5.2.1 Refrigeration (Heating) Volume Adjustment 5.2.2 Solution Circulation Volume Adjustment 5.2.3 Main Components of Energy Regulation 5.3 Program Operation System 5.3.1 Starting Flowchart 5.3.2 Shutdown flow chart 5.4 Microcomputer control system 5.4.1 Functions of the microcomputer control system 5.4.2 Programmable logic controller (PLC) 5.4.3 Touch control screen Chapter 2 Operation and Maintenance Chapter 6 Installation, commissioning and operation management of lithium bromide absorption unit 6.1 Installation of lithium bromide absorption unit 6.1.1 Overall positioning and installation of the unit 6.1.2 Separate positioning and installation of the unit 6.2 Lithium bromide absorption unit 6.1.1 Installation of the unit 6.1.1 Installation of the whole unit 6.1.2 Unit split and Installation 6.2 Commissioning and Operation of Lithium Bromide Absorption Unit 6.2.1 Preparation before Commissioning 6.2.2 Commissioning of the Unit 6.2.3 Operation of the Unit 6.3 Operation Management of Lithium Bromide Absorption Unit 6.3.1 Management of the Pumping System 6.3.2 Management of the Airtightness 6.3.3 Management of the Refrigerant Water 6.3.4 Management of Lithium Bromide Solution 6.3.5 Management of Cold/Hot Water and Cooling Water 6.3.6 Operation Management of Cooling Water at Low Temperature 6.3.6 Operation Management of Cooling Water at Low Temperature 6.3.6 Management of Cooling Water at Low Temperature Operation Management at Low Temperature 6.3.7 Operation Management for Partial Load 6.3.8 Operation Management for Hot/Cold Switching 6.3.9 Operation Management under Special Circumstances 6.3.10 Combustion Management 6.3.11 Management of Auto-control Components and Electrical Equipment Chapter 7 Maintenance Troubleshooting and Overhauling of Lithium Bromide Absorption Units 7.1 Maintenance of Lithium Bromide Absorption Units 7.1.1 Maintenance Requirements 7.1. 7.1.2 Short-term shutdown maintenance 7.1.3 Long-term shutdown maintenance 7.1.4 Regular inspection and replacement 7.2 Common faults and handling of lithium bromide absorption units 7.2.1 Crystallization 7.2.2 Icing 7.2.3 Refrigerant water contamination 7.2.4 Low pumping capacity 7.2.5 Sudden shutdown 7.2.6 Low performance and countermeasures 7.2.7 Handling in case of operation of the safety device 7.2.8 Burner failure Handling 7.2.9 Troubleshooting Summary Table 7.3 Overhaul of Lithium Bromide Absorption Units 7.3.1 Overhaul of Vacuum Valves 7.3.2 Overhaul of Sight Glasses 7.3.3 Overhaul of Shielded Pumps 7.3.4 Overhaul of Vacuum Pumps 7.3.5 Overhaul of Burners 7.3.6 Overhaul of Auto-Control Components and Electrical Devices 7.3.7 Overhaul of Pumping System 7.3.8 Inspection, Cleaning, and Replacement of Heat Transfer Pipe 7.3.9 Cleaning of the unit 7.4 Management and maintenance of ancillary equipment of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system 7.4.1 Cooling tower 7.4.2 Water pump 7.4.3 Air conditioner 7.5 Example of accident analysis 7.5.1 Installation of the unit is not level 7.5.2 Contamination of the refrigerant water 7.5.3 Leakage of welded fused crystal tubes 7.5.4 Leakage of the heat transfer tubes 7.5.5 Damage of the steam cover spacer gasket 7.5.6 Ignition 7.5.7 Overhaul of Lithium Bromide Absorption Units Part 3 Engineering Applications Chapter 8 Design and Application of Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Systems for Air Conditioning 8.1 Engineering Application Characteristics of Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Units 8.2 Configuration of Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Units 8.3 Auxiliary Systems for Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Units for Air Conditioning 8.3.1 Hot Water Systems for Hot Water Lithium Bromide Absorption Chiller Units 8.3. 8.3.2 Steam system of steam-type lithium bromide absorption chiller 8.3.3 Fuel storage and supply system of direct-fired units 8.3.4 Smoke exhaust system of direct-fired units 8.3.5 Cold and hot water system for air-conditioning 8.3.6 Cooling water system for air-conditioning 8.4 Selection of auxiliary equipment of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system 8.4.1 Cooling tower 8.4.2 Water pump 8.4.3 Heat exchanger 8.4.4 Water 8.4.5 Liquid storage tanks 8.4.6 Oil storage tanks 8.4.7 Oil pumps Chapter 9 Machine room design of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system 9.1 Machine room location and technical requirements 9.1.1 Location and composition of the machine room 9.1.2 Technical requirements for the design of the machine room 9.1.3 Requirements for fire protection, explosion-proofing and static prevention for the machine room of direct-fired units 9.2 Equipment layout of the machine room of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system 9.2.1 Principles of equipment layout 9.2.2 Requirements for the layout of lithium bromide absorption refrigeration units 9.2.3 Equipment layout of cooling water system 9.2.4 Equipment layout of cold and hot water system 9.2.5 Equipment layout of fuel oil system 9.2.6 Arrangement of gas alarms for gas system 9.2.7 Arrangement of other ancillary equipment 9.3 Occupational safety and health design of the machine room 9.3.1 Fire prevention of the machine room, Explosion-proof, anti-static design 9.3.2 Occupational health and safety protection 9.3.3 Muffling, vibration isolation and acoustic isolation Chapter 10 System piping design of lithium bromide absorption units 10.1 Basics of piping design 10.1.1 Piping classification 10.1.2 Piping pressure level and pipe diameter series 10.1.3 Tasks and conditions of piping design 10.2 Calculation of pipe diameter and pipe pressure drop 10.2.1 General requirements for pipe diameter and pipe pressure drop calculation 10.2.2 Pipe diameter selection 10.2.3 Pipe pressure drop calculation 10.3 Conveying medium and material selection for lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system 10.3.1 Conveying medium type, nature and pressure, temperature range 10.3.2 Piping selection 10.4 Piping installation design in the room 10.4.1 Installation and requirements 10.4.2 Piping for main equipment in the room 10.4.2 Piping for main equipment in the room 10.4.3 Superheated steam temperature and pressure reduction facilities 10.4.4 Steam regulating valves 10.4.5 Steam and condensate piping arrangement 10.4.6 Traps 10.4.7 Safety valves 10.4.8 Pollution removal and exhaust facilities 10.4.9 Fuel oil, gas piping installation 10.4.10 Piping system valves selection and installation Chapter 11 Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Technology in Air Conditioning Application Examples in Air Conditioning Engineering 11.1 Legend 11.2 Application Examples of Hot Water Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering 11.2.1 Qingdao Golden Plaza 11.3 Application Examples of Steam Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering 11.3.1 Railway Shanghai Station Main Station Building 11.3.2 Galaxy Hotel 11.3.3 Yinqiao Mansion 11.3.4 North Central Hotel 11.4 Fuel Oil Type Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Application Examples 11.4.1 Securities Building 11.4.2 China New Era Material Circulation Center 11.4.3 Beijing Civil Aviation Jingrui Building 11.5 Application Examples of Gas-fired Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineering 11.5.1 Shanghai Gas Company Meihua Building 11.5.2 South Xinya Catering City 11.5.3 Shanghai Library New Building 11.5.4 Shanghai Zhabei District Government 11.5.5 Shanghai General Motors 11.5.6 Shanghai Fuxing Civic Center Chapter 4 Product Characteristics Chapter 12 Product Introduction of Major Manufacturers of Lithium Bromide Absorption Chillers at Home and Abroad 12.1 Shanghai Yileng Carrier Air Conditioning Equipment Co. 12.2 Jiangsu Shuangliang Trane Lithium Bromide Refrigerant Co. 12.3 Dalian Sanyang Refrigeration Co. 12.5 York International (North Asia) Co. 12.6 Shanghai Tian Xiong Cooling and Heating Equipment Co. 12.7 Shanghai Pudong Lithium Bromide Refrigerator Factory 12.8 Shanghai Shenma Group Air Conditioner Co. 12.9 Kaifeng General Machinery Factory 12.10 Yantai Ebara Air Conditioning Equipment Co. 12.11 Qingdao LG-Tonghe Refrigeration Equipment Co. 12.12 Zhejiang Lianfeng Group Company 12.13 Hangzhou Lithium Bromide Refrigerator Factory 12.14 Guangdong Laifu Heavy Industry Machinery Co. 12.15 Shanghai Huayuan Advance Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Company 12.16 Changzhou Lithium Bromide Refrigerator Factory 12.17 Shandong Shui Longwang Group Air Conditioning Equipment Co. 12.20 Shandong Early Spring Group Co. Chapter 5 References Chapter 13 Lithium Bromide Absorption Unit Standards 13.1 Overview 13.2 Modeling Method Provisions 13.2.1 JB/T7247 Lithium Bromide Absorption Chiller Provisions 13.2.2 JB/T8055 Directly Combusted Lithium Bromide Absorption Cold and Hot Water Chiller Provisions 13.3 Heating Source Provisions 13.4 Performance index and working condition provisions 13.4.1 Performance index and nominal working condition provisions 13.4.2 Unit working range 13.4.3 Partial load performance provisions 13.4.4 Effect of fouling coefficient on performance 13.4.5 Unit noise 13.5 Strength and air tightness of the unit 13.6 Performance of the combustion equipment 13.7 Safety and protection provisions of the unit 13.8 Quality and safety inspection 13.9 Strength and airtightness test 13.10 Control regulation and safety protection element test 13.10.1 Element action test 13.10.2 Insulation resistance and withstand voltage test 13.11 Noise determination 13.12 Resistance determination 13.13 Combustion equipment test 13.13.1 Rated combustion capacity test 13.13.2 Ignition test 13.13.3 Combustion equipment safety device Action test 13.14 Measurement of flue gas blackness 13.15 Measurement of cooling capacity and heating capacity 13.15.1 Measurement method of cooling capacity and heating capacity 13.15.2 Measurement of steam flow rate 13.15.3 Calculation method of heat loss coefficient of the body 13.15.4 Measuring instrumentation 13.15.5 Test report Chapter 14 Relevant regulations, norms and standards 14.1 Lithium bromide absorption type unit Design, installation, construction and acceptance specifications 14.1.1 Design regulations 14.1.2 Installation, construction and acceptance regulations 14.2 Fuel 14.2.1 City gas safety regulations 14.2.2 Shanghai gas management regulations 14.2.3 GB50028-1993 "Urban Gas Design Code" 14.2.4 GBJ74 -1984 Design Code for Petroleum Depots 14.2.5GB50156-1992 Design Code for Small Petroleum Depots and Automobile Fueling Stations 14.2.6GB50041-1992 Design Code for Boiler Rooms 14.2.7DBJ08 -73-1998 "Provisions for the Setting of Boiler Rooms in Civil Buildings" 14.2.8 Fuel Oil Standards 14.2.9 Gas Standards 14.3 Cooling Water, Water Quality, Cooling Towers 14.3.1GB50050-1995 "Design Code for Industrial Circulating Cooling Water Treatment" 14.3. 2DB31/T143-1994 "hotels, restaurants air-conditioning water and cooling water quality standards" 14.3.3 JB/T7247, JB/T8055, JBJ10 provisions of the water quality standards 14.3.4 Japan's water quality standards 14.3.5 Cooling tower standards 14.3.6 Cooling tower installation regulations 14.4 Environmental protection and Prevention and Control of Air Pollution 14.4.1GB3095-1996 "Chinese People's *** and State Ambient Air Quality Standards" 14.4.2GB16297-1996 "Chinese People's *** and State Comprehensive Emission Standards for Air Pollutants" 14.4.3GB13271 -1991 "Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Boilers" 14.5 Noise Prevention and Control 14.5.1GB3096-1993 "Standard for Ambient Noise in Urban Areas" 14.5.2GBJ87-1985 "Design Code for Noise Control in Industrial Enterprises" 14.5. 3GB12348-1990 "Noise Standard for Factory Boundary of Industrial Enterprises" 14.6 Fire Protection 14.6.1 "Fire Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" 14.6.2GBJ16-1987 "Code for Fire Protection in Building Design (1997 Edition)" 14.6.3GB50045 1995 Code for Fire Protection in the Design of High-rise Civil Buildings (1997 Edition) 14.7 Energy Conservation 14.7.1 Energy Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China 14.7.2 Shanghai Energy Conservation Regulations 14.7.3 Shandong Province Energy Conservation Regulations Appendix A Brief Introduction of Domestic and International Manufacturers of Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration Machines Appendix B Brief introduction of domestic and foreign manufacturers of lithium bromide absorption chillers Appendix C Chart of physical properties of commonly used gases and liquids and unit conversion table Appendix C-1 Table of saturated water and saturated water vapor (by temperature) Appendix C-2 Table of saturated water and saturated water vapor (by pressure) Appendix C-3 Table of physical properties of dry air Physical Properties of Air Exhibit C-4 Physical Properties of Water Exhibit C-5 Thermophysical Properties of Superheated Water Vapor Exhibit C-6 Thermophysical Properties of Flue Gases Exhibit C-7 Conversion of Units Commonly Used in Refrigeration Attachment Lithium Bromide Solution h-ξ Figure References