According to the survey, China's primary and secondary school students due to drowning, food poisoning, building collapse and other accidental deaths, an average of more than 40 people per day, equivalent to a class of students disappeared every day! Accidental injuries on campus relentlessly become a threat to the safety of young people "number one killer". So how to prevent campus safety accidents no longer occur?
First, create a safe external environment.
The safety of primary and secondary students is a social system project. Schools and families can not assume all of their guardianship responsibilities, but also need the attention of the entire community, starting with every detail.
1, the establishment of a "trinity" of joint control and prevention of long-term mechanism, the formation of schools, society, family *** with the participation of young people's safety protection system. For example, public security, transportation, industry and commerce, health and epidemic prevention and education departments *** with the maintenance of schools and surrounding areas of law and order, fire, transportation, market order and food hygiene and safety, to eliminate all kinds of hidden dangers, and always pay attention to the children's healthy growth environment. Carry out in-depth rectification of law and order around the campus, crack down on theft, extortion, robbery of teachers and students, infringement of the personal safety of teachers and students of various types of criminal activities, should take the initiative and public security organs to contact the public security police for the school's legal principal and off-campus counselor, through the legal system lectures, combined with the analysis of actual cases, to enhance the students' awareness of safety precautions to help and guide the school to implement the safety of the various Preventive measures are taken to help and guide schools to implement various safety measures, and to improve and perfect the safety precautionary mechanism around the campus. After the occurrence of students being extorted, they should take the initiative to contact with the police station, and ask for more police patrols in key roads, parts and areas to prevent the `occurrence of cases of roadblock robbery, extortion and injury to students. Deceleration signs and warning signs should be set up at crosses and d-intersections near schools to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents. Strengthening links with the community. Only by establishing and improving the long-term management mechanism of joint control and prevention can we ensure the stability of the campus and optimize the environment for educating people.
2, the establishment of social insurance, the transfer of risk responsibility, so that the socialization of damages, is the solution to the current school accident damages a good prescription. The practice of Western countries has proved this. Our city of Shanghai has also been practiced. The Regulations clearly stipulate that: primary and secondary schools in the student injury accidents bear the responsibility of fault, the school to insure the liability of the accident, the injured students for compensation. The adoption of this local law is the first of its kind in the country, and marks the beginning of the exploration of the establishment of a school liability insurance system in the handling of accidents on campus in Shanghai, allowing insurance companies to intervene in the settlement of claims, and realizing the market-oriented settlement of claims, which is of exemplary significance in the whole country.
Second, enhance the sense of responsibility and crisis awareness, and strengthen the safety education.
1, enhance the sense of responsibility and crisis awareness: school leaders should be in line with the party's educational cause, the students responsible attitude, from the maintenance of the fundamental interests of the people, to maintain social stability, political stability of the height of the start, to enhance the sense of mission, sense of responsibility to grasp the school safety. Strictly implement the provisions of the school safety work, talk about safety, safety, nip accidents in the bud. School leaders to teachers, students and even parents should strengthen safety education. Master some methods of survival when emergencies come. To work with the relevant departments, according to the different characteristics of the season, region, environment and other key content selection, targeted safety prevention education, so that teachers and students receive a more systematic prevention of drowning, prevention of traffic accidents, prevention of food poisoning, prevention of emergencies and other safety knowledge education.
2, strengthen the safety education: school safety education should be the main students, while the staff to carry out education.
Safety management focuses on prevention, pay attention to and strengthen the primary and secondary school students and staff of safety education, enhance the awareness of safety precautions and self-protection ability, is effective in reducing the accident rate, to protect the safety of students an important means. According to the students' age, grade characteristics, environment, seasonal characteristics and the relevant laws in a timely manner to prevent theft, fire prevention, disease prevention, injury prevention and other aspects of education. To make good use of the examples closely related to students to educate students, from which to learn a lesson, cultivate students' safety awareness, improve the quality of students' safety.
(1) Strengthen risk education. According to the students' age, low level of understanding, poor risk awareness characteristics, strengthen the risk education for students, especially in the lower grades, so that students have a basic understanding of the general dangers that exist in society, with a certain risk identification capabilities, such as: the dangerous consequences of running a red light, the laboratory does not comply with the operating procedures of the serious consequences of the risk of being cheated by the danger of being robbed, etc., to avoid a lack of awareness of the consequences of the risk of causing an The company's website is a good source of information about the company's business.
(2) Strengthen the prevention and rescue education. The students' safety and self-help education, we should focus on cultivating students' self-help ability in emergency situations and the ability to deal with problems, to ensure that in the event of an accident is not at a loss, can take reasonable and effective means of rescue. This is not only the need for school safety work, but also the basic requirements for comprehensively improving the overall quality of students.
(3) Strengthen mental health education. Educate students to pay attention to maintaining a healthy mental state, help students overcome psychological barriers caused by various reasons, to avoid sudden accidents caused by psychological reasons. It is important to innovate ways and means of mental health education to improve students' trust. In the subtle process of letting students accept mental health education.
(4) Strengthen the safety education for teaching staff. The professional discipline of the teaching staff should be further tightened and the education of professional ethics should be effectively strengthened. In accordance with the provisions of the Regulations on Teachers' Qualifications, the qualifications of in-service teachers should be examined, and those who do not meet the qualifications of teachers should be resolutely dismissed, and those who are unsuitable for education and teaching due to physical and other factors should be adjusted to their work positions. It is necessary to strengthen the education of teachers' awareness of safety precautions and precautionary ability, to improve the methods and skills of teachers in coping with emergencies, and to minimize all kinds of losses caused by accidents. To care for students, love and care for students to set up a sense of security, and strive to improve the students' learning and living environment, to protect students' personal and property safety.
Third, clear tasks, strengthen measures to establish a safety system to prevent accidents and injuries on campus.
School injury accidents are sometimes unavoidable and impossible to avoid completely, the school should do a good job of preventive work to reduce, as far as possible to avoid accidental injury.
1, the establishment of a safety system.
First, safety inspection system. Regular inspection of school buildings, once the discovery of dangerous buildings, to immediately report to the higher authorities, and take measures to ensure the safety of students' lives. Regular inspection of teaching equipment, teaching equipment that may cause injury, to be replaced in a timely manner, a moment can not be replaced, expressly disallowed. Regular inspection of flammable and explosive items, dangerous items such as sulfuric acid for chemical tests should be kept in good condition and not allowed to be scattered to students. Regular inspection of fire fighting equipment, expired can not play a role in fire fighting, to try to replace.
Second, safety duty system. Before school, after school, lunchtime, evening, all students in the school period should be arranged for teachers on duty, so that there are people watching all the time. Duty to have regulations, records, checks.
Third, the establishment of security responsibility system. Schools should clarify the respective safety responsibilities of teachers, students and even parents. In the classroom, teachers are responsible for the safety of students, teachers corporal punishment of students to receive education or administrative punishment. When students leave the school, students' parents are responsible for their students' safety. Fully implement the accountability system for safety and the one-vote veto system. Strictly implement the accountability system for safety accidents and the "one-vote veto" system to enhance the sense of urgency to do a good job of safety. As long as the occurrence of security accidents, we must carry out the responsibility of tracing, involving who will be held accountable for the corresponding responsibility, and will never be tolerated. As long as there is a veto matters, mainly in accordance with the relevant management authority, the unit involved, collective, individual honor and promotion, promotion to be vetoed. To adhere to the cause of the accident is not investigated, the responsible person is not dealt with is not forgiven, rectification measures are not implemented is not forgiven, the relevant personnel are not educated is not forgiven "four do not forgive" principle, seriously investigate all kinds of accidents hidden trouble, the implementation of the system of responsibility and accountability at all levels.
Fourth, effectively improve the information reporting system, accident reporting system, large-scale activities off-campus activities approval system. Once a security incident occurs, the incident unit should be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the telephone, network or paper text way to report the real situation at all levels. Organized off-campus activities, activities must be carefully arranged before, and in accordance with the management authority to submit a detailed request report to the educational administration for approval.
Fifth, the establishment of a sound security early warning mechanism and emergency response mechanism. Comprehensively improve the management level of school safety work and emergency response capacity. To be prepared for danger, save for a rainy day, take the initiative, optimize management, effectively strengthen campus safety, to ensure the lives and health of teachers and students safety. To develop a working plan for the disposal of accidents, and the deployment of competent personnel to form an emergency working group to improve the rapid response capability, timely disposal of emergencies, minimize the loss of life and property.
2. Take safety measures. Some may cause accidental injury to underage students work and activities to take safety measures. Prohibit students from climbing high to wipe windows to ensure the safety of students. Prohibit students from bringing dangerous items to school. Knives, slingshots, spray guns, and other toys that may cause injury are not allowed to be brought to school. Organize students to participate in the "Student Personal Accident Insurance" and "Student Medical Insurance", so that the insurance company can bear a certain amount of compensation in the event of accidental injury. At the same time, do a good job of regular investigation and timely rectification of hidden safety hazards. Safety hazards should not only see the external, direct, but also be good at finding hidden, indirect. The school building is dangerous, inadequate fire-fighting equipment, the evacuation channel is not smooth, emergency lighting facilities are not complete, food hygiene is not up to standard, education and teaching facilities are not standardized, duty has loopholes, the portal is not strict, the activities of the organization of the laxity of the students to play the seriousness of the overnight cash exceeds the standard, the key parts of the negligence, violation of traffic rules, such as tangible intuitive safety hazards, should be timely inspection found that the timely rectification. The system is not sound, the system is not well implemented, safety awareness is weak, the division of labor is not clear, the safety of the accident, safety information is not smooth, rewards and punishments are not clear, inspection is not in place, the teacher is not dedicated enough to respond to emergency contingency plans, safety responsibility system is not implemented, and other abstract indirect impact on the safety of the problem, but also to frequently check the timely rectification. The school exists in all kinds of security risks to carry out a serious investigation, the establishment of accounts, tracking. Can immediately rectify, to resolutely and immediately rectify; momentary rectification of the difficulties, to clarify the supervision responsibility, strict defense.
3. Eliminate security risks.
Elimination of security risks, to ensure that the lives and property of teachers and students as the center to prevent major security accidents as the focus, resolutely overcome the mentality of fluke and paralysis, and effectively solve the problem of "standards are not high, the work is not real". Focus on work:
(1) Strengthen fire safety management, prevent fire accidents. Schools should be in accordance with the requirements of the Fire Services Law, fully equipped with firefighting equipment, regular inspection of facilities, timely replacement and repair of aging facilities. To strengthen the management of electricity in student dormitories, to put an end to indiscriminate wiring and illegal use of electricity. It is strictly prohibited for students to use electricity to boil water for cooking in the dormitory, and it is strictly prohibited for students to light candles for lighting. Dining halls, bathrooms, dormitory buildings, auditoriums, libraries, reading rooms, computer rooms, indoor gymnasiums, student activity centers, and other densely populated places for which the school has managerial responsibility should be inspected and remedied. To ensure that there is a sufficient number of evacuation routes, evacuation stairs, safety exits and to ensure that they are unobstructed, with special attention to the parking of student bicycles, not to block the normal channel.
(2) to strengthen food hygiene and epidemic prevention, to ensure the health of teachers and students. School canteen is an important aspect of school safety work, no matter what way, what way, the school canteen must grasp the following three aspects: First, the school food hygiene and safety management system. Schools should establish a system of responsibility and accountability for health and safety work, and implement a system for handling and reporting food poisoning or suspected food poisoning incidents. School canteens must have a food hygiene license, and canteen workers must hold health certificates and training certificates. Food hygiene and safety management files must be established and improved, and the Ministry of Education's regulations that "the process of socializing primary and secondary school canteens must be strictly controlled, and primary and secondary school canteens must not carry out socialization reforms until the conditions are fully mature" and that "the preparation of cold dishes in school canteens must be restricted" must be implemented. ". Second, school food hygiene and safety management links. Strictly put the start-up, employment, accounting, health and safety, procurement (purchase), processing, storage, disinfection, sampling, supervision and assessment. Third, to solve the problem of no valid documents to open a canteen or commissary, commissary over the scope of operation, canteen overload operation, hardware and facilities lagging behind the development of food hygiene and safety management and supervision is not in place, the canteen operation process and layout does not meet the health norms, the quality of the food is poor and high price, anti-theft and anti-personnel poisoning, environmental hygiene and personal hygiene, drinking water equipment and water quality and other aspects of the problem.
(3) Strengthen the management of dangerous goods in schools. The school dangerous goods, especially dangerous chemical test products to determine the management of a person, according to the regulations stored in the apparatus in line with safety requirements. The education and management of test personnel should be strengthened, and it is strictly forbidden to place hazardous materials in the open space at will. To establish and improve the responsibility handover system to ensure that the management of dangerous goods foolproof.
(4) to strengthen the management of the school janitor. School guards should establish a registration system for outsiders to enter and exit. Without permission, outsiders are not allowed to enter the campus, not to mention unauthorized access to restaurants, dormitories, classrooms, offices and other places to prevent theft, poisoning and other kinds of vandalism.
School safety work, must be all for the sake of students, for the sake of all students. School safety work responsibility is heavier than Mount Tai. As long as the school, society, family *** with the participation of young people's safety and protection, further improve the school safety work mechanism and innovative school safety measures, in order to avoid and reduce the occurrence of accidents in primary and secondary school campuses.
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