Briefly describe the steps of basic life support: determine whether the patient is in cardiac arrest; call for help; place the patient; maintain an open airway; artificial respiration; and establish artificial circulation.
I. Life support
Life support can be divided into three levels: basic life support (BLS), advanced life support (ALS), and prolonged life support (PLS). The primary treatment during BLS is Hands-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Hands-Only CPR), the Heimlich maneuver may be performed in the presence of airway obstruction, and elements of a broader trauma emergency are sometimes included in BLS.
Advanced life support (ALS) is the application of assistive devices and specialized techniques (e.g., cardiac monitoring, defibrillators, artificial respirators, and medications) to establish and maintain more effective ventilation and circulation while continuing BLS. This is usually done in the hospital by specialized healthcare professionals.
Extended life support refers to a series of measures taken after the patient has regained spontaneous circulation to address the original cause or complications of resuscitation, including correction of hypotension/shock, correction of imbalances in water, electrolyte, or acid-base balance, prevention and treatment of renal failure, and improvement of cardiorespiratory function and systemic perfusion, especially of the brain, and prevention and treatment of cerebral hypoxia and cerebral edema.
Basic life-saving techniques
Basic life-saving techniques include CPR and Hamrick's method for patients with medical emergencies; and at least the basic treatment of hemostasis, immobilization, bandaging, and transport for traumatized patients in order to get appropriate help. Therefore, the basic life-saving techniques include CPR, basic trauma techniques, and the Hamrick method.
Three, basic life support process
Pat the patient on both shoulders, call his name or title. If conscious, do not move the patient, quickly administer medication and call for emergency assistance; if unconscious, call for help immediately. When you are alone, call for help and dial the emergency number immediately; when there is a third party present, ask others to help call for help and dial the emergency number. When you call the emergency number, you should pay attention and give your home address correctly. Keep the airway open and clean up foreign objects.