Beihai City, Guangxi
geographical position
Beihai is located at the southern tip of Guangxi and the northeast bank of Beibu Gulf. It is located between108 50' 45 "~109 47' 28" east longitude and 2129' ~ 2155' 34 "north latitude, and it is far from Nanning 206 in the northwest. There are two islands, Weizhou Island (24.74 square kilometers) and Xieyang Island (1.8 square kilometers), which are surrounded by the sea on three sides. Weizhou Island is about 20.2 nautical miles from the urban area.
Beihai City faces Hainan Province across the sea, adjacent to Southeast Asian countries, and backed by Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces in the southwest. Located in the center of southwest China, Hainan and Southeast Asia, the geographical position is superior. The total area is 3337 square kilometers, and the urban area is 957 square kilometers.
The development of history
Beihai is named because the north of the city is close to the sea. It was first seen in the early years of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, and it began to be called the city from Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty. 1876 Sino-British Yantai Treaty establishes a trading port. 1949 was liberated on February 4th. At that time, it was a town under the jurisdiction of Hepu County. 10, 19565438 was changed to the municipality of Guangdong province. In May of the same year, it was entrusted to the leaders of Guangxi Province. 1952 was officially assigned to Guangxi in March, 1955. 1959 was changed to a county-level town, 1964 was restored to a county-level city, and1965 was transferred to Guangxi in June. 1982 was approved by the State Council and became an open city for tourism. 1983 10 was restored as a prefecture-level city. 1April, 1984, was identified by the State Council as one of the fourteen coastal cities for further opening to the outside world. 1. 0987 June Hepu County was placed under the jurisdiction of Beihai City.
administrative division
The city has jurisdiction over Haicheng District, Yinhai District, tieshangang district and Hepu County, 27 townships (3 townships and 24 towns), 5 sub-district offices, 87 neighborhood committees, 343 village committees and 6,630 villagers' groups. The total area is 3337 square kilometers.
Haicheng District has jurisdiction over Weizhou, Jinghai and Yima, and five sub-district offices in Dongjie, Zhongjie, Jessie, Cape and Dijiao. * * * There are 5 1 neighborhood committee, 20 village committees and 250 villagers' groups, with a total area of 140 square kilometers.
Yinhai District governs five towns: Gaode, Xitang, Xiantian, Qiaogang and Fucheng. There are 7 neighborhood committees, 39 village committees and 693 villagers' groups with a total area of 423 square kilometers.
Tieshangang district has jurisdiction over 3 neighborhood committees, 39 village committees and 878 villagers' groups in Nankang, Yingpan and Xinggang, with a total area of 394 square kilometers.
Hepu County governs 16 townships (3 townships, 13 townships), namely Zhang Qu Township, Crossroads Township, Xingdaohu Township, Lianzhou Town, Dangjiang Town, Shagang Town, Xichang Town, Wu Jia Town, Shiwan Town, Changle Town, Zhakou Town, Guangong Town, Baisha Town and Shankou Town.
Environmental resources
Land: The total cultivated land area is 78,643 hectares, and the per capita of farmers is 1. 1.6 mu, of which paddy field is 5 1.9 1 hectare, accounting for 66% of the cultivated land area and dry land is 26,732 hectares.
Topography: The terrain inclines from north to south, with hills in the northeast and northwest, and terraces and plains in the south coast. Urban coastal plain land accounts for more than 70% of the total area, and the soil quality is composed of sandy clay and gravel, with stable stratum structure and strong bearing capacity, generally18 ~ 25t /m2. Marine beaches account for about 20% of the total land area of the city, and the bearing capacity of this kind of land is low, between 12 ~ 16 tons/square meter. Average elevation10 ~15m. The highest peak is 554m (Wudianmei), and the highest point in the urban area is120m (Guantouling).
Climate: subtropical maritime monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 22.9℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 37.65438 0℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is 2℃. Average annual rainfall1670mm, average annual sunshine hours of 2009 hours, and average annual total solar radiation11kcal/cm2. The main meteorological disaster is typhoon, which occurs 6 times every 10, and the magnitude is above 10.
Oil and natural gas: Beibu Gulf is one of the six major oil and gas basins in China, with proven oil reserves of 22.56 million tons and natural gas reserves of 35 billion cubic meters.
Mineral resources: quartz sand mine, with proven reserves of 30 million tons, containing more than 98% silicon dioxide; Gypsum mine, with proven reserves of 276,543.8 million tons, containing 70.97% calcium sulfate (average); Clay, with proven reserves of 65.438+0.89 billion tons, grade: 24-32% of alumina and 52.5-64.8% of silica; Ilmenite, with proven reserves of 6.5438+260 million tons, contains 52-60% titanium dioxide.
Marine resources: The coastline starts from Yingluo Bay, Lianjiang County, Guangdong Province in the east and reaches Dafeng River Port in Qinzhou City in the west, with a total length of 500 kilometers (including coastline of 3 1.9 kilometers) and a tidal flat of 730,000 mu. The fishing ground in Beibu Gulf has a total area of 1 0.6 million square kilometers, more than 500 species of marine fish and shrimp1species, with a sustainable resource of 700,000 tons and an optimum catch of 330,000-350,000 tons/year. 726,770 mu of tidal flat (intertidal zone). Shallow sea (0 ~ 10 meter water depth) covers an area of 2,263,400 mu. Aquaculture area is 2 1 10,000 mu (including 87,300 mu of water surface). The average concentration of seawater is 3 Baume, and the bromine content is 55 ~ 60 ppm.
Freshwater resources: The total water resources is 34.97 billion cubic meters. The total storage capacity of the reservoir is 2 1.5 1 100 million cubic meters (the effective storage capacity is177 million cubic meters). There are 93 rivers, with a total length of 558 kilometers, a total basin area of 2,324 square kilometers, and the total annual runoff of rivers is 9187 million cubic meters (654,380+82 million cubic meters in the domestic part). The total amount of fresh water resources is 1 188 billion cubic meters, and the available amount is 395,438+0.7 billion cubic meters. Urban groundwater reserves are 2 billion cubic meters. The water production per square kilometer is 902,000 cubic meters, and the per capita water consumption is 3,300 cubic meters, which is 1.3 times of the national per capita water consumption.
Port resources: Beihai is the earliest foreign trade port in China and one of the starting points of the Maritime Silk Road. Historically, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei and other provinces are one of the main commodity distribution centers for overseas trade, and its geographical location is very important.
Beihai Port includes Beihai Old Port Area, Shibuling Port Area, tieshangang district and Dafeng River Port Area. Beihai Port is rich in port resources and can build a large number of different types of port berths. The recent constructions are mainly Shibuling Port Area and tieshangang district.
Beihai old port area: the coastline is long 1000 meters, and it is planned to be a small and medium-sized passenger and cargo terminal. At present, there are 7 berths with the maximum reliable berthing capacity of 1 1,000 tons, including a 1 1,000-ton ro-ro wharf.
Shibuling New Port Area: The coastline is 4,000m long, and there are 2 berths of 65,438 dwt, and 65,438+0 berths of 20,000 dwt and 35,000 dwt. Shibuling New Port Area plans to build three wharves and four harbor basins, and make full use of the port coastline to build 250,000-ton berths (including passenger berths 1). Specifically, there are 9 one-port pools, 7 two-port pools, 6 three-port pools and 3 four-port pools.
Tieshangang district: tieshangang district is building two 10,000-ton berths. The coastline of the port area is long and the conditions for port construction are good. Passing through the bay from the bay mouth along the car trough, the natural water depth over 5m is 217000m, of which 9000m is natural water depth10m. Long-term planning can build a large number of deep-water ports. The west channel of the port directly leads to the natural deep ditch outside the bay, and the natural water depth of this section is 6000m above10m, of which the water depth above15m is 2800m.
The deep trough from Zhuoluokou to Yin Di at the mouth of the West Coast Bay is 6000m long, which can be used to build professional wharves of 10 to 200,000 tons, such as large berths for coal, crude oil and steel. The length of industrial coastline is 18600 meters, and 60 to 85 deep-water berths can be built. From the bottom of the slope to about 7000 meters south of Shibubu, 25 to 35 large and medium-sized commercial berths can be built.
Four Fengjiang port areas: It is suitable to build a number of berths below 5,000 tons, and there is no plan in the near future.
Tourism resources: Beihai is located in subtropical zone, with warm and humid climate and fresh air. The content of negative ions in the air per cubic centimeter is as high as 2500 ~ 5000, which is 50- 100 times higher than that in inland cities. The seashore belt, represented by the famous Silver Beach, has beautiful scenery and all the elements "sea water, sunshine and beach" for developing coastal tourism. There are four major tourism resources: seashore, scenery, humanities and history.
Subtropical comprehensive resources: Beihai has fertile land, abundant sunshine and rainfall, which is suitable for the cultivation of subtropical agricultural and forestry cash crops, and is rich in grain, peanuts, jute, sugarcane, sericulture and so on. Rich in forest resources, the city's existing forest area of 78,700 hectares; There are many kinds of subtropical fruits, mainly citrus, longan, litchi, pineapple, mango and banana.
Tide: the type of tide is mixed, with an average tidal level of 2.5 1m, the highest tidal level of 6.06m and the lowest tidal level of-0.06m. The maximum flow rate is 0.23m/s at high tide and 0.45m/s at low tide.
Economic achievements
In 2005, Zhuhai actively implemented the central macro-control policies and measures, adhered to the strategy of "building the city by industry" and "prospering the city by tourism" around the "three-step" development goal, and carried out the "Urban Construction Investment Development Year" in depth, striving to overcome the unfavorable factors in economic operation. The national economy continued to develop steadily and rapidly, various social undertakings made all-round progress, and the living standards of urban and rural residents further improved.
The national economy is running rapidly on a higher platform. In 2005, the city overcame the unfavorable factors such as drought and shortage of coal, electricity and oil transportation, and the national economy showed a steady and rapid operation trend, and the stability and sustainability of operation were obviously enhanced. According to preliminary accounting, the city's annual GDP was18.345 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.2%. Among them, the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries was 4.637 billion yuan, 6.668 billion yuan and 7.040 billion yuan respectively, up by 5.6%, 23.6% and 65.438+02.2% respectively. The proportion of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is 25.3: 36.3: 38.4. Compared with the same period of last year, the proportion of the secondary industry increased by 2.9 percentage points, the proportion of the primary industry and the tertiary industry decreased by 2.2 and 0.7 percentage points respectively, and the tertiary industry structure was further adjusted to industrialization. Quarterly, GDP growth in the first quarter 13.0%, growth in the second quarter 12.5%, growth in the third quarter 13.4%, and growth in the fourth quarter 14.2% indicate that our city's economy has entered a period of rapid growth. The GDP growth rate is 1.5 percentage points higher than that of the whole region, and the per capita GDP is 3587 yuan higher than that of the whole region, reaching 12349 yuan. Judging from the contribution of the three industries to economic growth, the contribution rates of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries to economic growth were 10.9%, 55.9% and 33.2% respectively, which boosted economic growth by 1.6 percentage points, 7.9 percentage points and 4.7 percentage points. Among them, the contribution rate of industry to economic growth is 53%, which drives economic growth by 7.5 percentage points.
The increase in the overall market price level slowed down, and the overall consumer price level rose by 65,438 0.6% in the whole year, which was 0.8 percentage points lower than the regional average. Eight categories of consumer goods showed "four ups and four downs": food, tobacco, alcohol and supplies, clothing and residence increased by 4.2%, 1.2%, 0. 1% and 7.3% respectively, while household equipment and maintenance services, medical care and personal goods, transportation and communication, entertainment, education and cultural goods and services decreased by 0.65438+ respectively.
Fiscal revenue has increased substantially, and the total amount has further increased. The annual fiscal revenue was 654.38+92.7 million yuan, a net increase of 396 million yuan over last year and a year-on-year increase of 25.83%. The per capita fiscal revenue reached 1297 yuan. The local fiscal revenue was 654.38+0.86 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3,654.38+0.56%. Among them, tax revenue was 543 million yuan, up by 26.78%, and non-tax revenue was 543 million yuan, up by 36.7 1%. The fiscal expenditure was 654.38+77.7 million yuan, an increase of 33.24%.
New achievements have been made in employment and reemployment. In 2001, 65,438+600,000 people were employed in cities and towns, and 2,970 laid-off and unemployed people were re-employed. At the end of the year, there were 7 150 registered unemployed people in cities and towns, and the registered unemployment rate was 3.2%.
The main difficulties and problems in national economic and social development are: the comprehensive economic strength has not been significantly improved; The contradiction between fiscal revenue and expenditure is still outstanding, and the available financial resources are still insufficient; The development of counties and districts is unbalanced; The degree of agricultural industrialization is not high; The industrial innovation ability is insufficient, the supply and demand of production factors such as land and energy are tight, the pressure of social security is great, and the development of social undertakings needs to be strengthened.
agriculture
The agricultural production situation is better. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 85 1.5 billion yuan, up 6.88% year-on-year. Among them, the agricultural output value was 2.066 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.0%; Forestry completed 64 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of1051%; Animal husbandry completed 654.38+72.4 million yuan, an increase of 6.1%; Fishery was 46,465.438 billion yuan, up 6.9 1%.
Planting production has steadily increased. In 2005, our city overcame the effects of natural disasters such as drought and flood in winter and spring, made full use of natural resources, expanded the planting of winter crops mainly including potatoes, corn and sweet potatoes, improved the multiple cropping index of grain, and ensured the stability of total grain output. At the same time, actively protect basic farmland, improve farmland infrastructure, improve disaster resistance, intensify the transformation of low-and medium-yield fields, and improve the grain output capacity of farmland. In 2005, the sown area of grain crops in the city was 92,900 hectares and the output was 428,300 tons, increasing by 0.29% and 2 13% respectively. The sown area of oilseeds is 654.38+590,000 hectares, and the output is 39,800 tons, increasing by 2.55% and 4.08% respectively. The planting area of sugarcane is 24,700 hectares, and the output is1658,200 tons, up by 1.57% and 6.36% respectively. The vegetable planting area was 30,300 hectares, and the output was 523,600 tons, which decreased by 1.67% and increased by 2.47% respectively. The fruit output was 68,800 tons, up 8.33% year-on-year.
Animal husbandry production continued to develop. In 2005, avian influenza occurred frequently. Our city adopts perennial immunization for large-scale pig farms, poultry farms and specialized households, and takes effective measures such as spring surprise epidemic prevention for scattered farmers to ensure the sustained growth of animal husbandry. The city's total meat output125,700 tons, up 6.79% year-on-year; 772,700 live pigs, 25,700 beef cattle and 89,900 mutton sheep were slaughtered, up by 7.92%, 6.20% and 17. 10% respectively. There were 32,033,900 slaughtered poultry, and the egg output was 265,438 0.09 tons, increasing by 6.79% and decreasing by 65,438 0.03% respectively.
Aquaculture continued to grow steadily. In 2005, the mariculture industry in our city strictly abided by the national instructions, and the output of aquatic products continued to increase, with the total output of aquatic products reaching 94 1.8 million tons, up 2.0% year-on-year. Among them, the output of seafood was 885,400 tons, up 1.63% year-on-year, marine fishing decreased by 0.68% year-on-year, and mariculture increased by 5.43% year-on-year. The output of freshwater products was 56,400 tons, up 7.97% year-on-year. Freshwater fishing decreased by 16.57%, and freshwater aquaculture increased by 10.48%.
Rural infrastructure and production conditions continued to improve. At the end of 2005, the total power of agricultural machinery in the city was 878,300 kilowatts, an increase of 9.33% over the previous year, including 2,726 large and medium-sized tractors, an increase of 3.89%; 889 farm tools for large and medium tractors, up by11.4%; Small tractors 1.26 million, a decrease of1.91%; Small tractors 1.500 farm tools, down by 3.96%; Agricultural irrigation and drainage motors 1627, agricultural irrigation and drainage diesel engines 8576, an increase of1.54% over the previous year; 20,600 agricultural pumps, an increase of 38.92% over the previous year; Agricultural transport vehicles (including trucks) 1723 vehicles, the same as last year; There are 5 148 fishing boats, down by 5. 16% over the previous year. The annual rural electricity consumption was 1 10.38 million kwh, a decrease of 1.58% over the previous year. The amount of chemical fertilizer used (pure amount) was 58,600 tons, an increase of 2.36%. The effective irrigation area is 46,600 hectares, the drought and flood protection area is 365,438+10,000 hectares, and the electromechanical wells 1963, an increase of 6 1. 17%. Rural infrastructure has been further improved. By the end of 2005, there were 34 1 car villages in the city, accounting for 99.42% of the total number of villages. There are 342 villages with telephones, accounting for 99.7438+0%; There are 58 villages benefiting from tap water, accounting for 16438+0%.