Author | Rice
Editor | Che Mao Mao
What comes to mind when you think of Hunan?
Is it chopped pepper fish head, stinky tofu, crayfish, Wenheyou, tea YanYueShi and other Hunan food queue two hours to eat, or Zhangjiajie, Yueyanglou, phoenix ancient city, Orange Island and other tourist attractions, such as the sea of people?
Is it the hot variety shows such as Quickie, Tian Tian Xiang Shang Shang, Wave Sister, and Brother of the Thorns, or is it the culture of Hunan and the deeds of great men from the Paleolithic era onwards?
In the era of short videos, Hunan's food, beauty, culture and entertainment have dominated the screen, becoming a generation of Netflix province.
In 2020, during the 11th Golden Week, a netizen tweeted, "This long vacation, 1.4 billion Chinese people have 400 million people came to Changsha, right!"
Changsha, with the strength of interpretation of what is called "Netflix City".
However, net red Hunan also exists in the other side of the little-known - hardcore industrial province.
On the 2020 GDP ranking list of China's 31 provinces and cities, Hunan Province, as a large economic and population province in central and western China, was honored as the ninth in the country with a GDP of 4,178,149 million.
If you dig further, you can find that there is another major contributor behind Hunan's 4 trillion GDP - the "construction machinery industry".
In 2020, Hunan construction machinery scale enterprise main business income of about 252.4 billion yuan, accounting for 27% of the total national construction machinery industry, the total size of the country for 11 consecutive years in the first place.
After a variety of net red labeling, hardcore Hunan should also shine.
01 How strong is the Hunan construction machinery industry?
If you're counting the construction machinery giants in Hunan, then Zoomlion must take its place.
In 2020, Zoomlion's revenue reached 65.109 billion yuan, compared to the GDP data of the same year, 2.6 Zoomlion can support the GDP of a Tibet Autonomous Region.
However, the story of the start of the 60 billion dollar giant began with a loan of 500,000 yuan.
Zoomlion's predecessor was formerly known as the Changsha Machinery Construction Research Institute, and in 1992, after undergoing the 1985 national scientific and technological system reform, the Changsha Machinery Construction Research Institute's scientific research funding was cut to 1/3 of its original amount, and how to survive became an important issue.
"The state proposed to engage in the integration of science, industry and trade, we decided to set up a company," said then President Zhan Chunxin, "I and seven colleagues on the borrowed 500,000 yuan to start from scratch." This is how Zoomlion was born.
The former Changsha Construction Machinery Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction
200 square meters of small workshops, wrenches, screwdrivers ...... at that time, Zoomlion had nothing but talent.
And for the technology-intensive construction machinery industry, there is talent for everything. At that time, China's economy was booming, the country was full of construction sites under the opportunity, Zoomlion with a "concrete pump" to win the market.
From the 1994 turnover of 5 million to today's 65.1 billion, with the company listed, the plant from 200 square feet to the current fourteen domestic parks, more than 50 permanent institutions around the world ......29 years, Zhan Chunxin with Zoomlion Heavy Industry Co. to create a legend.
In 2021, Zoomlion was ranked fifth in the world and third in China on the list of the top 50 global construction machinery manufacturers.
Hunan's construction machinery manufacturers are more than just Zoomlion. The list, Sany Heavy Industry, Tiejian Heavy Industry, Sanhe Intelligence, the performance of the three Hunan construction machinery manufacturers is also very eye-catching, respectively, ranked in the list of the 3rd, 30th, 32nd, which Tiejian Heavy Industry is China's largest specialized equipment manufacturers, operating profits ranked first globally, and the number one in the world, the number one in the world.
The iron construction heavy work as China's largest specialized equipment manufacturers, operating profit ranks first in the world.
Throughout the list, global construction machinery manufacturers top 5, Hunan Changsha occupied two seats, the global top 50, Hunan Changsha enterprises sit in China's 4/11, and the sales of these four companies reached the list of Chinese enterprises 54.2%.
On this list, Hunan carries half of China's construction machinery manufacturing, and the strength of the "capital of China's construction machinery" is much more than that:
First of all, the scale.
Hunan construction machinery industry chain, not only Sany Heavy Industry and other four leading enterprises "top", there are more than 600 host manufacturing and supporting enterprises "covered", of which only Sany Heavy Industry in the ChangZhuTan The supply chain of Sany Heavy Industries in ChangZhuTan area has nearly 500 enterprises.
Distribution map of national industrial parks in Hunan Province
The construction machinery manufacturers all over the country have made Hunan not only a large-scale production in the field of construction machinery, but also a wide range of products:
On the one hand, the huge industrial clusters, a steady flow of various construction machinery to the country and the world. In 2020, Changsha will produce 106,000 excavators, 66,000 concrete machines, and 4,505 sets of industrial robots. In short, for every four excavators produced in China, there will be one from Changsha.
On the other hand, relying on the huge industrial clusters, Hunan construction machinery army formed 12 categories, more than 100 sub-categories, nearly 500 models of specifications of construction machinery products, covering 70% of the national construction machinery varieties.
Secondly, the benefits are good.
Enterprise search data, at present China **** there are 6,189,000 construction machinery-related enterprises, of which Shandong ranked first with 720,000 enterprises, Jiangsu, Guangdong, the second and third place. And Hunan has only 157,000 enterprises.
However, Hunan, which ranks 15th in the country in terms of the number of engineering enterprises, realized an industrial scale of 252.4 billion yuan in 2020, with a business income of 27% of the national total.
Simply put, Hunan construction machinery industry with 2.5% of the number of 33% of the volume of the industry, and the total size of the championship seat, Hunan sat 11 years.
Finally, the brand is beautiful:
Construction machinery as the core of large-scale equipment manufacturing industry, known as the "big country". Currently, the global construction machinery industry is mainly distributed in North America, Western Europe and East Asia, and Changsha, Hunan is one of the world's three major construction machinery industry cluster.
And Changsha, Hunan, this sign has long been to the international community:
In 2011, Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant explosion, nuclear leakage accident. The Japanese government requested Sany Heavy Industries to support a 62-meter concrete pump truck to inject water into Unit 1 to cool it down;
In April 2021, Doha, Qatar, the capital of Qatar, the 2022 Qatar World Cup main stadium - Lucerne Stadium roofing construction site, eight sets of ultra-high-tonnage tower cranes from Zoomlion in the 66-meter-high air, the weight of up to 1,000 tons. 66 meters in the air, the main cable network weighing 2,300 tons in the air and steel structure pin joints;
Moscow metro site, the large shield machine of the Tiejian Heavy Industry, such as "drilling dragons" like accelerated digging; Shanhe Intelligence, piling machinery and excavating machinery into more than 100 countries and regions around the world! ......
From left to right: ① China's Sany Heavy Industry to support Japan's 62-meter pump truck ② Lucerne stadium on the Zoomlion TC8039-25 tower crane ③ China Railway Construction of the Moscow Metro Project first tunnel through
If each Hunan-made construction machinery marked as a red dot, then the opening of the world's construction machinery.
If every Hunan-made construction machinery is labeled as a red dot, then more than 160 countries and regions will be lit up by tens of thousands of red dots when the world map is opened.
Zoomlion's global distribution map: overseas organizations are distributed in more than 80 countries, and products are exported to nearly 100 countries
So, how is the construction machinery industry formed with such a strong strength?
02 Close one door, open three windows
The development of the construction machinery industry, it can be said that the Hunan people believe in "my fate is not by God".
In fact, from the geographical factors, the possibility of the development of construction machinery industry in Hunan.
Open the map, you can see that the lake north of the Yangtze River, south of the South Ridge, the territory of the Wuling Mountains, Xuefeng Mountain Range, Luoxiao Mountains through the Dongting Lake as a convergence point of the Xiangjiang River, Zijiang River, Yuanjiang River, Li River all over the ...... a lake surrounded by three mountains and four waters, Hunan people do not say that the The development of industry, that is, out of Hunan, and even from the south to the north are difficult.
Historical records, the Ming and Qing dynasties, want to go to the provincial capital of Hunan province to participate in the township exams, especially in the south, today's Chenzhou, Yongzhou and other candidates, at least two or three months ahead of the departure, if you are lucky, you can refer to the lunar calendar in August on time. If you are not lucky, you can only feed the fish and shrimp on a small boat in Dongting Lake, wrapped in the rough waves.
Topographic map of Hunan Province
So how did Hunan people do it, from walking not out of the province to the construction machinery industry all over the world?
The heavens are fair, in Hunan closed a door at the same time, and opened three windows, which also happens to be the foundation of Hunan's industrial base:
First and foremost is the rich mineral resources.
It is important to know that the upper reaches of the construction machinery industry chain is mainly to provide raw materials and components for the materials industry, motor and parts manufacturing, such as steel for construction machinery, internal combustion engines, hydraulic systems, bearings and so on. And these raw materials in the total cost of construction machinery enterprises reached more than 90%, wind data show that Sany Heavy Industry, Zoomlion Heavy Industry raw material costs accounted for 90.78%, 95.28%.
Hunan happens to be one of the provinces with the richest mineral resources in China.
As of the end of 2020, in the proven reserves of minerals, Hunan's stone coal, bismuth, antimony, and other eight kinds of minerals retained resource reserves ranked first in the country, the province's mining rights 3,564 ...... rich in minerals and its derivatives of the resource business also for the Hunan The construction machinery industry development to help a force.
In the Sany Heavy Industry exposure of the company's top five suppliers list in 2016, Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Company for the fifth largest supplier, mainly for its provision of steel, plate and other raw materials.
Simply put, in Hunan, the supply of raw materials for the construction machinery industry is not a problem.
However, even though the mineral resources are rich, so-called "rice can cook", but, in the case of closed, no one knows, no one to cook in vain, then, people and factories from where to come?
To summarize, there are two big events.
One is that, during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Xiangjun won the war, fame, and a lot of property.
The Hunan army not only broke the geographical constraints and proved the strong presence of Hunan to the whole country, but also utilized the money gained from the victory to, on the one hand, build a large number of schools and education in Hunan to cultivate a large number of talents and strengthen the voice of Hunan in the political court, and on the other hand, built a large number of modern factories, which can be regarded as an industrial spark left for Hunan.
The second is, in the late Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong served as Governor of Hubei and Guangdong, the construction of the Yuehan Railway.
At that time, the Qing government wanted to build a railroad from Wuchang in Hubei to Guangzhou, however, there were two route options from Hubei to Guangzhou, through Hunan or Jiangxi.
The ancient truth that "to get rich, you must first build a road" was unknown, and Hunan won with the backbone of the Xiang army and the fight of intellectuals like Tan Sitong.
In 1936, the Guangdong-Han Railway, which had been under construction for nearly 40 years, was opened to traffic.
Changsha's position as an economic crossroads became more prominent, with wholesalers purchasing industrial and foreign goods from Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Han, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and other regions, arriving in Changsha via the railroad, while agricultural and sideline products from Changsha continued to be exported;
株洲, which had transformed itself from a small market town in 1898 into a renowned industrial and commercial city, with coal, porcelain, firecrackers, and other products, all of which were exported to China. Coal, porcelain, firecrackers, rice and other bulk commodities have gathered, becoming a veritable "city pulled by train";
Chenzhou, the further development of trade and commerce, becoming a nearby area of nearly 6 million people of salt and daily industrial products, transit station, private automobile transportation, railroad transportation agency, collection of earth products, trust industry and other ancient logistics industry is also a fast-growing industry. Trust industry and other ancient logistics industry is also developing rapidly;
......
The whole of Hunan, first-hand practice of the decisive role of transportation on urban development.
Until today, Hunan still believes in this truth. The steel giants of Hunan built these crisscrossing transportation arteries, injecting power into the city's economic development, and at the same time, constantly transporting themselves out.
Hunan Province, "14th Five-Year Plan" comprehensive transportation channel layout
Hunan army eat bitter, dominate the barbarians, willing to die as the representative of the spirit of Hunan, resources, transportation, and sing "construction machinery industry" this stage. The world's leading engineering machinery industry" this theater, but also need to have the timing, location, and people and three king of the bomb with.
03 industry, market, talent comprehensive momentum
Hunan construction machinery industry development, from a certain point of view, accounted for all the time and place and people.
First look at the location - attracted a large number of factories, activating the potential for future development.
The so-called blessing in disguise, the former Hunan people can not go out of the landscape predicament has become an important factor for many factories to move in.
During the war, the mountainous Hunan province became a natural hiding place, and factories and arsenals with a high demand for minerals were built in Hunan.
Incomplete statistics, during the Republic of China, Hunan *** there are three provincial factories and more than 50 private machine factories, and after the early anti-Japanese war, in 1943, the province *** there are 714 large and small machine factories, nearly 30,000 employees.
If a number of modern industries built during the period of victory of the Hunan army left a spark, then, the wartime stationed in the large and small machine factories ignited the star of Hunan's industrial fire, today's Hunan construction machinery industry has long been a prairie fire.
Behind this, another "geographical" advantage can not be ignored, that is, the potential of the development of the ChangZhuTan triangle.
Although not as famous as the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, but the Yangtze River Delta has become a fairly mature industrial cluster.
Turning to the 2020 Changzhutan Triangle's answer sheet, the three cities have a combined GDP of 17591.42 billion yuan, accounting for about 42.1% of Hunan Province's GDP, slightly higher than Wuhan's 2020 scale of 15616.1 billion yuan.
Why compare with Wuhan?
Historically, Hunan, which is also a province of Huguang, has always been pushed by Hubei, which is more advanced in terms of geography, transportation, and industrial development, for example, Hunan candidates need to trek to Wuchang to take the exams, and for example, a large number of factories built for the construction of the Guangdong-Han Railway were located in Wuchang....... Obviously, it is the same province, and Hunan is like a The first time I saw the movie, it was a very good one, but it was a very good one.
And now, Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, the three single carry out has been very able to beat the city, in the geographical location and transportation under the favorable conditions, the development of urban agglomerations are ready to go. It can be said that a hundred years after the three swords together, ChangZhuTan and Wuhan compared to the already stable head.
The economic integration of ChangZhuTan, the core area of the spatial structure planning map
To ChangZhuTan three cities are located in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River, two and two distance is only 30 ~ 40 kilometers, the internal link outside the smooth transportation network, from Changsha by high-speed rail to Zhuzhou 15 minutes, to Xiangtan 11 minutes.
What's more, under the development of ChangZhuTan Intercity Railway's "bus-oriented" operation, Xiangtan citizens are expected to take Changsha Metro at the end of next year at their "doorstep".
The development of the group, Hunan construction machinery industry is still worried about not higher?
Looking at the time again - casting the roots of the construction machinery industry, access to the broad development of the market.
Not afraid of rivals is the school bully, afraid of the school bully open hang-ups, Zhuzhou City is such a terrible industrial school bully.
At the beginning of the founding of the country, under the influence of the international environment at that time, the country will be many industries to the southwest migration, in the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries of the capital, technology and equipment assistance, Zhuzhou became China's founding of the first batch of focus on the construction of one of the eight industrial cities.
In addition to this, other cities in Hunan also took on different machinery industries respectively, such as Shanghai Engineering Machinery Factory (later Puyuan Machinery Factory) moved to Changde in 1963.
The transfer of many advantageous industries has given Hunan a good gene for the development of the construction machinery industry, which has won the starting line.
However, the strong also need to use the power of martial arts, to put it bluntly, is the market. And Hunan happened to catch up.
Since the reform and opening up, China's rapid urbanization, railroads, highways, housing construction to speed up the construction machinery industry in Hunan has brought a broad market.
Take transportation as an example, in 1978, China's highway and railroad operating mileage of 890,000, 52,000 kilometers, respectively, at the end of 2020, these two figures grew to 5,198,000, 146,000 kilometers. Under the well-connected transportation network, it can be said that Hunan, which accounts for 70% of the country's construction machinery market, has repaired half of China.
If someone is not barred, China's housing, roads are repaired a lot - the resident population urban rate of 63.89%, more than a million people in cities with high-speed rail coverage of 95%, more than 200,000 people in cities with highway coverage of 98% ... ...
Then also rest assured that the international demand for new construction equipment with high technical content is still increasing, and the excavators in Hunan are not at all worried about selling!
Lastly, look at the people and - people strong, people, people also "ruthless", injecting industrial vitality.
Construction machinery industry in the final analysis is also a technology-intensive industry, then people, as well as people have the technology is very important. Hunan's construction machinery people and strong and more also "ruthless"!
People strong, from the "national team" to start.
Speaking of the development of Hunan's construction machinery industry, can not be avoided is to move to Changsha in 1978, the first national machinery industry construction machinery research institute (later renamed Changsha Construction Machinery Research Institute).
The national team brought to Hunan a large number of experts and researchers in the construction machinery industry, as well as a lot of technical and scientific support.
In 1978, the national scientific and technological system reform, the Institute of scientific research funding cut by 2/3, in order to survive the Institute was forced to transfer the drawings patent. This sale may be the Institute of the scourge, but in turn, so that nearly 170 companies riding on the Institute's technology to rise rapidly, became the backbone of Hunan construction machinery industry.
The Institute's predecessors cultivated a strong foundation of Hunan construction machinery industry, and to make this tree grows better and better, the subsequent supply of talent is indispensable.
Hunan has both high-end talent, and a constant stream of new forces to join.
First of all, Hunan universities and strong, according to the Ministry of Education in 2019 data, Hunan Province **** there are 125 universities, ranking seventh in the country, at the same time, the territory has Zhongnan University, National Defense University of Science and Technology, Hunan University, 3 985, 985 universities and colleges, the number of colleges and universities is second only to Beijing and Shanghai, at the same time, including the Lake Shifu University, including the 4 211;
First of all, Hunan has the most advanced talents.
Secondly, Hunan has many national research institutes such as Xiangxiang Aluminum Factory Research Institute, Xiangdong Chemical Machinery Factory Research Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and the Sixth Research Institute of Nuclear Industry.
On the way to become the king, Hunan construction machinery people also have "not to lose, dare to fight" spirit of struggle, this fight to the "ruthless" point.
He Qinghua, founder of Shanhe Intelligence, and his staff visited the BMW exhibition of construction machinery in Munich, Germany, to see the entire Chinese army booth momentum is not as good as a South Korean company, y stimulated.
Subsequently, riveted to do, and now become the world's 32nd-ranked manufacturer, products exported to more than 100 countries and regions around the world.
Sany Heavy Industries in the face of excavator key components "hydraulic parts" neck problem, rejected the unequal agreement of foreign enterprises. In Hangzhou, the secret establishment of Lilong hydraulic company, employees do not wear Sany uniforms, plant does not play the Sany logo ...... lying in wait, ten years of grinding a sword, in 2018, Sany 30% of the excavator equipped with independent hydraulic parts.
From the industrial roots to market opportunities, to the strength of talent, Hunan does not become the king of the construction machinery industry is difficult.
04 City powerful in the industry
In recent years, the net red city endless.
Undeniably, the establishment of the net red city for the development of the city has brought a huge flow and potential, but, "food, clothing, housing, transportation and music" in addition to the development of a city's hard power color should also be seen.
Industry is the "ballast" of economic development and the "hard core" of urban strength.
We see Chengdu's electronic information industry, breakthroughs in science and technology neck problems, showing hard core technological innovation fission of China's speed;
Xi'an's aerospace, flying into the common people's homes, but also realized the dream of building a strong national ambitions of the Tiangong;
The network era is never afraid of the lack of a moment of netroots, but the regional economy of the hard core of the industrial strength of the rise and prosperity of a great nation. The rise and prosperity of a large country can rely on the core.
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