1, too many operating systems installed on the same hard disk will cause the system to crash.
2, CPU, graphics cards and other accessories do not overclock too high, pay attention to the temperature, otherwise, in the start or run will somehow restart or crash.
3, when replacing computer accessories, be sure to plug in, because poor contact with the accessories will cause the system to crash.
4, BIOS settings should be appropriate, although it is recommended that the BIOS set to the optimal, but the so-called optimal is not the best, and sometimes the optimal settings will cause the startup or operation of the dead.
5. It's best to have a regulated power supply to avoid unstable voltage.
6, if you have the conditions, add a UPS, so that the computer will not cause a computer crash after a power failure.
7, the origin of the floppy disk and CD-ROM, do not easily use, the software attached to E-mail, to use KV300, Rising Star and other anti-virus software to check before use, so as not to infect the poison, is the system crash.
8, in the application software is not the end of the normal, do not turn off the power, otherwise it will cause damage to the system files or lost, causing automatic startup or running crash. This is very important for systems such as Windows 98/2000/NT.
9, in the installation of applications, if there is a prompt dialog box "whether to overwrite the file", it is best to choose not to overwrite. Because usually the current system file is the best, can not be based on the time to decide to cover the file (unless you are very concerned about the time of the file).
10, when uninstalling software, do not delete *** enjoy files, because some *** enjoy files may be used by the system or other programs, once you delete these files, it will make the application software can not be started and crash, or the system running dead.
11. When setting up a hardware device, it is best to check if there is a reserved interrupt number (IRQ), and not to allow other devices to use that interrupt number, or else cause an IRQ conflict, which can cause the system to crash.
12, in loading some software, pay attention to the order of priority, due to some software programming is not standardized, in the run can not be in the first, but to be placed in the last run, so as not to cause confusion in the management of the system.
13, in the running of large-scale applications (such as OFFICE 2000), do not exit in the running state of the previously running programs, otherwise it will cause the collapse of the entire Windows98 system.
14, in the case of smaller memory (such as 4MB-16MB), it is best not to run applications that take up a large amount of memory, otherwise it is easy to crash when running. It is recommended that files currently in use should be saved in a timely manner when running these programs.
15. For system files or important files, it is best to use the implicit attribute, so as to avoid deleting or overwriting these files by mistake.
16. When modifying the hard disk master boot record, it is better to save the original record first, so as to prevent the original hard disk master boot record from being recovered due to modification failure.
17. It is better to use the beta version of the software sparingly, because the beta version is not stable enough in some aspects, and it will make the system unable to start after using it.
18. Try not to run 16-bit applications in Windows 95/98, because 16-bit applications will conflict with 32-bit applications in Windows, which can cause crashes or failure to boot.
19. Before upgrading the BIOS, you should determine the version of the BIOS to be upgraded, and save the original version to avoid upgrading errors that may prevent the system from booting.
20, try not to use pirated software, because these software hides a lot of viruses, once executed, will automatically modify your system, so that the system in the operation of the crash.
21, in the chassis, may contain a large amount of dust, dust if contact with the circuitry of the accessories, will make the system unstable or dead.
22. Don't run large applications after performing disk defragmentation, as this may cause the system to crash.
23, with antivirus software to check the hard disk during, do not run other applications to prevent the system crash.
24. When surfing the web, don't open too many browsing windows at once, resulting in insufficient resources and causing a crash.
25, when shutting down the computer, do not directly use the power button in the chassis, because the direct use of the power button will cause the loss of files, so that the next time you can not start up properly, thus causing the system to crash.
On the often dead friends, please try the above methods, I believe that will help you have a certain degree of help, and sometimes to take different countermeasures for specific situations, not to be rigid
Solution of the failure of the dead several ways
Whether it is compatible with the machine or ware machine, in the use of the process of inexplicable phenomenon of the dead machine. Crash is a more common failure phenomenon, but also a difficult problem that is not easy to solve. Especially when the computer is dead, at this time we can not use software or tools to detect the machine, maintenance is often a headache.
I. Dead general performance:
1) no host after power no response, the power indicator does not light up, the fan does not turn;
2) the system can not start normally, in the start-up process, a sudden picture stagnation;
3) in the start-up process of the monitor or in the use of the process of the monitor black screen;
4) the image of the "solidified", do not update, but the keyboard lights can open and close.
5) Keyboard locks up and does not respond;
6) Mouse moves normally but the host does not respond;
7) Software operation is interrupted abnormally;
8) Frequent blue screen.
9)Frequent reports of memory errors or overflow.
How can we quickly troubleshoot the problem and get the machine back to normal operation?
II. Failure performance
Specifically, the phenomenon of dead machines can be divided into hardware and software.
1. Hardware
Hardware caused by the crash often have: utility voltage instability, host power supply output voltage is too low or too high, the temperature inside the chassis is too high, the memory temperature is too hot, the CPU temperature is too high, overclocking, interference, peripheral itself has a fault, the board has poor contact, the host and peripheral connected to the poor contact of the data line.
(1) utility voltage instability
Computer voltage operating range is generally between 180V-240V, when the voltage is lower than 180V, the switching power supply output voltage is too low or protection, then the host is easy to reboot or automatic shutdown; when the voltage is higher than 240V, the utility input voltage exceeds the permissible range of power supply of the host, but due to the circuitry components of the discrete, at this time the power supply may not have protection, then the secondary power supply output may be high, the same will also cause the phenomenon of dead.
(2) host power supply incomplete damage
When the host power supply internal circuitry is damaged, the voltage output may be biased or current output is insufficient, resulting in insufficient payload rate, which will also produce the phenomenon of crash. Currently, most of the switching power supplies used in computer hosts use TL494 or similar PWM control chip, and the comparator generally uses LM339 or LM393 to control to determine whether the host sends a switching signal. The chip has a fault, there will be a short circuit with a wire we use the green line and the black line (some books require the use of 100O resistors, in fact, there is no need, the power supply has been connected to the internal circuit of the 2K or so of the resistor, even if it is shorted, the current is only a few milliamps), the power supply fan work, with a multimeter to measure the output voltage of each circuit is also basically normal. But after accessing the circuit, the power supply can not work properly. This is mainly because the chip is damaged, the voltage sampling error, can not be timeless with heavy loads due to, as long as the replacement of the same type of chip can be.
I have encountered a miscellaneous switching power supply, the use of a year and a half or so, the host often crash or can not start, and finally check the switching power supply, found that the output of ＋5V up to 5.86V, and ＋12V is only 9.9V, such as this power supply does not crash is strange, fortunately, did not burn the motherboard.
(3) Poor cooling in the chassis
Too much dust in the chassis can also cause the system to crash. Dust is the computer's worst enemy, too much dust attached to the CPU, chips, fans on the surface will lead to poor heat dissipation or poor contact of these components; at the same time, the dust on the printed circuit board in the humid environment often lead to a short circuit. Both situations will lead to the phenomenon of crash. This situation is common in some of the old computer placed in a year or two years and then open what response is no longer available or after the boot "ticking" screaming, there is a machine to the summer after the phenomenon of frequent crashes.
Because the PIV computer's CPU temperature sensor is integrated into the CPU, its temperature measurement is accurate, so a boot CPU temperature is generally about 50, much higher than the SOCKET 370 CPU detection temperature (about 30). However, because of the PIVCPU's high heat generation, when choosing a CPU fan, be sure to select the appropriate CPU fan according to the CPU's type, don't let there be a small horse-drawn cart situation, or crash constantly.
Solution: we can use a brush to sweep away the dust, and then use a hairdryer (cold wind gear) to clean the board's gray tip.
Note: Do not leave the hair and cotton of the brush and cotton swabs on the board and components to become a new source of crash failure. If we can clean the dust inside the mainframe and monitor once a year, our favorite machine will not strike for no reason.
(4) Overclocking
Many DIY friends like to improve the performance of their computers by overclocking, so they can do more with less. However, there is also a big hidden danger: it may cause the computer to crash, or it may cause the CPU, memory, and hard disk to be completely scrapped.
I have had an overclocking experience, the 66 frequency of the motherboard hard super on the 83 frequency, the beginning of the use of the effect is good, when I I am for their own little test of the bull's-eye and complacent, two days later, suddenly in the run, the system prompted to find the hard disk. At first I did not care, and then more and more often, and finally in the CMOS can not find the hard disk. Especially now the P4CPU its integration is getting higher and higher, some have been used 0.09 micron line, when we overclocking use, it is easy to cause the CPU internal electronic overload attenuation, and finally connect the line completely broken, resulting in the end of the CPU.
(5) motherboard jumper error
Some motherboards use the external frequency and multiplier routes or pull code switches, CPU or memory supply voltage selection using jumper settings, then we have to set the corresponding CPU according to the instructions of the main frequency multiplier parameter and the corresponding use of voltage. If the settings are not correct, it may cause overclocking of the CPU, and when the setting parameters are too high, it may be a black screen or a system into the crash. Sometimes we do not jump the jumper back to its original position after discharging the CMOS, which will be black screen and not start when powering up. Some motherboards support both SD and DDR memory, note that there is a jumper on the motherboard to select +2.5V and +3.3V voltage settings. In particular, the CPU core voltage setting a can not be wrong, otherwise it is very easy to cause the CPU scrap.
(6) peripheral internal circuit damage
When peripherals such as monitors, printers, M and other internal circuit damage, and then connected to the host, it will short-circuit its corresponding ports, then the host power self-test can not be passed or caused by power protection. Some lettering machine, the programmer in the first after the host power, then the host can not start after power.
(7) and peripherals connected to the data line poor contact.
Peripherals and the host of the data line connection is loose, may also cause data in the transmission process interruptions or errors, the same will cause the machine to die irregularly.
(8) Hardware of poor quality or fake, water goods.
Hardware quality is not good, in a long time of work or working environment temperature is too high or too low, will also appear dead. Especially some REMARK computer products, installed in their own computers on the problem, the best to check to find out where the problem is, then it is best to consider whether to buy JS goods.
A while ago, there are a lot of cool fish 40G hard disk, buy home less than a week, there are bad. Then after FORMAT it was normal, but after a while the failure reappeared, and then it was more and more serious, and sometimes inexplicably lose data.
(9) accidental damage
We did not discharge the body of the static electricity or lightning current through the unprotected power supply and MODEM phone line into the host, damage to the power supply, the motherboard, MODEM and various internal and external equipment. Accidental damage sometimes after the surface of the components do not have obvious signs of burning, cracking, which can only be exchanged by the method, pulling and inserting the method of testing the host of various components to determine the good and bad.
(10) interference
Now there are many home appliances, especially inverter air conditioners, washing machines, induction cookers, etc., these appliances will work in the air will radiate a large number of electromagnetic waves, if the computer is in the vicinity of the computer, then there may be an inexplicable phenomenon of death or blue screen. It's a good idea to change the computer to a different location.
(11) Memory damage or incompatibility
When there is a bad block inside the memory or when the compatibility with the motherboard is not good, it will also often appear: registry errors, memory errors, blue screen, insufficient system resources, and then crash.
Nowadays, the functions of the host computer are more and more convenient, such as keyboard boot, password boot, STR and so on. Unbeknownst to me, the more functions there are, the greater the possibility of their failure. Especially the STR function, when the machine's function is turned on, we choose to sleep, then the system will save the current settings in the memory, and then the other parts of the circuit is closed, only the secondary power supply work and memory-related circuit work. During sleep, the memory is constantly refreshed and its contents are not lost. However, if it is in summer, because the power of each memory is about 20W, when it sleeps for a long time, it will cause too much heat to accumulate and not dissipate, and finally burn the host power supply or memory.
2. Software
There are many failures of software that cause crashes, such as viruses, driver installation errors, driver conflicts with the system or other software, CMOS setup errors, incorrect CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT configurations, WIN.INI or SYSTEM.INI file loaded files are lost or destroyed. Too many programs loaded, too few remaining system resources, etc.
(1) Virus
Generally manifested as the machine was initially able to run normally, one day suddenly run slower, frequent crash phenomenon. At this point we must first use the latest antivirus software to kill, to determine whether the machine has been infected with a virus. Nowadays, computer viruses come and go, and most of them tend to spread through the network, so we must install network antivirus software when surfing the Internet, and close some of the open ports that are not commonly used.
(2) Driver installation error
Hardware driver installation error or hardware own driver has a BUG, can also cause the phenomenon of computer crash, then you need to check the installed hardware driver and hardware model or core chip model match. If you can, go online and download the latest driver for that hardware.
(3) CMOS setting error
CMOS content such as CPU frequency, frequency, memory refresh time, L1, L2 whether to open, ECC parity or even parity, 15-16M, etc., the above content is set incorrectly, it will be obvious to feel that the host computer's computing speed slows down, and finally died.
When the CMOS settings in the "Anti Virus" or "Virus Warnning" virus protection open, we in the process of installing WIN9X software will produce the phenomenon of death, because this time the The system prevents programs from writing to the master boot area and the BOOT area of the C drive.
The frequent modification of CMOS parameters, or the destruction of CMOS parameters by viruses, often results in CMOS parameters being confused and difficult to recover. This means that you will be able to experience the same level of performance as the previous generation of PCs, but you will also be able to experience a much higher level of power savings than the previous generation of PCs. After resetting the CMOS parameters, you must also kill the hard disk.
The CMOS can take its default settings, such as "LOAD SETUP DEFAULT" and "LOAD BIOS DEFAULT";
(4) CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT file is not configured correctly
If you are crashed during the installation of the software or after installing a software after the reboot, it is usually the case that the computer is crashed during the reboot. Try modifying the relevant driver settings in CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT.
The CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT can also be used to skip the system configuration file by pressing F5 at startup, or by pressing F8 to select the step-by-step execution of the options in the CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT in order to check whether it's a problem with a particular driver or loaded file, especially in the configuration of the EMM386 with respect to the EMS and XMS.
Some hardware drivers and memory-resident programs can be avoided by not loading them.
For the WIN9X operating system, the above two files are no longer required to boot the system, but are intended to preserve support for the original DOS program.
(5) The WIN.INI and SYSTEM.INI files are missing or corrupted.
If the WIN.INI and SYSTEM.INI files are corrupted or missing, there will be a prolonged blinking of the cursor and no response from the keyboard or mouse during the boot process. However, most of them are prompted by a file cannot be found. You can either retrieve the file by following the prompts or delete the corresponding options in the WIN and SYSTEM files.
If the system fails to boot after a sudden startup, we can use the SCANREG/RESTORE command to restore the registry for a particular day.
(6) Conflicting or incompatible software
As the operating system becomes more and more user-friendly and its programs and instructions become more and more voluminous, it is inevitable that there will be conflicts and incompatibilities in the operation of different software. Sometimes the initial version of anti-virus software may have small bugs in its design, so when users install it, the host computer can not be shut down, the system starts slowly, blue screen of death and other problems. At this time we just need to close or uninstall the software. The standard of judgment is that if the system works normally when installing a certain software, and when the system is not normal after installing a certain software, then the problem is definitely caused by the software.
(7) Loaded programs are too large and too many or too few system resources
If the host configuration is too low or the start of the application software is too large, it will also produce the phenomenon of the crash. This can be in my computer properties, select the "user-specified virtual memory settings", the system virtual memory increased to twice the physical memory or more. The main method to solve the problem is to choose the appropriate application software according to the configuration of the machine.
(8) Network problems
Sometimes the network is not working properly. Now popular network games such as Lianzhong, Legend, if the network is not normal, in the process of communication with the server will also produce the phenomenon of death. Some of the performance of the Internet in the process of dead, some performance for the drop dead after the line.
Three. Solution
The basic principles of computer troubleshooting: first soft and then hard, first outside and then inside, first master and then slave, the smallest system, one by one replacement.
Four. Examples
(1) a Lenovo PII400 host, after the installation of Rising Star antivirus software, the start-up speed becomes slower. Open an application, such as WPS2000, it took 30 minutes. Careful testing, not only to open the application software time is long, in the use of printers to print documents, print a piece of A4 paper, but also to spend close to 10 minutes of time. Analyze the situation before and after the failure, and finally uninstalled the Rising Star antivirus software, the system back to normal.
This year's new ＊＊＊＊2003 antivirus software also still exists in the case of instability and incompatibility, after the installation of the blue screen or crash often occurs.
When we install antivirus software, it is best to finish installing the application software, and then install the antivirus software at the end to minimize incompatibility or conflict.
(2) A PIII800 mainframe, with a small compact chassis, in July and August each year, there are often sudden shutdowns, and then boot invalid. Must be unplugged from the power supply after a few seconds outside the plug and then boot to start. This failure is mainly due to the chassis is small, narrow internal space, coupled with the use of more than a year later, too much dust, air flow is not smooth, resulting in the motherboard, CPU, power supply heat generated by the heat can not be dispersed, and ultimately lead to power protection or crash. Finally, open the chassis, for the CPU and power supply dust troubleshooting.
(3) a CII566 host, just installed in the computer company's machine, a customer's office into the blue screen of death in less than half an hour. This problem from the company to the customer's office back and forth a number of times, are normal in the company, a customer's office to die. Finally, I found that the computer is above a working air conditioner. Finally, the computer moved away from the air conditioning a certain distance, the fault is eliminated.
(4) a PIV2.0 machine, the customer just bought home not two days, in the use of sleep three hours later, no matter how to press the keyboard, the mouse can not wake up. This problem is mainly the user inadvertently CMOS settings in the STR function open (set to S3), and then use the sleep, resulting in power supply overheating burned. Finally replace the power supply failure to solve.
(5) A P166G brain, after the installation of RealPLay, the system prompted a reboot, when the blue sky appeared after no response. This problem may be the 166MMX machine installed software and RealPLay software conflict or is missing RealPLay software needs the file, resulting in the startup of the dead phenomenon. Finally, after entering safe mode and uninstalling RealPLay, it will boot normally.