International RFID commonly used protocol standards
The communication standards of radio frequency tags are the basis for tag chip design. The current international communication standards related to RFID mainly include: ISO/IEC 18000 standard ( Including 7 parts, involving 125KHz, 13.56MHz, 433MHz, 860-960MHz, 2.45GHz and other frequency bands), ISO11785 (low frequency), ISO/IEC 14443 standard (13.56MHz), ISO/IEC 15693 standard (13.56MHz), EPC standard (Including three protocols, Class0, Class1 and GEN2, involving both HF and UHF frequency bands), DSRC standard (European ETC standard, including 5.8GHz).
a) ISO/IEC 14443 close-coupled IC card, the maximum reading distance is 10cm.
The reading distance of the reader and writer of the ISO/IEC14443 protocol is relatively close, basically close distance. Among them,
ISO/IEC 14443A is mainly used in the fields of production automation, access control and attendance, security, all-in-one card and product anti-counterfeiting;
ISO/IEC 14443B is mainly used in my country’s second-generation identity Certificate;
b) ISO/IEC 15693 sparsely coupled IC card, the maximum reading distance is 1m.
ISO/IEC 15693 protocol reader and writer The reading distance is long and can communicate over long distances.
It has a wide range of applications, including production automation, medical management, jewelry inventory, asset management, parking lot management and product anti-counterfeiting,
access control and attendance, meeting sign-in, barrier-free passage, Asset management, logistics and supply chain, library management, medical management and access control tickets and other fields.
Now let’s make a brief introduction to some commonly used standards according to frequency (and also introduce the protocol standards of contact IC cards):
1. ISO 7816: Contact IC cards some specifications.
2. 125KHz~135KHz: ISO18000-2, which has some specifications for low-frequency identification RFID.
Example:
EM4100: read-only low-frequency chip.
EM4469/4569: 11 blocks, 44 bytes, 512bit storage space.
ATA5567: 7 blocks, 28 bytes, 330bit storage space. ATA5567 is an upgraded product of e5550, e5551, e5554, and T5557. e5550, e5551, e5554, and T5557 are chips produced by the German TEMIC company. In 1998, the American Atmel company (ATMTL) acquired the German TEMIC company. ATA5567 is a new chip produced by ATMEL.
3. 134.2KHz: ISO 11784 and ISO 11785, which have some specifications for animal identification RFID.
Examples:
EM4005, EM4105: The appearance of low-frequency tags used in animal identification include collar type, ear tag type, injection type, pill type, etc. Typical application animals include cattle, homing pigeons, etc.
HITAGTM 2: Often called HITAG 2 in China, it is produced by NXP in the Netherlands.
HITAGTM S 256: often called HITAG S 256 in China.
HITAGTM S 2048: It is often called HITAG S 2048 in China.
[Note 1: The predecessor of Dutch NXP Semiconductor Company was Philips Semiconductor Company.
]
[Note 2: HITAGTM 1, often called HITAG 1 in China, complies with the HITAG 1 protocol, but does not comply with the ISO 11784/11785 protocol. ]
4. 13.56 MHz: ISO 14443 Type Aamp; B. ISO 15693, ISO 18000-3 Mode 1amp; 2. ISO 18092 NFC, EPC HF CLASS 1, EPC HF Version 2
①A simple comparison of ISO 14443 typeA and typeB protocol standards.
The international standard ISO14443 defines two signal interfaces: typeA and typeB. ISO14443A and B are incompatible.
A. ISO 14443 Type A (also known as ISO 14443A) is generally used for access control cards, bus cards and small stored-value consumption cards, etc., and has a high market share.
Example:
MIFARE ULTralight(MF0 ICU1X): often called U10 in China. Typical application: Guangzhou-Shenzhen high-speed train tickets.
MIFARE Std 1k (MF1 IC S50): often called MF1 S50 in China.
SLE66R35 Mifare NRG: produced by Infineon of Germany, compatible with MIFARE Std 1k (MF1 IC S50).
[Note 1: Infineon Technologies, headquartered in Munich, Germany, is Germany's largest semiconductor product manufacturer. Its predecessor was the semiconductor department of Siemens Group. It became independent in 1999 and went public in 2000. Its Chinese name is Yiheng Technology, and it was renamed Infineon Technology after 2002. ]
MIFARE Std 4k (MF1 IC S70): often called MF1 S70 in China.
Mifare DESFire 4k (MF3 IC D41): often called MF3 in China. Typical application: Nanjing Metro.
SHC1102: produced by Shanghai Huahong. Typical application: Shanghai Card.
B. ISO14443B has a relatively high encryption coefficient and is more suitable for CPU cards. It is generally used for ID cards, passports, UnionPay cards, etc. The current second-generation electronic ID card adopts ISO 14443 TYPE B. protocol.
Example:
SR176: produced by STMicroelectronics (ST) in Switzerland.
SRIX4K: Produced by STMicroelectronics (ST) in Switzerland.
THR1064: Produced by Beijing Tongfang. Typical application: Olympic tickets.
AT88RF020: Produced by ATMEL in the United States. Typical application: Guangzhou Metro Card.
Second-generation resident ID cards: produced by Shanghai Huahong, Beijing Tongfang THR9904, Tianjin Datang and Beijing Huada.
②ISO 15693 protocol
The reading and writing distance of ISO 14443A/B is usually within 10cm, and it is widely used. However, the reading and writing distance of ISO15693 can reach 1m, the application is more flexible, and it is compatible with ISO 18000-3 (many of my country's national standards are mostly compatible with ISO 18000).
Example:
ICODE SLI (SL2 ICS20): often called ICODE 2 in China.
[Remarks: ICODE 1 (SL2 ICS30), often called ICODE 1 in China, complies with the ICDOE1 protocol, but does not comply with the ISO 15693 protocol. ]
Tag-it HF-1 Plus: often called TI 2048 in China, produced by Texas Instruments Company (referred to as TI) in the United States.
EM4135: Produced by Swiss EM.
BL75R04: Produced by Shanghai Belling, compatible with TI's Tag-it HF-1 Plus.
③ISO 18092 NFC: provides some specifications for short-range wireless communication technology.
5. 433.92MHz: ISO 18000-7
Equipped with a corresponding reader and writer, the reading distance is relatively long.
6. 860~960MHz: ISO 18000-6 Type Aamp; Bamp; C, EPC UHF Class 0amp; 1. EPC Class 1 Generation 2 is equipped with a corresponding reader and writer, and the reading distance is generally greater than 1m, typical The situation is 4~6m, and the maximum can reach more than 10m.
Based on the current technical level, the more successful products of passive microwave radio frequency tags are relatively concentrated in the 902~928MHz operating frequency band.
Example:
UCODE HSL (SL3 ICS30): often called HSL in China, it complies with the ISO 18000-6 Type B protocol.
UCODE EPC G2 (SL3 ICS10): often called GEN2 in China, it complies with the ISO 18000-6 Type C protocol.
RI-UHF-OOC02-03: Produced by Texas Instruments (TI) in the United States and complies with the ISO 18000-6 Type C protocol.
7. 2.45GHz: ISO 18000-4 Mode 1amp; 2
The typical reading distance of microwave RF tags is 3~5m, and some products can reach 10m or more. .