In the field of basic research, a number of important achievements have been made, such as Goldbach's conjecture in the field of mathematics and science, the standard algorithm of the finite element method, the machine proof of mathematical theorems, the stability of differential dynamical systems, the theoretical method of molecular orbital graphs, the theory of warm cloud precipitation, the discovery of a slightly faster rotation of the Earth's inner core, and in the field of life sciences, the synthesis of bovine insulin, the synthesis of yeast alanine transfer ribonucleic acid, the study of the relationship between the structure and the function of insulin, and the study of protein structure and function. structure-function relationship study, protein function gene modification, rice gene physical mapping, as well as the discovery of comets and asteroids, the discovery of quasi-crystals, the discovery of ancient fossils of plants and animals such as the Chengjiang fossil group, and there are numerous harvests in the study of biological nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis, the study of the atmospheric circulation in East Asia, the study of the paleoclimate and the paleoNova, the exploration of the source of the Yellow River, the Yarlung Zangbo River exploration, as well as expeditions to the Antarctic and the Arctic, and other aspects.
An important sign of technological progress is the ability to master high technology. Chinese scientists and engineers have mastered nuclear technologies such as, nuclear power generation and nuclear radiation, as well as technologies for launching long-range carrier rockets, artificial Earth satellites for various purposes and even spaceships, and have built electronic computers with one-billion-times gigantic machines, ten-million-times vector machines. Millions of times ultra-small machine and Shuguang 1 and Shuguang 1000 and other high-performance parallel machines, the development of temporal logic language, Chinese language information processing system, Chinese language conversion system and other software systems, the development of the Chinese language intelligent interfaces and high-density information storage devices, in the quantum computation and quantum communication has also been the principle of quantum error-avoidance and quantum cryptomorphic experiments promising progress.
In the field of laser technology, we have developed high-power laser devices such as "Shenguang", semiconductor quantum trap lasers, free-electron lasers, and 1.35-micron semiconductor lasers, as well as mastered high-speed fiber-optic communication technology.
In the field of biotechnology, the nitrogen fixation of corn and soybeans, insect-resistant cotton flowers, genetically engineered vaccines, test-tube babies and test-tube goats, the expression of human genes in plants and the cloning of higher animals and other biotechnology achievements. In materials science, research on high-temperature superconductor materials and nanomaterials, high-performance solid propellants, nonlinear crystals, and laser crystals have all made promising achievements.
In technical sciences, there are also influential theoretical achievements such as the theory of compound combustion, the theory of ternary flow of impeller machinery, the equation of state of cold pressure, the theory of overall error in gear dynamics, and the optimal control of nonlinear systems.
The progress of the program is highlighted in the manufacturing capacity of large-scale equipment, China has been able to manufacture 125,000 kilowatts of double water-cooled turbine generator sets, 175,000 kilowatts of low head generating units, 500,000 kilowatts of high-voltage transmission equipment, 200-ton electroslag remelting furnaces, 15,000 tons of polyester drawing equipment, 240,000 tons of urea production, 300,000 tons of ammonia equipment, 10 million tons of open-pit mining equipment. 10 million tons of open-pit mining equipment.
The Yangtze River bridges at Wuhan and Nanjing, the Gezhouba Dam on the Yangtze River and Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River, and the Three Gorges Project under construction represent bridge and dam construction capabilities, while the progress in transportation is shown by the construction of megaships, 7 passenger planes, highway construction, and speeding up of trains.
The successful development of the Daqing oil field fully demonstrates the strength of China's self-reliance policy, while air-jet spinning and synthetic rubber show the ability to absorb and innovate technology.
The contribution of science and technology to agricultural progress has reached 35 percent, and great progress has been made in the promotion of good seeds and the reform of farming systems. Indica hybrid rice, Lu cotton 1 cotton, Tiefeng 1 and Dongnong 36 soybean and wheat and the promotion of good varieties of crops has played a huge role in increasing crop yields, crop varieties over the past 51 years has been replaced four or five times, each time an increase in yield of 20% to 30%, the main crops of good seed coverage has reached 80%, afforestation survival rate increased by 20%, the replanting index increased by 25%.
In the field of medicine and health, microsurgery and early diagnosis of cancer have shown the progress of medical technology, genetically engineered peptide drugs, wizard drugs and antibody engineering have made promising progress, hepatitis B genetically engineered vaccine has replaced the blood-borne vaccine on the market, and there are also the achievements of acupuncture anesthesia and yang jinhua anesthesia as well as anti-malarial artemisinin drugs in traditional Chinese medicine, and the successes of family planning and population theory have attracted the world's attention. The success in family planning and population theory has attracted the world's attention.