The amount of lightweight, strong, efficient, and can be a multi-purpose.
With the development of mountaineering and the continuous progress of science and technology, the quality and
performance of mountaineering equipment is also improving, which is very necessary to improve the level of mountaineering. For example, France
First mountaineering used a main rope weight of up to 20 kilograms, other mountaineering equipment is also very heavy,
Then their mountaineering height of only about 4000 meters. Now a main rope weighs only 1.5 kilograms
kg, the weight of other equipment is also greatly reduced, and more durable, its warmth, anti-electricity performance is also greatly increased
added, and thus can ensure that mountaineers climb a variety of heights and difficulty of the peaks. In recent years, the mountaineering community
is also constantly researching and improving all kinds of equipment, for example, many countries in order to improve the capacity of oxygen cylinders and equipment
use of efficiency and research, Japan has adopted the so-called "circuit type oxygen mask" instead of the original respiratory
instrument, so that the original one minute for the use of oxygen to increase to two minutes or two minutes. The Japanese adopted the so-called "loop oxygen mask" to replace the original respirator, increasing the amount of oxygen used from one minute to two minutes or more. They also adapted special equipment, such as oxygen for tandem climbing on rocky cliffs at altitudes of more than
8,000 meters, and oxygen for rock climbing operations.
In addition, mountaineers' clothing and camping equipment are constantly being improved. In recent years, camping equipment such as lighter
and warmer inflatable tents have appeared.
In the alpine food, in addition to refined high-calorie compressed food and fresh dehydrated vegetables, some countries
Countries also used for astronauts developed "homemade canned food", which is light and easy to carry and has enough calories.
In recent years, communication tools have also been greatly improved. At present, it has been widely used specifically for climbing mountains with small
Clever, lightweight, good performance of the walkie-talkie, a better guarantee of the mountaineers and the relevant aspects of the
Contact. With the improvement of mountaineering equipment, people's mountaineering skills are also improving, and the height and difficulty of the climb
has also increased.
Clothing and equipment
Since the environment of competitive mountaineering and adventure mountaineering are different, the requirements of their equipment are also different.
Competitive Mountaineering Equipment
Rock Clothes
Rock Clothes are the clothes used in competitive mountaineering activities, which should be close to the body, with smaller cuffs and legs and
elasticity, and the best material is woolen products with strong wear-resistance and elasticity.
Rock shoes are a kind of special shoes for rock work. The upper is best made of strong, airy leather, and the sole
is made of hard rubber. Thicker soles are good for friction fixation.
Expedition mountaineering equipment
Cold clothing is used for mountaineering activities to keep warm, the best warm layer of high-quality duck down, the fabric should be light,
thin, dense, waterproof, windproof. Clothing surface color is mainly dark, as bright as possible, in order to facilitate
heat absorption and easy to observe and identify the mountain, the mountain. In addition to pants and clothing, down socks, gloves and undershirts can also be made as needed.
Wind and rain jackets are made of waterproof high-quality nylon. It has good windproof and warmth-retaining properties. The top has a hood, and the hood, cuffs, and pant legs can be adjusted for elasticity.
Alpine shoes Special shoes for climbing snow and ice mountains. Its material requirements are light, and has good warmth,
waterproof, ventilation and other properties. Alpine shoes should also be accompanied by bindings and shoe covers in order to improve its warmth,
waterproof protection. When walking on icy slopes, the soles of the shoes should also be tied with ice claws.
Travel bag: including backpack, backpack and duffel bag, protective glasses, used to block strong sunlight and snow and ice reflections
light, to prevent ultraviolet damage to the eyes, protective lenses to the lens to use teal lenses for
good. In the 7000 meters above the high mountains, mountaineers should be equipped with special anti-violet, infrared anti-
wind and snow glasses.
Technical equipment
Ice axe is an indispensable tool for passing through snow and ice slopes. In addition to repairing the road, it can also be used to assist and protect.
Ice claws Ice claws are made of lightweight hard metal and are attached to the bottom of alpine shoes to hold them in place and prevent slipping.
Safety Belt The safety belt consists of a loop, a strap and a clip, and is fastened around the waist as a connection between various protective equipment and the body.
The main rope has a length of 40-50 meters, a diameter of 9-12 millimeters, and a bearing capacity of more than 1500 kilograms, and it is a lightweight
sturdy nylon product, and different people should be equipped with different colors of the main rope so as to identify them when they are in use
. It is to protect the group, river crossing "bridge", rock climbing and all kinds of protection must use the technical equipment.
Auxiliary rope Its diameter is smaller than the main rope, about 6-8 millimeters, bearing force of about 800 kilograms. Its material is the same as the main rope
, and the main rope with the use.
Avalanche Tape This is a kind of marking for searching for victims in case of avalanches and other dangers. They are made of brightly colored silk with low specific gravity
. Each one is about 5 meters long and 0.01 meters wide. They are tied to the athlete before passing through the avalanche zone.
Iron locks
In technical operations, some of the technical equipment needs to be linked and unlinked alternately,
in order to avoid the cumbersome knotting and untying operations, when the action is simple and rapid, it is necessary to have the iron locks
auxiliary. Sometimes the iron lock can be used instead of the pulley.
Steel cones are available in two categories: rock cones and ice cones. In mountaineering
operations to overcome difficult rocky, icy and snowy terrain, steel cones of different lengths and types are driven into rock crevasses and ice to serve as pivots for travel and
protection.
Hammer Generally used for driving in and lifting out steel cones.
Snow Shovel Used for leveling campsites, constructing snow holes, and other digging and shoveling operations.
On the basis of some of the above technical equipment, can be equipped with some efficiency technical equipment according to the need, such as up
Lifter, descender, sled, metal ladder, small ladder, skidder and so on.
Camping equipment
Tent
Tent can be divided into two kinds of low-mountain tents and alpine tents. Low-mountain tents are generally made of single-layer materials.
Alpine tents are made of two layers of material, with an air layer in the center to increase their warmth. In general, each tent has about
4 cubic meters of space, and can accommodate 2-4 people. If the team size is large, the base camp tents can be separately made
into more practical accommodation tents, cooking tents, medical tents and so on. The shape of the top of the various tents to arc
good, so as to increase its solidity and practicality. Its quality requirements are waterproof, insulation and ventilation, and to
seek bright colors. Its entrances and exits should be easy to open and close.
Sleeping bag
The material is the same as down clothing, but the insulation layer is thicker. In order to waterproof moisture, should also be equipped with foam
plastic or air mattress.
Cookware
It is used to boil water for cooking. It can also be used for heating. There are two kinds of gasoline and kerosene stoves. In the air above 7000 meters
thin mountains, the latter is more effective. Commonly used gas stoves are small and light, each weighing 270 grams, can be burned
Burning 3 hours.
Safeguard equipment
Safeguard equipment, not mountaineers special supplies, it is in order to cope with a variety of unforeseen circumstances and other
purpose and spare some of the equipment and appliances. Such as oxygen equipment, communication equipment, photographic equipment, self-defense weapons
instruments, transportation, observation instruments, medical rescue equipment. The type and quantity of equipment should be equipped according to
the nature of the task and the size of the team.
Oxygen equipment
In climbing 7500 meters above the peak, in order to overcome the lack of oxygen in the mountains and medical emergencies, generally need to have oxygen
gas equipment. Oxygen equipment by the storage cylinder, indicating device and mask 3 parts. Storage cylinder is the storage of oxygen
container, cylinder wall material to be as light as possible and high pressure resistance. Indicator device has a barometer and regulator two parts,
the former indicates the cylinder oxygen storage capacity, the latter control and indicate the flow of oxygen. The mask is worn on the face, when
mouth, than and oxygen equipment closed into a system, through the buffer capsule and the skin tube inhalation of oxygen.
Communication equipment
Used for communication between the athlete and the base camp and between the base camp and the nearby city. For the former, it is best to use
high-performance small radios. For the latter, radio transmitting and receiving equipment of the appropriate type can be used according to the distance. In
base camp and mountain contact, athletes should be as familiar as possible and master some primitive, basic, simple
easy means of contact, such as flag language, light language, whistle language and so on. For this reason, attention should be paid to equipping the equipment with flags, hand
torches, signal lamps, whistles, fireworks and so on. In some special cases, burning clothes, etc. can also be used as a sign of communication
contact.
Photographic equipment
In some of the mountaineering activities for the purpose of climbing to the top of the peak, photography is a means of recording and hunting to confirm the summit
Information. Therefore, photographic equipment is a necessary and indispensable equipment. In addition to the camera, if the conditions allow
can also be equipped with movie camera and video equipment.
Daily equipment
Daily equipment, that is, living utensils and supplies. A mountaineering activity, athletes in high mountain activities
long time, sometimes up to 2 months, a variety of supplies must be carried. Daily equipment includes living
supplies, hygiene products, simple tools, medicines, orientation map instruments, recreational supplies, paper
stationery, sewing equipment, lighting equipment, sporting goods and so on.
Mountaineering is a money-consuming sport 。。。。 These things are super expensive. But also safe. Oh. Suggest the owner to think about it