Example: my company belongs to the small-scale taxpayers business enterprises, this month purchased a computer of 3000 yuan, obtaining ordinary VAT invoices, see the tax on a policy: (Cai Shui [2014] No. 75) Article 3 of the provisions of the unit value of not more than 5000 yuan of fixed assets held by enterprises in all industries, allowing a one-time entry into the current cost of costs deducted in the calculation of taxable income. when calculating taxable income, and depreciation will no longer be calculated over a period of years.
Please ask: Is it actually credited to? administrative expenses? or? fixed assets? account?
A: Office computers belong to the category of electronic equipment in fixed assets, and should be included in the accounting? Fixed assets? account, the accounting treatment is as follows:
Borrow: Fixed Assets - Computer 3000 yuan
Credit: Bank Deposits 3000 yuan
Then depreciated monthly in accordance with the minimum life prescribed by the tax law (if depreciated over a period of 3 years, the estimated net salvage rate in accordance with the 5%)
Borrow: Administrative Expenses - Depreciation Expense 79.16 yuan
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation 79.16 yuan
Reminder
(1) accounting treatment is accounting treatment, tax treatment is tax treatment, bridge is bridge, road is road, accounting and tax are two different things;
(2) differences arising between the accounting treatment and tax regulations should be dealt with through the EIT tax adjustments;
(3) outsourcing of fixed assets, the beginning of the depreciation is the month following the month in which they can be used, not the month in which they are purchased, and there has never been a one-time depreciation method;
(4) The provisions of Article 3 of (Cai Shui [2014] No. 75) are only a tax preferential policy, which enterprises can either enjoy or not use at their own discretion;
(5) The above preferential policy does not require any filing procedures, and enterprises only need to fill out relevant reports when they make income tax The enterprises only need to fill in the relevant statements at the time of remittance.
Policies
(1) The provisions of Article 3 of the Circular of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Improving the Policy of Accelerated Depreciation of Fixed Assets for Enterprise Income Tax Purposes (Cai Shui [2014] No. 75) state: ? For fixed assets held by enterprises in all industries whose unit value does not exceed 5,000 yuan, they are allowed to be deducted as a lump sum in the calculation of taxable income by adding them to the current period's costs and expenses, and they are no longer depreciated over a period of years.?
(2) According to the relevant provisions of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Enterprise Income Tax Law:
Article 59 stipulates that depreciation of fixed assets calculated in accordance with the straight-line method is allowed to be deducted.
Enterprises shall calculate depreciation from the month following the month in which the fixed assets are put into use; fixed assets that are no longer in use shall cease to be depreciated from the month following the month in which they are no longer in use.
Enterprises should be based on the nature and use of fixed assets, a reasonable determination of the estimated net residual value of fixed assets. Once determined, the estimated net residual value of fixed assets shall not be changed.
Article 60 stipulates that, except as otherwise provided by the competent departments of finance and taxation under the State Council, the minimum number of years for the calculation of depreciation of fixed assets shall be as follows:
(1) for houses and buildings, 20 years;
(2) for airplanes, trains, ships, machines, machineries, and other production equipments, 10 years;
(3) for appliances, tools, furniture and so forth, related to production and operation activities, 5 years.
(iv) means of transportation other than airplanes, trains and ships, 4 years;
(v) electronic equipment, 3 years.
(3) Article 57 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Enterprise Income Tax Law stipulates that: Fixed assets are non-monetary assets held by an enterprise for the purpose of production of products, provision of labor services, leasing or business management, and used for more than 12 months, including houses, buildings, machinery, machines, means of transportation, and other equipment, appliances, and tools related to production and business activities.
Comprehensive list of overhead expense line items!
1 Overhead? Salary? Basic salary/overtime/temporary labor wages
Explanation: this secondary account contains three tertiary accounts, of which ? Salary? is the second-level account, under this second-level account there are three third-level accounts? Basic Wage? The basic salary is the second level account, under this second level account there are three third level accounts? Overtime Pay? and "overtime pay". Temporary Worker's Wages. Here? Basic salary refers to the salary of a regular employee in the company's management department, minus? Overtime pay The entire salary in addition to the overtime pay.
2Administrative expenses? Employee welfare expenses? Welfare Expenses/Medicaid
Explanation: This Level 2 account contains two Level 3 accounts, ? Welfare Expenses? includes the working meals of the staff of the management department, medical supplies, the company's organization of staff physical examination fees, medical fees for work-related injuries, vaccination fees, medical room drugs, staff rental fees, liquefied petroleum gas, kitchen utensils for the restaurant, drivers and security guards meal subsidies and night-shift subsidies, chef's salary, staff condolences, sporting goods and so on. In addition, it also includes a certain percentage of the company's monthly employee welfare fund,? Medical subsidies? Refers to the company and individuals pay a certain percentage of wages to a medical fund.
3 administrative expenses? Depreciation expense
Description: This secondary account refers to the fixed assets used by the Ministry of Management monthly depreciation.
4 Administrative Expenses? Repair Expenses
Description: This level 2 account includes repair and installation costs for computers, air conditioners, printers, copiers, fax machines, etc., hardware upgrade costs, office building and dormitory renovation costs, and other DM office supplies moving and installation costs.
5
Management expenses? Intermediary/agency fees
Description: This level 2 account includes personnel file agency fees, recruitment agency fees.
6
Administrative expenses? Office expenses? Book and newspaper expenses/printing expenses/daily office supplies expenses/consumable supplies expenses/annual inspection/audit fees/others
Description: This second-level account contains six third-level accounts, of which ? Book and newspaper expenses? refers to the cost of purchasing books and subscribing newspapers and magazines by the management, ? Printing expense/copying expense? refers to the printing of business cards, labor contracts, internal newspapers, etc., ? Daily office supplies Refers to office supplies purchased by the management on a monthly basis according to the budget standard and small office items purchased for new employees, as well as ribbons, ink cartridges, toner and copy paper for fax machines, printers and copiers, etc.,? Expendable supplies costs? Mainly refers to the purchase of coffee, tea, paper cups, pure water, mineral water, paper towels, and hand sanitizer, disinfectant, hand towels, etc. for restrooms by the Ministry of Personnel and General Affairs. Annual inspection/audit fee? Refers to the annual fee for enterprises to participate in the industrial and commercial union, the fee for enterprises to change, and the fee for enterprises to verify and audit their capital, etc.? Other? Including the Finance Department to purchase invoice fees, financial statements, financial books and covers, and copying fees.
7
Management expenses? Material Consumption
Description: this secondary account includes the purchase of computer supplies such as hard disk, CD-ROM, floppy disk, and repair parts such as sockets, and other deductions? Office expenses? Daily office supplies costs? and? low value consumables? Office supplies other than.
8
Administrative expenses? Amortization of Low-Value Consumables
Description: this level 2 account is the amount that will be used at the end of the month for the Department of Management's ? Low-value consumables? Carry forward expenses.
9
Management expenses? Amortization of Intangible Assets
Description: this level 2 account refers to the amortization of intangible assets owned by the company in installments at the end of the month to carry forward expenses.
10
Administrative expenses? Amortization of Start-up Costs
Description: This Level 2 account refers to the amortization of start-up costs incurred by the company during the preparatory period.
11
Administrative expenses? Rental Expenses
Description: This level 2 account includes cafeteria rent, meeting room rental expenses, staff dormitory rent, and other site expenses incurred by management when using the site.
12
Management expenses? Transportation expenses
Note: This secondary account is not very commonly used and refers only to occasional freight costs incurred by management through transportation companies. Others such as ems fees should be accounted for in ? Postage?
13
Management expenses? Postage? Courier fee/Internet fee
Note: This level 2 account is further divided into two level 3 accounts, of which ? Express fee? mainly refers to the cost of management's daily sending of express mail (e.g. ems), ? Internet fee? refers to internet usage fee, lge-net usage fee.
14
Administrative expenses? Telephone charges? Fixed telephone fee/cell phone fee
Explanation: this level 2 account contains two level 3 accounts, of which ? Fixed telephone charges? refers to the wired telephone usage fee of the management office, and ? Cellular Phone Charges refers to the cell phone usage fee of the management office.
15
Management expenses? Provision for bad debts
Description: This secondary account refers to the company's financial department in accordance with the provisions of the financial system for ? Accounts receivable? Whether the bad debt is a kind of provision made.
16
Administrative expenses? Provision for decline in value of inventories
Description: This secondary account refers to the provision for the decline in value of the company's inventories based on the increase or decrease in the price of similar products in the market.
17
Administrative expenses? Research and development expenses? Salary/overtime/office expenses/education and training expenses/repair expenses/hospitality expenses/activity expenses/city transportation expenses/travel expenses/others
Description: The purpose of this second-level account is to set up the statistics of expenses incurred by the research institute, and the following is a description of these accounts: ? Salary? Including the daily wages of the Institute's foreign workers, year-end double pay, etc.;? Overtime expenses Overtime expenses of the employees of the Institute;? Office expenses? Refers to the Institute's postage, copying costs, fax fees, expansion costs, book costs and other miscellaneous expenses;? Education and training costs? The costs incurred for the education and training of the Institute's staff;? Repair costs? Refers to the costs incurred by the Institute for repairing computers, purchasing hard disks, data cables, etc.? Hospitality? Meal expenses incurred by the Institute for entertaining clients;? Activity expenses? is the cost incurred by the Institute for organizing activities;? Transportation costs in the city? is the cost incurred by the Institute's staff for office work in the city; travel expenses refer to the long-distance air, bus and boat ticket fees and travel subsidies incurred by the Institute's staff for domestic and international business trips;? Others? That is, the costs incurred by the Institute in addition to the above items.
18
Management expenses? Technology Transfer Fee
Description: This secondary account is a kind of expense charged by the finance department according to the technology transfer contract between the company and other companies.
19
Administrative Expenses? Technology Research and Development Expenses
Description: This level 2 account describes the provision made by the company for the research and development of new products based on a certain percentage.
20
Administrative expenses? Technical commission
Description: This secondary account is used for the company's technical cooperation with other companies based on a certain percentage of the fund.
21
Administrative expenses? The cost of pending insurance
Description: This secondary account describes a kind of social insurance paid by the company and individuals in a certain proportion.
22
Administrative expenses? Labor Insurance Premiums
Description: This secondary account describes a kind of social insurance paid by the company and individuals based on a certain percentage, including the wages of retirees.
23
Management Expenses? Labor Union Funds
Description: This secondary account refers to the labor union fees paid by the company and individuals based on a certain percentage of wages.
24
Administrative expenses? Housing Provident Fund
Description: This secondary account refers to the house purchase fund contributed by the company and individuals in proportion to a certain salary.
25
Management expenses? Conference Fee
Description: This secondary account refers to the dues and activity fees for a company to join an association of the government or society.
26
Administrative expenses? Employee education expenses
Description: This secondary account refers to the company's employee education fund that is accrued by the company according to a certain wage rate.
27
Administrative expenses? Labor Protection Expenses
Description: This secondary account refers to the expenses incurred by the company for purchasing labor protection supplies for employees.
28
Administrative expenses? Board fee? Activity Funds/Conference Fees/Travel Expenses
Description: this secondary account includes three tertiary accounts, ? Activity expenses? refers to the expenses incurred by board members for organizing activities (mainly referring to the chairman, general manager and executive vice president), such as hospitality meals, etc., ? Meeting expenses? refers to the meeting expenses incurred by the company for holding board meetings,? Travel expenses? refers to the lodging expenses, taxi fare and subsidies during the period when the board members convene the meeting.
29
Management expenses? Training fees? Lecturer's fee/information fee/meal fee/others
Explanation: this second-level account includes four third-level accounts, of which ? Lecturer's fee? refers to the lecturing fee for hiring lecturers, ? Materials Fees? refers to the cost of purchasing training materials,? Meal fee? Refers to the cost of meals and food purchased by company employees during the training period. Others? Includes the cost of venue use and other miscellaneous expenses during the training period.
30
Management expenses? Consulting fees
Description: This secondary account includes the company's hiring of lawyers and consultants, accounting and tax consulting fees and other information consulting costs.
31
Administrative expenses? Travel expenses? Domestic/foreign/training travel expenses/in-town transportation expenses
Description: this second-level account contains five third-level accounts, ? Domestic? refers to the expenses incurred by employees of the Ministry of Management on domestic business trips, ? Overseas? refers to the expenses incurred by employees of the Ministry of Management on business trips abroad, ? Training travel expenses Refers to accommodation expenses incurred by employees of the Ministry of Management during training,? Transportation expenses in the city? refers to the transportation expenses incurred for the office within the city of the management department, and the city transportation expenses incurred during the training period.
32
Management expenses? Taxes? Stamp Duty/Vehicle and Vessel Use Tax/Property Tax/Land Use Tax
Explanation: this secondary account contains four tertiary accounts, ? Stamp Duty? refers to the company's financial books of the stamp duty and the company's sales contracts, foreign import contracts to pay the stamp duty,? Vehicle and vessel use tax? refers to the tax paid by the company's management for the use of vehicles,? Property tax Refers to the tax paid by the company for the use of factory buildings,? Land Use Tax? refers to the tax paid by the company for the acquisition of land.
33
Administrative expenses? Utilities
Description: This secondary account refers to the cost of utilities consumed by the management.
34
Management expenses? Insurance fee
Description: This secondary account includes the insurance premiums taken out by the company for the transportation of cell phones as well as the vehicle insurance premiums.
35
Administrative expenses? Hospitality? Hospitality/Event expenses
Description: This Level 2 account contains two Level 3 accounts, ? Hospitality Expenses refers to the meal expenses incurred by the management department of the company for entertaining customers, and the expenses incurred by the management department of the company for entertaining customers. Activity expenses refers to the expenses incurred for internal meals for employees of the Company's Management Department.
36
Management expenses? Vehicle expenses? Oil expense/road maintenance expense/car rental expense/repair expense/vehicle maintenance supplies expense/vehicle rental/others
Explanation: this secondary account includes seven tertiary accounts.? Oil expenses? refers to the cost of gasoline and oil used by the vehicles of the Ministry of Management, ? Road maintenance fee? Refers to the highway maintenance fees paid by the vehicles used by the Ministry of Management in accordance with the state regulations,? Repair Fee Refers to the cost of repair and maintenance of the Ministry's vehicles. Vehicle Maintenance Supplies Fee Refers to the daily maintenance tools and tires purchased by the Ministry for the vehicles. Vehicle Rental? Refers to the cost of renting vehicles to the Company, ? Other? Refers to the Ministry of Management vehicle road and bridge tolls, parking fees, traffic violation fines, as well as the annual review of vehicles and driver document review costs.