Such as dislocation caused by external impact, acetabular fracture, femoral neck fracture, femoral head epiphysis slippage, hip sprain and contusion, etc. Trauma is the main cause of femoral head necrosis. According to statistics, femoral head necrosis caused by trauma accounts for13 of all femoral head necrosis. The occurrence and degree of traumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head mainly depends on the degree of vascular destruction and the compensatory ability of collateral circulation. That is to say, after the patient suffers from bone trauma, the symptoms of femoral head necrosis will appear because the treatment is not timely or the treatment method is incorrect, the blood vessels around the bone rupture and atrophy, and the bone cells are ischemic for more than 8 hours.
Hormone-induced necrosis of femoral head
For example, due to tracheitis, asthma, rheumatism, rheumatoid, neck, shoulder, back and leg pain, diabetes, skin diseases and so on. Long-term use of hormonal drugs. As a result of a large number or long-term use of hormones, the accumulation of hormones in the body leads to the onset, which is an early statement. Recently, it is considered that the occurrence of femoral head necrosis is directly related to the type, dosage form and administration route of hormones, but not directly proportional to the total amount and time of hormones. However, long-term use of hormones or excessive dosage and sudden change of dosage are also one of the causes of femoral head necrosis.
Alcohol-induced necrosis of femoral head
Because of long-term heavy drinking, alcohol accumulates in the body, leading to elevated blood lipids and impaired liver function. The increase of blood lipid leads to the increase of blood viscosity, the decrease of blood flow velocity and the change of coagulation function, which can cause blood vessel blockage, bleeding or fat embolism and lead to bone necrosis. The clinical manifestations are aggravation after drinking, duck walking, heart failure, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. According to statistics, alcoholic femoral head necrosis accounts for 1/3- 1/2 of all femoral head necrosis.
Femoral head necrosis is recognized as a hormonal complication in recent years. At present, the incidence of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis has exceeded that of traumatic femoral head necrosis. The mechanism of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis is generally believed to be the long-term accumulation of hormones in the body, which leads to the increase of blood viscosity, blood lipid, fat embolism and fatty liver, which leads to the blockage of bone capillaries, ischemia, reduction of bone synthesis, calcium absorption disorder, osteoporosis and micro-fracture accumulation, and finally leads to steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.
The use of glucocorticoid, such as dexamethasone, leads to necrosis of femoral head for at least 7 days, and the effective time is different after using glucocorticoid. It has been reported that femoral head necrosis occurred less than 2 months after hormone use.