Industrial buildings are buildings and structures for people to engage in various types of production activities.
II. Types
There are many types of industrial buildings, for example, they can be divided into iron and steel plant buildings, machinery manufacturing plant buildings, precision instrumentation plant buildings, aviation plant buildings, shipbuilding plant buildings, cement plant buildings, chemical plant buildings, textile plant buildings, thermal power plant buildings, hydroelectric power plant buildings and nuclear power plant buildings. Industrial plants can be divided into production plants, auxiliary production plants, warehouses, power stations, as well as buildings and structures for various purposes, such as chutes, chimneys, hoppers, water towers, etc.; according to the production characteristics can be divided into hot processing plants, cold processing plants and clean plants, etc.; according to the spatial form of the industrial building can be divided into two types of single-story plant and multi-story plant.
Third, the basic principles of industrial building design
1, to meet the requirements of the production process
This is to determine the basic starting point of the industrial building design program. Process requirements related to industrial buildings are: ① process. Directly affects the order and interrelationship of the sections and departments of the plane. ② means of transportation and mode of transportation. Closely related to the plant plan, structure type and economic effects. ③ production characteristics. Such as the distribution of a large amount of waste heat and dust, discharge a large number of acids, alkalis and other corrosive substances or toxic, flammable, explosive gases, as well as temperature, humidity, dust, bacteria and other health requirements.
2, a reasonable choice of structural form
According to the requirements of the production process and materials, construction conditions, choose the appropriate structural system. Reinforced concrete structure is easy to get materials, construction is convenient, fire-resistant and corrosion-resistant, adaptable to a wide range of prefabricated, can also be cast on-site, for China's current single-story and multi-story plant is commonly used. Steel structure is mostly used in large span, large space or vibration of the production workshop, but to take fire, corrosion prevention measures. It is best to use industrialized system building to save investment and shorten the construction period.
3, to ensure a good production environment
① Good lighting and lighting. General plant is mostly natural mutual light (see industrial building lighting), but the lighting uniformity is poor. Such as textile factories, spinning and weaving workshop is mostly natural lighting, but should solve the problem of direct sunlight. If the natural lighting can not meet the process requirements, the use of artificial lighting (see industrial lighting). ② good ventilation. Such as natural ventilation, to understand the internal conditions of the plant (heat, heat source conditions, etc.) and local meteorological conditions, the design of exhaust channels. Certain thermal processing and dusty workshop (such as foundry) should focus on solving the problem of natural ventilation. ③ Control of noise. In addition to general noise reduction measures, can also set up sound insulation. ④ For certain workshops with special process requirements in terms of temperature, humidity, cleanliness, sterility, anti-vibration, electromagnetic shielding, radiation protection, etc., corresponding measures should be taken in the industrial building plan, structure and air conditioning. ⑤ Pay attention to the design of the overall environment inside and outside the plant, including color and greening.
4, a reasonable layout of the room
Living room, including storage rooms, toilets, washrooms, showers, health stations, dining room, etc., the layout of the production needs and health conditions. Workshop administration room and some space is not big production support room, can be arranged together with the living room.
5, general layout
This is the first part of the industrial building design. In the selected site, the general layout should be based on the production process, to determine the site of the whole plant and zoning, the overall layout and vertical design of the plant, as well as the configuration of utilities, transportation roads and pipeline network distribution and so on. In addition, the arrangement of the production and operation management rooms and the living and welfare facilities of the whole plant also belongs to the content of the general layout. Solve the pollution problem in the production process and protect the quality of the environment is also the general layout must be considered. The key to the general layout is to reasonably solve the separation and connection between all parts of the plant, and to consider the overall situation from the perspective of development. General layout involves a wide range of complex factors, often using multiple program comparison or the use of computer-aided design methods, select the best program.
Fourth, the development trend
The rapid development of industrial production technology, production system changes and frequent product updates, plant in the large-scale and miniaturization of the two poles of development; at the same time, the general requirements of the industrial building in the use of greater flexibility for development and expansion, and to facilitate the setup of transport equipment and modification.
The tendency of industrial building design is: ① to adapt to the requirements of building industrialization. Expand the size of the column network, plane parameters, profile height as much as possible, the floor, the ground load to expand the scope of adaptation; the structural form of the plant and wall materials to high-strength, lightweight and supporting the development. ② to adapt to the mechanization of product transportation automation requirements. In order to improve the product and zero part ...... >>
Question 2: What are the design classifications of industrial buildings I. Definition of industrial buildings refers to buildings and structures for people engaged in various types of production activities. Second, the types of industrial buildings are diverse, for example, can be divided into iron and steel plant buildings, machinery manufacturing plant buildings, precision instrumentation plant buildings, aviation plant buildings, shipyard buildings, cement plant buildings, chemical plant buildings, textile plant buildings, thermal power plant buildings, hydroelectric power plant buildings and nuclear power plant buildings. Industrial plants can be divided into production plants, auxiliary production plants, warehouses, power stations, as well as buildings and structures for various purposes, such as chutes, chimneys, hoppers, water towers, etc.; according to the production characteristics can be divided into hot-processing plants, cold-processing plants and clean plants, etc.; according to the spatial form of the industrial building can be divided into two types of single-story plant and multi-story plant. Third, the basic principles of industrial building design 1, to meet the requirements of the production process This is to determine the basic starting point of the industrial building design program. With the industrial building process requirements are: ① process. Directly affects the sections, the order of the plane of the various departments and mutual relations. ② means of transportation and mode of transportation. Closely related to the plant plan, structure type and economic effects. ③ production characteristics. Such as the distribution of a large amount of waste heat and dust, discharge a large number of acids, alkalis and other corrosive substances or toxic, flammable, explosive gases, as well as temperature, humidity, dust, bacteria and other health requirements. 2, a reasonable choice of structural form According to the requirements of the production process and materials, construction conditions, choose the appropriate structural system. Reinforced concrete structure is easy to get materials, convenient construction, fire-resistant and corrosion-resistant, wide adaptability, can be prefabricated, can also be cast on-site, for China's current single-story and multi-story plant is commonly used. Steel structure is mostly used in large span, large space or vibration of the production workshop, but to take fire, corrosion prevention measures. It is best to use industrialized system building to save investment and shorten the construction period. 3, to ensure a good production environment ① good lighting and lighting. General plant is mostly natural lighting (see industrial building lighting), but the lighting uniformity is poor. Such as textile factories, spinning and weaving workshop is mostly natural lighting, but should solve the problem of direct sunlight. If the natural lighting can not meet the process requirements, the use of artificial lighting (see industrial lighting). ② good ventilation. Such as natural ventilation, to understand the internal conditions of the plant (heat, heat source conditions, etc.) and local meteorological conditions, the design of exhaust channels. Certain thermal processing and dusty workshop (such as foundry) should focus on solving the problem of natural ventilation. ③ Control of noise. In addition to general noise reduction measures, can also set up sound insulation. ④ For certain workshops with special process requirements in terms of temperature, humidity, cleanliness, sterility, anti-vibration, electromagnetic shielding, radiation protection, etc., corresponding measures should be taken in the industrial building plan, structure and air conditioning. ⑤ Pay attention to the design of the overall environment inside and outside the plant, including color and greening. 4、Rational arrangement of rooms Living rooms include storage rooms, toilets, washrooms, shower rooms, health stations, dining rooms, etc., which are arranged according to the production needs and health conditions. Workshop administration and management rooms and some production auxiliary rooms with little space can be arranged together with living rooms. 5, the general layout This is the first part of the industrial building design. In the selected site, the general layout should be based on the production process, to determine the site of the whole plant and zoning, the overall layout and vertical design of the plant, as well as the configuration of utilities, transportation roads and pipeline network distribution and so on. In addition, the arrangement of the production and management rooms and the living and welfare facilities of the whole plant also belongs to the content of the general layout. Solve the pollution problems in the production process and protect the quality of the environment is also the general layout must be considered. The key to the general layout is to reasonably solve the separation and connection between all parts of the plant, and to consider the overall situation from the perspective of development. General layout involves a wide range of complex factors, often using multiple program comparison or the use of computer-aided design methods to select the best program. Fourth, the development trend of industrial production technology is developing rapidly, the production system changes and frequent product updates, plant in the large-scale and miniaturization of the two poles of development; at the same time, generally require industrial buildings in the use of greater flexibility to facilitate the development and expansion, and to facilitate the setup and modification of transport equipment. Industrial building design tends to be: ① to adapt to the requirements of the industrialization of construction. Expand the size of the column network, plane parameters, profile height as much as possible, the floor, the ground load to expand the scope of adaptation; structural form of the plant and wall materials to high-strength, lightweight and supporting the development. ② to adapt to the mechanization of product transport automation requirements. In order to improve the mechanization and automation of product and parts transportation, improve the utilization of transport equipment, as far as possible, the transport load directly to the ground, in order to simplify ...... >>
Question 3: What are the types of industrial building workshops I. Residential buildings. Residential buildings are mainly buildings that provide people with daily residential life use, such as houses, dormitories, apartments and so on.
Second, public **** building. Public **** building mainly refers to provide people with a variety of social activities of the building, including:
(1) administrative office buildings, such as institutions, business units, office buildings and so on.
(2) cultural and educational buildings such as schools, libraries, palaces of culture, cultural centers and so on.
(3) Educational buildings such as nurseries, kindergartens and so on.
(4) scientific research buildings, such as research institutes, scientific experiment buildings.
(5) Medical buildings such as hospitals, clinics, nursing homes and so on.
(6) Commercial buildings, such as stores, shopping malls, shopping centers, supermarkets, and so on.
(7) Observation buildings such as cinemas, theaters, concert halls, studios, exhibition centers, exhibition halls, museums and so on.
(8) Sports buildings such as gymnasiums, stadiums, gyms and so on.
(9) hotel buildings such as hotels, hotels, resorts, guest houses and so on.
(10) Transportation buildings such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, subway stations, waterway passenger terminals and so on.
(11) communication and broadcasting buildings such as telecommunications buildings, radio and television stations, post and telecommunications offices.
(12) garden buildings such as parks, zoos, botanical gardens, pavilions and so on.
(13) memorial buildings such as memorial halls, monuments, mausoleums and so on.
Third, industrial buildings. Industrial buildings mainly refers to all kinds of buildings for industrial production services, such as production workshops, auxiliary workshops, power houses, storage buildings.
Fourth, agricultural buildings. Agricultural buildings are mainly used for agriculture, animal husbandry production and processing of buildings, such as greenhouses, livestock and poultry farms, grain and feed processing stations, agricultural machinery repair stations and so on.
Check your own information
Such a question does not make sense
Question 4: What are the design requirements of industrial buildings Industrial building design principles
1. production process
There are the following four aspects. This is the basic starting point for determining the building design program. Building-related process requirements are: ① process. Directly affect the order and interrelationship of the sections and departments of the plane. ② means of transportation and mode of transportation. Closely related to the plant plan, structure type and economic effects. ③ production characteristics. Such as the distribution of a large amount of waste heat and dust, discharge a large number of acids, alkalis and other corrosive substances or toxic, flammable, explosive gases, as well as temperature, humidity, dust, bacteria and other health requirements.
2. Selection of structure
According to the requirements of the production process and materials, construction conditions, select the appropriate structural system. Reinforced concrete structure materials are easy to get, easy to construct, fire-resistant and corrosion-resistant, wide range of adaptability, can be prefabricated, can also be cast on-site, for China's single-story and multi-story plant is commonly used. Steel structure is mostly used in large span, large space or vibration of the production workshop, but to take fire and corrosion prevention measures. It is best to use industrialized system building to save investment and shorten the construction period.
3. Production environment
The following points must be done: ① good lighting and lighting. General plant is mostly natural lighting (see industrial building lighting), but the lighting uniformity is poor. Such as textile factories, spinning and weaving workshop for natural lighting, but should solve the problem of direct sunlight. If the natural lighting can not meet the process requirements, the use of artificial lighting (see industrial lighting). ② good ventilation. Such as natural ventilation, to understand the internal conditions of the plant (heat, heat source conditions, etc.) and local meteorological conditions, the design of exhaust channels. Certain thermal processing and dusty workshop (such as foundry) should focus on solving the problem of natural ventilation. ③Control of noise. In addition to general noise reduction measures, can also set up soundproof room. ④ For certain workshops with special process requirements in terms of temperature, humidity, cleanliness, sterility, anti-vibration, electromagnetic shielding, radiation protection, etc., corresponding measures should be taken in terms of building plan, structure and air conditioning. ⑤ Pay attention to the design of the overall environment inside and outside the plant, including color and greening. Reasonable arrangement of living room includes storage room, toilet, washroom, shower room, health station, dining room, etc. The arrangement shall be determined according to the production needs and hygienic conditions. Workshop administration room and some space is not big production auxiliary room, can be arranged together with the living room.
4. Layout
This is the first part of industrial building design. In the selected site, the general layout should be based on the production process, to determine the site of the whole plant and zoning, the overall layout and vertical design of the plant, as well as the configuration of utilities, transportation roads and pipeline network distribution. In addition, the arrangement of the production and operation management rooms and the living and welfare facilities of the whole plant also belongs to the content of the general layout. Solve the pollution problems in the production process and protect the quality of the environment is also the general layout must be considered. The key to the general layout is to reasonably solve the separation and connection between all parts of the plant, and to consider the overall situation from the perspective of development. General layout involves a wide range of complex factors, often using multiple program comparison or the use of computer-aided design methods to select the best program.
Question 5: What is an industrial building? Civilian buildings? Public **** building? Industrial building refers to all kinds of buildings for the production of industrial production services. Such as production workshops, power houses and so on.
Civilian buildings include residential buildings (houses, apartments), public **** building (schools, hospitals).
Industrial buildings and civil buildings are separate, can not rely on each other. And the public **** building and civil building is like father and son relationship, because civil building contains the public **** building.
Question 6: Classification of industrial buildings Classification of industrial buildings
1, according to the use: the main production plant; auxiliary production plant; power plant; storage houses; transportation houses;
2, according to the number of floors: single-floor plant; multi-storey plant; mixed levels of plant;
3, according to the production status: cold processing workshop; hot processing workshop; constant temperature and humidity workshop; clean workshop. constant temperature and humidity workshop; clean workshop;
4, according to the type of structure: row frame structure, rigid frame, frame structure (brick structure, reinforced concrete structure, steel structure). Must be closely integrated with the production.
②. Different production processes have different characteristics of the plant.
③. Lighting, ventilation, roof drainage and structural treatment is more complex ................
Question 8: What are the eight major divisions of the construction project Foundation and Foundation Project
Main Project
Ground Project
Door and Window Project
Decoration Project
Roof Waterproofing Project
Building Pipeline Installation Project
Building Electrical Installation Project
Steel Structure Not.
The above is what a manual says 。。。。。。
Just checked:
1. foundation and foundation
2. main structure
3. building decoration
4. building roof
5. building water supply, drainage and heating
6. building electric
7. intelligent building
8. ventilation and air conditioning
9. elevator
The building is not a building, but a building is a building.
9. Elevator
Since the "Unified Standard for Quality Acceptance of Building Construction" (GB50300-2001)
Question 9: What are the buildings Classification of buildings
I. Classification and characteristics of the use of the building
1. Civilian buildings: houses for people to live, reside in, and engage in various cultural and welfare activities. According to its different uses, there are the following two categories:
(1) residential buildings: buildings for people to live with, such as homes, dormitories, hotels, guest houses.
(2) public **** building: buildings for people to engage in social public **** activities and a variety of welfare facilities, such as schools, libraries, theaters and so on.
2, industrial buildings: for people to engage in various types of industrial production activities of various buildings, structures. Usually these production buildings called industrial plants. Including workshops, substations, boiler rooms, warehouses and so on.
Second, according to the building structure of the material classification
1, brick and wood structure: the main load-bearing components of such houses with brick, wood composition. Vertical load-bearing components such as walls, columns, etc. using brick masonry, horizontal load-bearing components of the floor, roof racks, etc. made of wood. This structural form of housing fewer layers, mostly used for single-story houses.
2, brick-concrete structure: building walls, columns with brick masonry, beams, floor, staircase, roof made of reinforced concrete, brick - reinforced concrete structure. This structure is mostly used for not many layers (six layers or less) of civil buildings and small industrial plants, is currently a widely used form of structure.
3, reinforced concrete structure: building beams, columns, slabs, foundations, all made of reinforced concrete. Beams, floor, columns, foundations form a load-bearing framework, so also known as frame structure. The walls only play the role of enclosure and are built with bricks. This structure is used in high-rise or large-span buildings.
4, steel structure: building beams, columns, roof racks and other load-bearing components made of steel, walls made of brick or other materials. This structure is mostly used for large industrial buildings.
Third, according to the building structure load-bearing way classification
1, load-bearing wall structure
It is the way of force transmission: the weight of the roof by the roof frame (or beams and columns), the roof frame is supported on the load-bearing wall, the weight of the floor by the composition of the floor cover beams, panels, supported on the load-bearing wall. Therefore, the roof, floor loads are borne by the load-bearing wall; wall under the foundation, foundation under the foundation, all the loads from the wall, foundation to the foundation.
2, frame structure
The main load-bearing system consists of beams and columns, but the beams and columns are connected by rigid joints (usually welded through the end of the reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete structure and poured with concrete to form a whole), which constitutes an overall rigid frame (or frame). General multi-storey industrial plant or large high-rise civil buildings belong to the frame structure.
3. Row structure
The main load-bearing system consists of roof frame and columns. The roof rack and the top of the column are articulated (usually welded or bolted), and the lower end of the column is embedded in the foundation. General single-story industrial buildings mostly use this method.
4, other
Due to the urban development needs to build some high-rise, ultra-high-rise buildings, the above structural forms are not enough to resist the horizontal load (wind load, earthquake load), and therefore the development of the shear wall structural system, the barrel structure system.
Fourth, the building height classification
Buildings can be divided into the following categories according to the number of floors
1, low-rise: 2 floors and 2 floors below
2, multi-storey: more than 2 floors, less than 8 floors
3, medium-high-rise: more than 8 floors, less than 16 floors
4, high-floor: more than 16 floors, 24 floors
5, super-high-rise: more than 24 floors
5, super-high-rise: more than 8 floors, more than 24 floors
5, super-high-rise: more than 24 floors
Question 10: What is a green industrial building, and what are the green industrial buildings in the country? Hello:
Green industrial building refers to a new consumer concept, is the industry's new mainstream development, vivid and comprehensive interpretation of the "energy saving, environmental protection, low carbon, safety, health, comfort" is the future of the new concept of construction.
Green industrial building masterpieces
1-Shanghai Lake Rose Garden pure villa community, the products are all oversized single-family houses; representative products: Island Manor 2-Xizi? Qing Shan Lake Rose Garden pure villa community, the products are all detached; representative products: group courtyard villa, mountain villa 3-Beijing Royal Garden top luxury large-scale development, the products include detached and flat-storey official residence; representative products: flat-storey official residence 4-Huzhou Royal Garden composite large-scale development, including high-rise, houses, townhouses, compounds, detached; representative products: French row houses, second-generation high-rise 5-Hangzhou Lanting composite large-scale development, including serviced apartments The representative products are: house, French courtyard 6-Beijing Chengyuan pure high-rise apartment project; the representative products are: Greentown second-generation high-rise apartments
Personal opinion for reference only